Jerusalem central bus station

The Jerusalem Central Bus Station

The Jerusalem Central Bus Station (Template:Lang-he, HaTahanah HaMerkazit Shel Yerushalayim) is the main bus depot in Jerusalem, Israel and one of the busiest bus stations in the country. Located on Jaffa Road near the entrance to the city, it serves Egged, Superbus and Dan intercity bus routes. City buses and light rail trains pick up and discharge passengers across the street on Jaffa Road and on Zalman Shazar Boulevard, which can be accessed via an underground pedestrian passageway.

History

Central Bus Station, 1930s

The Central Bus Station opened in September 2001 on the site of the old Jerusalem Bus Station, built in the 1960s. The old station was a long, single-story building with an open-air bus depot behind it. Passengers embarked and disembarked at curbside on an outdoor platform. In the 1950s, the main bus station was located in the heart of downtown Jerusalem, behind the Pillar Building ("Binyan Ha'amudim") on Jaffa Road.

Jerusalem's new bus station was commissioned in order to accommodate the increasing flow of bus traffic as well as to implement security protocols for screening incoming and outgoing passengers. During construction of the new bus station, operations were moved to a large, two-level parking lot several blocks east on Jaffa Road.

Interior design

Interior of the departures garage on the third floor

The new Central Bus Station has two levels of underground parking, three main levels, and five upper floors of office space. The first main level is a shopping concourse and food court. The second main level serves as both a shopping concourse and the arrivals hall for incoming intercity bus passengers. Since the building is constructed on the side of a hill, the first and second main levels both have a ground-level entrance/exit to Jaffa Road. Besides retail stores, the concourse includes bakery outlets, a video game parlor, and free-standing gift sellers.

The third main level serves as the departures hall, with 22 bus platforms. Passengers wait at numbered doors for the bus to pull into its slot in the indoor parking lot, then go through the door into the indoor garage to board. Large digital display boards post upcoming departure times.

While most platforms accommodate more than one bus route, popular routes, such as Jerusalem-Tel Aviv, have their own designated platform and run more frequently.

Israeli soldiers wait to board intercity buses at an indoor platform on the third floor.

Passengers and their baggage are screened by security personnel every time they enter the Central Bus Station building. That is, departing passengers must go through security clearance when they enter the building from Jaffa Road and may then board buses without additional security checks. Passengers arriving in Jerusalem are dropped off in the garage on the other side of the building. They may choose to exit out to the street—in which case they do not need to pass through security—or to go into the bus station building—in which case they must go through a security check. People wishing to visit only the shopping concourses must also clear security. As is the case for most commercial security checkpoints in Israel, gun owners are exempt from security searches, it being presumed that anyone who has been vetted by the government to carry a loaded firearm in public has no criminal or terrorist intentions. In addition to building security, Egged has its own team of uniformed security personnel patrolling the indoor bus parking lots. In practice, however, the screening is poorly implemented; passengers and visitors can enter the building without passing through screening.

Indoor air pollution

In October 2013 the Environmental Protection Ministry of Israel officially declared the indoor garage where passengers board the buses to be "an excessively polluted space and an endangerment to public health". The levels of nitrogen oxide and respirable particulates generated by exhaust were said to be in violation of Israel's Clean Air Law. In 2012 the bus station received a fine of NIS 708,224 for air pollution, which is still being discussed in court, and in September 2011 the Environmental Protection Ministry ordered the management to "completely separate the bus platform and the building's interior due to high pollution levels".

Train stations

Jerusalem Light Rail Red Line
Neve Yaakov Yitzhak Tabenkin Mazal Keshet Moshe Dayan North Heil Ha-Avir Sayeret Dukhifat Pisgat Ze'ev Center Yekuti'el Adam Beit 'Hanina Shu'afat Es-Sahl Depot Giv'at Ha-Mivtar Ammunition Hill Shim'on Ha-Tsadik Shivtei Israel Damascus Gate City Hall Jaffa Center Ha-Davidka Mahane Yehuda Ha-Turim Central Bus Station Kiryat Moshe He-'Halutz Denia Square Yefeh Nof Mount Herzl Shmaryahu Levin Kiryat HaYovel West Mifletzet Park Henrietta Szold East Kiryat Menachem Ora Junction Medical School Hadassah Ein Kerem

A station of the Jerusalem Light Rail system is behind the bus stops in front of the Central Bus Station building. A new Heavy rail station, Jerusalem Binyanei HaUma Railway Station, of the planned high-speed Israel Railways line from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, is being constructed in the outdoor square between the Central Bus Station on Jaffa Road and Shazar Boulevard, it will be an underground terminus, scheduled to open in 2017.

There are future plans to extend the high-speed train line from the Central Bus Station to the Jerusalem Malha Train Station, the terminus of the current old railroad.

Intercity platform list

Plat №	Lines	Destination
1	948, 949	Samaria
2	187, 420	Har Adar, Beit Shemesh
3	415, 416	Beit Shemesh
4	444, 445, 486, 487	Dead Sea and Eilat
5
6	160, 440	Southern Judea
7	443, 446, 460	Netivot, Be'er Sheva, Kiryat Gat
8	470	Be'er Sheva
9	436, 437	Ashkelon
10	438, 448	Ashdod
11	404, 406, 408, 456,	Holon, Lod, Tzrifin
12	403, 431, 432, 433	Rishon LeZion, Ramla
13	434, 435, 439, 447	Rehovot, Yavne
14	405	Tel Aviv
15	431, 432, 433, 456, 480	Rishon LeZion, Tel Aviv
16	480	Tel Aviv
17	947, 950	Haifa
18	930, 942, 944, 947, 950	Haifa, Netanya, Hadera, Herzliya
19	940, 960	Haifa
20	953, 959, 962, 963	Afula, Tiberias, Kiryat Shmona
21	955, 961, 966, 968	Nazareth Illit, Beit Shean, Katzrin, Karmiel
22	400, 401, 425, 427	Bnei Barak, Ra'anana
53	277, 402, 407, 417, 426, 492, 494, 952, 982, 996, 997, 999	Different locations around Israel and local lines to subrubs. Mainly lines to the Orthodox sector.
54, Ubran lines	127, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 151, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178	Mevaseret Zion, Giv'at Ze'ev, Ma'ale Adumim
54, Intercity lines	140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 147, 148, 161, 164, 165, 167, 169, 180, 181, 183, 185, 186, 188, 189, 192, 194, 195, 261, 266, 453, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 670	Different locations around Israel and local lines to subrubs.

Haredi buses

Shopping concourse

The decision to include a shopping concourse within the bus station was criticized by the Haredi community. After Haredi activists petitioned the Ministry of Transportation to allow Egged to open a departure point for buses traveling to Haredi destinations that would board outside the Central Bus Station, Egged opened a special platform where passengers boarding its Route 400 to Bnei Brak sit in relative privacy. In addition, the bus company agreed to launch a "mehadrin" Route 402 between Jerusalem and Bnei Brak. This route departs from Egged's city bus terminus at Har Hotzvim in northern Jerusalem, accommodating Haredi riders who wish to avoid the Central Bus Station altogether. The Har Hotzvim terminus has expanded to include "mehadrin" bus departures to other Haredi destinations such as Safed, Ashdod, Haifa, Arad, Kiryat Ata and more. In a ruling of January 2011, the Israeli High Court of Justice stated the unlawfulness of gender segregation and abolished the “mehadrin” public buses. However, the court rule allowed the continuation of the gender segregation in public buses on a voluntary basis for a one-year experimental period.

Kosher McDonald's controversy

A second bone of contention was the opening of a McDonald's franchise in the food court. Most McDonald's restaurants, including the one in the Jerusalem city center, do not have kashrut certification from the rabbinate. Although this McDonald's franchise was in the process of applying for a kashrut certificate, and even completed its construction accordingly, the rabbinate conditioned its certification on McDonald's making its other outlets in the city kosher. When McDonald's decided to open a kosher branch but without a certificate, Haredi activists threatened a boycott. The Natzba real-estate firm which owns the bus station canceled McDonald's contract. McDonald's took it to court and won; Natzba was forced to pay it 100,000 shekels in trial expenses. McDonald's opened its franchise in the Central Bus Station, following halachic obligations, but without rabbinical supervision. The Haredi boycott never materialized.

In January 2010, McDonalds reopened with a kosher certificate from the Jerusalem rabbinate, after the company agreed to make changes to satisfy the rabbis. The signs are blue, instead of the traditional red, with "kosher" written in English and Hebrew in big letters. The disposable cartons, bags, wraps, and place mats, are also blue and bear no golden arches, and the staff wears special uniforms.

See also

• Tel Aviv Central Bus Station
• List of Egged bus routes in Israel

External links

• Dan Homepage, English
• Egged Homepage, English
• Superbus Homepage, Hebrew
• Rosenthal, Morris (December 2006). "Jerusalem Transportation - Buses and Taxis". The Serial Tourist's Guide to Jerusalem.
• Neiman, Rachel (March 21, 2011). "Nostalgia Sunday – Old Central Bus Station: Jerusalem". IsraelityBlog.
• A nostalgic website dedicated to HAMEKASHER bus company operated in Jerusalem 1931-1967