Hachirō Arita

Hachirō Arita
有田 八郎
Arita in 1936
Minister of Foreign Affairs Empire of Japan
In office March 1936 – February 1937
Preceded by	Kōki Hirota
Succeeded by	Senjūrō Hayashi
In office 29 October 1938 – 5 January 1939
Preceded by	Kazushige Ugaki
Succeeded by	Nobuyuki Abe
In office 16 January 1940 – 22 July 1940
Preceded by	Kichisaburō Nomura
Succeeded by	Yōsuke Matsuoka
Personal details
Born	(1884-09-21)September 21, 1884 Sado, Niigata, Empire of Japan
Died	March 4, 1965(1965-03-04) (aged 80) Tokyo, Japan
Alma mater	Tokyo Imperial University

Hachirō Arita (有田 八郎, Arita Hachirō, 21 September 1884 – 4 March 1965) was a Japanese politician and diplomat who served as the Minister for Foreign Affairs for three terms. He is believed to have originated the concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.

Biography

Arita was born on the island of Sado in Niigata Prefecture. He joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after graduation in 1909 from the Law School of Tokyo Imperial University, and established himself as an expert on Asian affairs. Arita was on the Japanese delegation to the Versailles Peace Treaty Conference of 1919, and in his early career also was stationed at the Japanese consulates in Mukden and in Honolulu. He served as Japanese ambassador to Austria in 1930. He returned to Japan to briefly serve as Vice Foreign Minister in 1932, but returned to Europe in 1933 as Japanese ambassador to Belgium.

Arita became Foreign Minister under the cabinet of Prime Minister Kōki Hirota in 1936, and continued to serve in that post under the administrations of Fumimaro Konoe and Kiichirō Hiranuma and Mitsumasa Yonai. He was also a member of the House of Peers in the Diet of Japan from 1938.

Arita was an opponent of the Tripartite Pact, and continually pushed for better relations with the United States. However, with the increasing power and influence of the military in Japanese politics, he was repeatedly forced to make compromises.

After the end of the war, Arita successfully ran for a seat in the House of Representatives in 1953. He attempted to run for the office of Governor of Tokyo in 1955 and again in 1959, but lost both elections. He died in 1965, and his grave is at the Tama Cemetery in Fuchū, Tokyo.

Private affairs

Arita was a well-known political figure and his adultery with the hostess of a Ginza nightclub was publicized by the novel Utage no ato (宴のあと, After the Banquet) by Yukio Mishima. After its publication in 1960, Arita sued Mishima for invasion of privacy. The Tokyo District Court ruled in favor of Arita in 1963, marking the first time the right to privacy of a public figure had been recognized by a Japanese court.

References

Books

• Bix, Herbert P. (2001). Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan. Harper Perennial. ISBN 0-06-093130-2.
• Pyle, Kenneth B. (2007). Japan Rising: The Resurgence of Japanese Power And Purpose. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-417-0.
• Beasley, W.G. (2007). The Rise of Modern Japan, 3rd Edition: Political, Economic, and Social Change since 1850. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-312-23373-0.

External links

• Hachirō Arita at Find a Grave
• Newspaper clippings about Hachirō Arita in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW