Northampton, Western Australia
| Northampton Western Australia | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Hampton Street | |||||||||
  Northampton | |||||||||
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| Coordinates | 28°21′04″S 114°37′41″E / 28.35111°S 114.62806°E | ||||||||
| Population | 821 (UCL 2021)[1] | ||||||||
| Established | 1864 | ||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 6535 | ||||||||
| Area | 11.8 km2 (4.6 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Location | |||||||||
| LGA(s) | Shire of Northampton | ||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Moore | ||||||||
| Federal division(s) | Durack | ||||||||
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Northampton is a town 52 kilometres (32 mi) north of Geraldton, in the Mid West region of Western Australia. At the 2011 census, the town had a population of 868.[2] The town contains a National Trust building. The town lies on the North West Coastal Highway. Originally called The Mines, Northampton was gazetted in 1864 and named after the colony's Governor, John Hampton. The town was sited in the Nokanena Brook valley, between the hamlets around the two major copper mines in the area, the Wanerenooka and the Gwalla.[3]
It was the service town to the micronation, the Principality of Hutt River.
The town is known for its many wildflowers. Cave paintings at the Bowes River turnoff show that the region has been inhabited by Indigenous Australians.
The surrounding areas produce wheat and other cereal crops. The town has a receival site for Cooperative Bulk Handling.[4]
History
[edit]Lead ore was first found by explorer James Perry Walcott, a member of Augustus Charles Gregory's party, in 1848 in the bed of the Murchison River, establishing the mining industry in Western Australia.[5][6][7] By 1864, 980 tons of lead ore and 230 tons of copper ore were exported from the district, representing 14% of the colony's total annual exports, exceeded only by wool (52%) and sandalwood (18%).[8] By 1877 the district's exports of copper and lead ores had grown 350% and were the colony's second largest export, still at 14% of the total, after wool (53%).[9]
The town was left under water by flooding in 1900 following torrential rainfall. The bridge over Nokanena Brook was swamped, with extensive damage; the water levels were the highest recorded in ten years.[10]
In 1936, 4,628 tons of lead were produced from the Northampton field, followed by 6,163 tons in 1937. Most of this came from the Grand Junction mine, which was closed in 1938.[11]
The Northampton State Battery opened in 1954 and operated for about 30 years leaving large amounts of tailings stockpiled. Locals removed the waste to use in buildings and other construction works. The battery was demolished in 2010 with the remaining tailings being sealed in a containment cell.[12]
An investigation into lead contamination in the town commenced in 2013. The Northampton Lead Tailings Project aims to collect information on all land parcels around the town to determine extent of the distribution of lead tailings, which contain about 3% lead, in the area.[12]
In April 2021 the town suffered serious damage from Tropical Cyclone Seroja after making landfall as an Australian scale Category 3 system north of nearby Gregory.[13]
Heritage
[edit]Northampton is one of the oldest towns in Western Australia, having been declared a townsite in 1864. It was classified as a "historic town" by the National Trust of Australia (WA) in 1993 in recognition of the important heritage buildings that have been conserved and which are still in use there.[14] Notable among them are two buildings by the eminent priest architect Mgr Hawes. Most important is the Church of Our Lady in Ara Coeli, built c. 1936. It is a romantic Neo Gothic, hammer dressed, sandstone building with some Arts and Crafts elements. Next to the church is the Convent of the Sacred Heart, also by Mgr Hawes, built in 1919 in a more conventional two storied Australian style with its deep sun-shading wooden verandahs. Both buildings are on the Permanent Register of the State Heritage Register of Western Australia.
- Mgr Hawes's Buildings
-
West front of the Church of Our Lady in Ara Coeli -
Church of Our Lady in Ara Coeli, interior -
Former Sacred Heart Convent
Transport
[edit]The first Western Australian government railway was constructed from Geraldton to Northampton, a distance of 33 miles 25 chains, and opened on 26 July 1879. An extension from Northampton to Ajana of 33 miles 5 chains was opened on 13 March 1913. The line closed on 29 April 1957.[15][16][17][18][19]
Notable residents
[edit]- Sir David Brand (1912–1979), 19th Premier of Western Australia
- William Burges (c. 1806–1876), established Bowes Estate, pastoralist, resident magistrate, MLC
- Jamie Cripps, Australian rules footballer
- Patrick Cripps Australian rules footballer
- John Drew (1865–1947), newspaper publisher, anti-federationist, Colonial Secretary, Minister for Agriculture, Minister for Lands, Minister for Education.
- Paul Hasleby, Australian rules footballer
- Herbert Johnson (1889–1962), federal Minister for the Interior
- Josh J. Kennedy, Australian rules footballer
- Andrew Lockyer, Australian rules footballer
- Samuel Mitchell (c. 1838–1912), pioneer of the mining industry in Western Australia, MLC, MLA
- Bradley John Murdoch, convicted murderer of English backpacker Peter Falconio
- Harry Taylor, Australian rules footballer
- Brynn Teakle, Australian rules footballer
References
[edit]- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Northampton (urban centre and locality)". Australian Census 2021.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics. "Northampton (L)". 2011 census QuickStats. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
- ^ Wright, Judy (2006). Selling Sparrows. Dunstable, Bedfordshire: J.H. Wright & The Book Castle. p. 389. ISBN 978-0955351600.
- ^ "CBH receival sites" (PDF). 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
- ^ Gregory, A.C. (1852). "The Settlers' Expedition to the Northward from Perth, under Mr Assistant-Surveyor A.C. Gregory". The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society. 22: 66. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
- ^ Birman, Mary (1979). Gregory of Rainworth : a man in his time. Nedlands, WA: University of Western Australia Press. p. 32. ISBN 0855641657.
- ^ Gregory, A.C. (25 November 1848). "Geological Remarks". The Perth Gazette and Independent Journal of Politics and News. p. 2. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
- ^ "Exports". The Inquirer and Commercial News. Perth, WA. 2 November 1864. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
- ^ Vogel, Julius (5 February 1879). "The British Colonies - Western Australia". The Inquirer and Commercial News. Perth, WA. p. 1. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
- ^ "The weather in the Country". The West Australian. Perth: National Library of Australia. 19 June 1900. p. 6. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
- ^ "Northampton lead output". The West Australian. Perth: National Library of Australia. 25 May 1938. p. 16. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
- ^ a b "Lead inspections begin in WA town". The West Australian. Yahoo 7. 15 September 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
- ^ Weber, David (11 April 2021). "Holiday town decimated after tropical cyclone travels unusually far south down WA coast". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
- ^ Sellers, Annette (June 1993), "Northampton, awarded National Trust historic town status", Trust News (Western Australia) (182): 4–8
- ^ Rogers, Phillipa (compiler) (2007) The First Government Railway 1879–1957: Geraldton to Northampton and onwards in The Westland special edition Issue 256.
- ^ "Railway Jubilee". Geraldton Guardian. WA. 11 December 1928. p. 3. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ^ Western Australian Government Railways Commission (1948), Report on the working of the government railways for the year ended 30th June, Govt. Printer, retrieved 26 May 2012 page 64, appendix G.
- ^ "A New Railway". The Daily News. Perth. 5 February 1913. p. 8. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ^ Milne, Rod (2001) Rails to Ajana Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin, February, 2001 pp. 45-53
Further reading
[edit]- Gibbs, M. (1997) Landscapes of Meaning – Joseph Lucas Horrocks and the Gwalla Estate, Northampton, Western Australia. Historical Traces: Studies in Western Australian History, No. 17. University of Western Australia Press.
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