Indian hedgehog (protein)

For the Turkish Islamic relief organization, see IHH (Turkish NGO).

IHH
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3K7G, 3K7H, 3K7I, 3K7J, 3N1F, 3N1M, 3N1O, 3N1P
Identifiers
Aliases	IHH, BDA1, HHG2, indian hedgehog, Indian hedgehog signaling molecule
External IDs	OMIM: 600726; MGI: 96533; HomoloGene: 22586; GeneCards: IHH; OMA:IHH - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) Band 2q35 Start 219,054,424 bp End 219,060,921 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) Band 1 C4|1 38.55 cM Start 74,984,474 bp End 74,990,831 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in tibia rectum duodenum jejunal mucosa pylorus body of stomach endometrium caput epididymis right lobe of liver fundus Top expressed in forearm humerus tibia epithelium of stomach epiphyseal plate yolk sac left colon ulna pyloric antrum jejunum More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function calcium ion binding metal ion binding peptidase activity hydrolase activity patched binding protein binding Cellular component membrane plasma membrane extracellular region extracellular space extracellular matrix Biological process response to estradiol maternal process involved in female pregnancy positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation cell-cell signaling negative regulation of apoptotic process proteolysis multicellular organism development intein-mediated protein splicing smoothened signaling pathway positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II skeletal system development ossification branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis osteoblast differentiation in utero embryonic development cell fate specification morphogenesis of a branching structure vasculature development heart looping positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation epithelial cell morphogenesis retinal pigment epithelium development chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis proteoglycan metabolic process pattern specification process positive regulation of cell population proliferation embryonic pattern specification cell differentiation vitelline membrane formation pancreas development positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process negative regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus positive regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus multicellular organism growth chondrocyte proliferation regulation of growth embryonic digit morphogenesis camera-type eye development bone resorption negative regulation of cell differentiation positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation negative regulation of eye pigmentation cell maturation embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis neuron development smooth muscle tissue development cartilage development camera-type eye photoreceptor cell fate commitment head morphogenesis somite development embryonic skeletal joint development epithelial cell-cell adhesion response to mechanical stimulus liver regeneration regulation of gene expression Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3549 16147 Ensembl ENSG00000163501 ENSMUSG00000006538 UniProt Q14623 P97812 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002181 NM_010544 NM_001313683 RefSeq (protein) NP_002172 NP_001300612 NP_034674 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 219.05 – 219.06 Mb Chr 1: 74.98 – 74.99 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Indian hedgehog homolog (Drosophila), also known as IHH, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IHH gene. This cell signaling protein is in the hedgehog signaling pathway. The several mammalian variants of the Drosophila hedgehog gene (which was the first named) have been named after the various species of hedgehog; the Indian hedgehog is honored by this one. The gene is not specific to Indian hedgehogs.

Function

The Indian hedgehog protein is one of three proteins in the mammalian hedgehog family, the others being desert hedgehog (DHH) and sonic hedgehog (SHH). It is involved in chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation and maturation especially during endochondral ossification. It regulates its effects by feedback control of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP).

Further reading

• St-Jacques B, Hammerschmidt M, McMahon AP (August 1999). "Indian hedgehog signaling regulates proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes and is essential for bone formation". Genes Dev. 13 (16): 2072–86. doi:10.1101/gad.13.16.2072. PMC 316949. PMID 10465785.
• Karp SJ, Schipani E, St-Jacques B, Hunzelman J, Kronenberg H, McMahon AP (February 2000). "Indian hedgehog coordinates endochondral bone growth and morphogenesis via parathyroid hormone related-protein-dependent and -independent pathways". Development. 127 (3): 543–8. PMID 10631175.
• Minina E, Wenzel HM, Kreschel C, Karp S, Gaffield W, McMahon AP, Vortkamp A (November 2001). "BMP and Ihh/PTHrP signaling interact to coordinate chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation". Development. 128 (22): 4523–34. PMID 11714677.
• Vortkamp A, Lee K, Lanske B, Segre GV, Kronenberg HM, Tabin CJ (August 1996). "Regulation of rate of cartilage differentiation by Indian hedgehog and PTH-related protein". Science. 273 (5275): 613–22. doi:10.1126/science.273.5275.613. PMID 8662546.
• Zhang D, Schwarz EM, Rosier RN, Zuscik MJ, Puzas JE, O'Keefe RJ (September 2003). "ALK2 functions as a BMP type I receptor and induces Indian hedgehog in chondrocytes during skeletal development". J. Bone Miner. Res. 18 (9): 1593–604. doi:10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.9.1593. PMID 12968668.
• Long F, Zhang XM, Karp S, Yang Y, McMahon AP (December 2001). "Genetic manipulation of hedgehog signaling in the endochondral skeleton reveals a direct role in the regulation of chondrocyte proliferation". Development. 128 (24): 5099–108. PMID 11748145.