Erdenet
Erdenet
Эрдэнэт ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠲᠦ | |
|---|---|
| Bayan-Öndör District Баян-Өндөр сум ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠨᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠰᠤᠮᠤ | |
 View of Erdenet | |
 Seal | |
| Country | Mongolia |
| Province | Orkhon Province |
| Founded | 1974 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 208.0 km2 (80.3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,280 m (4,200 ft) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 83,379 |
| • Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (UTC + 8) |
| Area code | +976 7035 (7039) |
| Vehicle registration | OP_ ( _ variable) |
| Climate | Dwc |
| Website | www |
Erdenet (Mongolian: Эрдэнэт, literally "with treasure") is the third-largest city in Mongolia and the capital of the aimag (province) of Orkhon. Officially known as Bayan-Öndör sum.
Located in the northern part of the country, it lies in a valley between the Selenge and Orkhon rivers about 150 miles (241 kilometres) (as the bird flies) northwest of Ulaanbaatar, the capital. The road length between Ulaanbaatar and Erdenet is about 230 mi (370 km).
History
Erdenet, one of the youngest settlements in Mongolia, was founded in 1974[1] in an area where large deposits of copper had been discovered in the 1950s. A single-track railway line with a length of 75 mi (121 km) linking Erdenet to the Trans-Mongolian Railway was inaugurated in 1977.[2] In the middle of the 1980s, more than 50% of the inhabitants were Russians working as engineers or miners. After the fall of Soviet Communism in 1990, however, most Russians left Erdenet. Today about 10% of the population is Russian.[1]
Erdenet Mining Corporation
The city hosts the fourth largest copper mine in the world. The "Erdenet Mining Corporation" is a joint Mongolian-Russian venture, and accounts for a majority of Mongolia's hard currency income. Erdenet mines 22.23 million tons of ore per year, producing 126,700 tons of copper and 1,954 tons of molybdenum.[3] The mine accounts for 13.5% of Mongolia's GDP and 7% of tax revenue.[4] About 8,000 people are employed in the mine.[5]
Infrastructure
The city of Erdenet offers a large variety of shops, has a comparatively large hospital, a Sports Palace, several hotels and restaurants.
The city is linked to Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, and to the towns of Darkhan and Bulgan by a paved road and is easily accessible by bus several times each day. The distance to the capital where the nearest airport is situated amounts to 230 miles (370 km) and travel by car takes about eight hours.
Train connections between Erdenet and Ulaanbaatar are less comfortable as there is only one train per day covering the distance in 11 hours.
Sights
- Tourists are allowed to visit the mine by appointment. It is in the eastern part of the city, about 6 km (4 mi) from the centre.
- Another important economic factor of Erdenet is the carpet factory about 2 km (1 mi) from the center to the east which was founded in 1981. Every year, about 2,000 metric tons of wool are processed in the factory where about 1,100 people are employed.[6]
- The Mining Museum, in the Culture Palace on the central town square.[7]
- The Aimag Museum was founded in 1983.
- The Fraternity Monument dating from 1984 is on a hill offering a scenic view of the whole city in the northeastern part of Erdenet.
- A new temple with a large Buddha statue was built very recently in the eastern part of Erdenet.
- An amusement park was laid out in the east of the center.
- Amarbayasgalant Monastery is a Buddhist monastery about 60 km (37 mi) northeast of Erdenet. It was founded between 1727 and 1737, partially destroyed by order of Khorloogiin Choibalsan in 1937 and reconstructed after 1975 using financial aid provided by the UNESCO.
Population
| 1975 est. |
1979 census |
1981 est. |
1985 est. |
1989 census |
1994 est. |
2000 census |
2003 est. |
2004 est. |
2005 est. |
2006 est. |
2007 est. |
2008 est. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,100 | 31,900 | 38,700 | 45,400 | 56,100 | 63,000 | 68,310 | 78,882 | 80,858 | 81,249 | 83,160 | 85,121 | 86,866 |
Gallery
-
The "Fraternity Monument" in Erdenet -
City Centre -
Main Street -
City Centre -
Market in the center -
New Buddha Statue -
Residential area with LDS Church -
Typical residential area in the west of Erdenet -
Amusement park
Twin towns – Sister cities
| City | Region | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Fairbanks |  Alaska
|
 United States
|
| Ulan-Ude |  Buryatia
|
 Russia
|
| Edremit[15] |  Balıkesir
|
Turkey
|
| Székesfehérvár[16] |  Fejér County
|
 Hungary
|
References
- ^ a b Michael Kohn: Mongolia, p. 142, London 2008
- ^ Werner Elstner: Mongolei, p. 146, Berlin 1993
- ^ Montsame News Agency. Mongolia. 2006, Foreign Service Office of Montsame News Agency, ISBN 99929-0-627-8, p. 80
- ^ Montsame News Agency. Mongolia. 2006, Foreign Service Office of Montsame News Agency, ISBN 99929-0-627-8, p. 83
- ^ Michael Kohn: Mongolia, p. 143, London 2008
- ^ Marion Wisotzki. Mongolei, p.227, Berlin 2010
- ^ Michael Kohn: Mongolia, p. 144, London 2008
- ^ National Statistical Office
- ^ National Economy of the Mongolian People's Republic (1921 - 1981), Ulaanbaatar 1981
- ^ , GeoHive: Global Statistics
- ^ Population Statistics: historical demography
- ^ Mongolia City Development Strategies for Secondary Cities
- ^ Statistical Report 2008
- ^ Chris Freiberg (2008-03-30). "Sister-city program brings Mongolian delegation to Fairbanks". newsminer.com. Retrieved 2010-01-09.
- ^ Sister/Twin Cities of Balıkesir Province
- ^ Bozsoki, Agnes. "Partnervárosok Névsora Partner és Testvérvárosok Névsora". City of Székesfehérvár (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 2012-12-08. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
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External links
