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Inter City Firm

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Inter City Firm
Founding locationEast London
Years active1978–Present
TerritoryEast London
EthnicityPredominantly White English
Criminal activitiesFootball hooliganism, riots, fighting

The Inter City Firm (ICF) is an English football hooligan firm mainly active in the 1970s, 1980s and early 1990s, associated with West Ham United and widely regarded as the first properly organised hooligan firm. The name came from the use of InterCity trains used to travel to away games.[1] The ICF was still active in 2014.[2][3]

Notable associates

One figure associated with the ICF was Cass Pennant,[4] who wrote on football hooliganism in the 1990s and 2000s. He is the subject of the film Cass, which was released on 1 August 2008.[5] In Congratulations You Have Just Met the ICF, Pennant, a black Londoner, maintains that the ICF was not racist or right-wing.

The main character within the film Rise of the Footsoldier, Carlton Leach is also associated with the ICF. He, along with Pat Tate, Tony Tucker and Craig Rolfe, later started to get involved in the criminal underworld in London. They strayed away from the dangers of football fights, to focus on selling drugs and taxing dealers. Pat, Tony and Craig met a brutal end, when they were murdered in their Range Rover on a farm road in Rettendon, Essex.

In the foreword to Manchester United hooligan Colin Blaney's book 'Undesirables: The Inside Story of the Inter City Jibbers', Cass Pennant has stated that he is now friendly with members of various other firms,[6] including Manchester United and Manchester City, suggesting that some of the rivalries of yesteryear have now died down.

Calling cards

The ICF pioneered calling cards that were left on victims.[7] They read "Congratulations, you've just met the ICF." Leeds United Service Crew copied this from the ICF. This became, "Congratulations you've just met the famous ICF," when the ICF were the subject of a Thames Television documentary, Hooligan, which featured ICF members including Cass Pennant.

The ICF were the basis of Alan Clarke's 1988 film, The Firm. Gary Oldman plays Bex Bissell, the leader of the ICC - Inter City Crew. Members of the ICF were used as consultants on the film.[1] The 2005 film Green Street was based on the ICF, but not by name. Instead, the initials GSE (Green Street Elite) were used. The ICF make an appearance in Irvine Welsh's novellas Ecstasy: Three Tales of Chemical Romance. The ICF are also suggested in the 2009 film Green Street 2: Stand Your Ground. The ICF also make a return as the GSE in Green Street 3: Never Back Down.

References

  1. ^ a b Haley, A.J. (2001). "British Soccer Superhooligans, Emergence and Establishment: 1982-2000". The Sport Journal:. 4. United States Sports Academy. Archived from the original on 2007-06-15. Retrieved 2007-08-08.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  2. ^ http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/violence-flares-newcastle-united-fans-7556449
  3. ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2396987/Hooligan-jailed-arranging-violence-West-Ham-Millwall.html
  4. ^ "Cass Pennant Author & Hooliologist". casspennant.com. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
  5. ^ "Cass". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
  6. ^ Blaney, Colin (2014). Undesirables. John Blake. pp. x. ISBN 978-1782198970.
  7. ^ "Violence at West Ham is proof that hooliganism has never gone away". www.timesonline.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-02-02.
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