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Hawker 800

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Hawker 800
Hawker 800XP owned by Allaero at Blackpool Airport 2004.
Role Mid-size business jet
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer British Aerospace (1983-1994)
Raytheon (1994–2007)
Hawker Beechcraft (2007-2013)
First flight 26 June 1983
Status Production completed
Primary users Japan Air Self-Defense Force
Brazilian Air Force
Royal Saudi Air Force
Produced 1983–2013
Number built 650
Developed from British Aerospace BAe 125

The Hawker 800 is a mid-size twinjet corporate aircraft. It is a development of the British Aerospace BAe 125, and was assembled by Hawker Beechcraft.

Development

In April 1981, the British Aerospace Board sanctioned the programme to improve the British Aerospace 125-700 series. By May 1983 the new aircraft was ready for its first test flight.

The BAe 125-800 series has a number of modifications and changes over the 700, the most noticeable being the redesigned cockpit windscreen. Accompanying this are a modified rear fuselage fairing, as well as a glass cockpit and uprated (from 3,700 to 4,300 lb thrust) Garrett TFE731-5R-1H engines. British Aerospace also improved the wing by incorporating new outer wing sections. This helped to reduce drag and improve aerodynamic efficiency.

The 125-800 series would become a sales success. From the first BAe 125 flight in August 1961 it took nineteen years until the 500th airframe was sold. In a little over five years, British Aerospace were registering the 200th sale of the 800 series.

In 1994 Raytheon (which bought Beech Aircraft Corporation in 1980) acquired Corporate Jets. The new entity being known as Raytheon Aircraft. In March 2007, Raytheon divested its aircraft manufacturing business to Hawker Beechcraft Corp., a company formed and controlled by GS Capital Partners and Onex Partners of Canada.

The last version was the Hawker 850XP, which was certified for operation in March 2006. The 850XP is identical to the 800XP except that it includes winglets, which have extended its operating range by 100 nautical miles (190 km). This version also incorporates upgraded avionics and a redesigned interior. The Hawker 850XP essentially fills the gap left behind by the Hawker 1000 when production of that aircraft ceased.

Two new variants were announced in October 2006 for future deliveries:[1]

  • The Hawker 750, in which the ventral fuel tank is replaced by an externally accessed baggage pannier, which reduces range slightly.
  • The Hawker 900XP, using new Honeywell TFE731-50BR engines for increased range

After the 2013 bankruptcy of Hawker Beechcraft, the surviving company, Beechcraft, discontinued its business jet range, including the 800 series, although the designs are still supported for parts.

Design

Raytheon Hawker 800

The Hawker 800 is similar to most modern airframes in requiring sub-assemblies to be constructed away from the final point of manufacture. The fuselage sections, wings and control surfaces are manufactured and assembled in the United Kingdom in a combination of Hawker Beechcraft's own facility and those owned by Airbus UK, which inherited much of BAE Systems's civil aircraft manufacturing capacity. These sections are partially fitted out and installed with control surfacing and major systems before being shipped to Hawker Beechcraft's main manufacturing site in Wichita, Kansas for final assembly, fitting out and testing.

Military variants

Japan Air Self-Defense Force U-125A at Yokota Air Base, Tokyo, Japan, 2009

Japan uses a maritime search and rescue variant of the Hawker 800. It is designated the U-125A in Japan Air Self-Defense Force service. This variant has large observation windows, a flare and marker-buoy dispenser system, life-raft and emergency equipment dropping system and enhanced salt water corrosion prevention. The aircraft also has a Toshiba 360-degree search radar, Melco thermal imaging equipment and other military communications equipment for its mission.[2]

A military version of the Hawker 800XP is in use by South Korea for tactical aerial reconnaissance, surveillance and SIGINT (SIGnals INTelligence) tasks, and 8 specially equipped aircraft were delivered in 2000. The Republic of Korea Air Force calls them RC-800s, and they are based at Seoul Air Base.[3]

Variants

A Hawker 850XP takes off
A Hawker 800SP
Hawker 900XP of Ministry of Health (Turkey)
  • Hawker 750

With 48 built, this lower-cost, lighter-weight and shorter-range version of the 800XP competes with the Citation XLS and Learjet 60. In November 2017, used prices range from $2.2 million for early 2008 models to 3.8 million for late 2011 models. Its larger 604 cu ft (17.1 m3) cabin is typically configured with eight seats in double club or a four chair club followed by a three-place divan facing a single seat, and is pressurized by 8.5 psi (0.59 bar) to provides a 7,500 ft (2,300 m) cabin altitude at FL 410. Its 1,500 lb (680 kg) ventral fuel tank is replaced with a 47 cu ft (1.3 m3) external baggage compartment, leaving 8,500 lb (3,900 kg) of fuel in the wet wings. The cockpit has four-screen Rockwell Collins Pro Line 21 avionics and FMS-6000.[4]

It takes off in 4,696 ft (1,431 m) at MTOW/Sea level. With a 20° quarter chord wing sweep, its maximum speed is Mach 0.80, it cruises at Mach 0.74 to 0.78 and long-range cruise is Mach 0.70 at 1,214 lb (551 kg) per hour midweight. First hour fuel burn is 1,900 lb (860 kg), second hour is 1,350 and 1,200 lb (610 and 540 kg) for subsequent hours.[4]

B-checks are every 800 h, C-checks every 1,600 h and D-checks every 3,200 h and there are yearly maintenance checks. The landing gear is overhauled every 12 years. Its 4,750 lbf (21.1 kN) Honeywell TFE731-5BR have 2,100 h MPI and 4,200 h CZI inspection intervals, extendable to 2,500 h / 5,000 h with optional service bulletins, and MSP per engine.[4]

  • Hawker 800
  • Hawker 800XP

Able to fly nine passengers over 2,400 nmi, 475 Hawker 800XP have been sold for $10-13.5 million between 1995 and 2005. By July 2018, 467 were still in service, valued $1.4-2.4 million.[5]

  • Hawker 800XP Pro Line
  • Hawker 800XPi
  • Hawker 850XP
  • Hawker 900XP
  • U-125
  • RC-800
  • C-29

Operators

Civil operators

The aircraft is operated by private individuals, companies and executive charter operators, and in fractional ownership programs.

Military operators

 Brazil
 Japan
 Malawi
 Mozambique
Mozambique Air Force[6]
 Nigeria
 Pakistan
 Saudi Arabia
 South Korea

Accidents and incidents

NTSB investigators on the scene of 2015 crash with wreckage of Hawker 800

10 November 2015: An aircraft identified as a Hawker 800 crashed into an apartment complex in Akron, Ohio shortly before 15:00 EST in rainy weather while on approach to Akron Fulton International Airport.[8] Witnesses reported hearing a loud explosion, and seeing smoke/flames as the crash occurred. All nine occupants of the aircraft, including both pilots, were killed.[9] The National Transportation Safety Board reported the crash was caused by pilot error, an FAA inspection issue, and charter company operations issues.[10][11]

Specifications (Hawker 850XP)

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2 pilots
  • Capacity: 8 passengers typical, 13 maximum

Performance

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References

Notes
  1. ^ "2006 BIZAV REVIEW". avbuyer.com. Archived from the original on 2009-02-27. Retrieved 2008-07-31. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "U-125 Peace Krypton". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 2008-07-31. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ "South Korea Spends $200M on RC-800 Fleet Maintenance & Ground Stations". defenseindustrydaily.com. Retrieved 2008-07-31. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  4. ^ a b c Fred George (Nov 21, 2017). "Hawker 750: Operators Say Dispatch Reliability Is Rock Solid". Business & Commercial Aviation.
  5. ^ Fred George (Jul 20, 2018). "Hawker 800XP: The Definitive Midsize Business Aircraft". Business & Commercial Aviation.
  6. ^ Isby, David C.; Willis, David (December 2013). "Mozambique Rebuilding its Air Force". Air International. Vol. 85, no. 6. p. 26. ISSN 0306-5634.
  7. ^ "Pakistan Navy Hawker 850XL Delivered". Air International. Vol. 79, no. 3. p. 5. ISSN 0306-5634.
  8. ^ "Nine killed aboard charter plane that crashed Tuesday into Ellet apartment building in Akron". Akron Beacon Journal (Ohio.com). Retrieved 2015-11-10. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ "No survivors after plane crashes into apartment building on Mogadore Road in Akron". WEWS Cleveland (NewsNet5.com). Archived from the original on 2015-11-10. Retrieved 2015-11-10. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "CEN16MA036". www.ntsb.gov. Retrieved 2016-10-31.
  11. ^ Allen Cone (18 October 2016). "NTSB: Akron plane crash caused by 'litany of failures'". UPI. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
Bibliography
  • Gunston, Bill. Hawker: The story of the 125. (Airworthy Publications International Limited, 1996, ISBN 0-9528845-0-X)
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