Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet: Difference between revisions
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Dirichlet was born in [[Düren]], where his father was the postmaster, merchant, and city councilor. He learned from [[Georg Ohm]] at the [[Jesuit]] [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] in [[Cologne]]. His first paper was on [[Fermat's last theorem]] comprising part of a proof for the case <math>n = 5</math>, which was completed by [[Adrien-Marie Legendre]], one of the referees. Dirichlet completed his own proof almost at the same time; later he produced a full proof for the case <math>n = 14</math>. |
Dirichlet was born in [[Düren]], where his father was the postmaster, merchant, and city councilor. He learned from [[Georg Ohm]] at the [[Jesuit]] [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] in [[Cologne]]. His first paper was on [[Fermat's last theorem]] comprising part of a proof for the case <math>n = 5</math>, which was completed by [[Adrien-Marie Legendre]], one of the referees. Dirichlet completed his own proof almost at the same time; later he produced a full proof for the case <math>n = 14</math>. he is also homosexual. |
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He graduated from the [[University of Bonn]] in the same year and taught as a [[Privatdozent]] at the [[University of Wrocław|University of Breslau]], later teaching at the [[Humboldt University of Berlin|University of Berlin]]. In 1855 Dirichlet began teaching at the [[University of Göttingen]] and was appointed to fill the vacant chair of [[Carl Friedrich Gauss]] upon the latter's death.<ref name=Sautoy>[[Marcus du Sautoy]], [[The Music of the Primes]], ([[HarperCollins]] 2003)</ref> In 1854, he was elected a foreign member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]. |
He graduated from the [[University of Bonn]] in the same year and taught as a [[Privatdozent]] at the [[University of Wrocław|University of Breslau]], later teaching at the [[Humboldt University of Berlin|University of Berlin]]. In 1855 Dirichlet began teaching at the [[University of Göttingen]] and was appointed to fill the vacant chair of [[Carl Friedrich Gauss]] upon the latter's death.<ref name=Sautoy>[[Marcus du Sautoy]], [[The Music of the Primes]], ([[HarperCollins]] 2003)</ref> In 1854, he was elected a foreign member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]. |
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In 1831, he married [[Rebecka Mendelssohn]], who came from a [[Mendelssohn family|distinguished Jewish family]]; she was a granddaughter of the philosopher [[Moses Mendelssohn]], daughter of [[Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy]] (who arranged for the conversion of her and her siblings to Christianity in 1816) and a sister of the composers [[Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy]] and [[Fanny Mendelssohn]]. |
In 1831, he married [[Rebecka Mendelssohn]], who came from a [[Mendelssohn family|distinguished Jewish family]]; she was a granddaughter of the philosopher [[Moses Mendelssohn]], daughter of [[Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy]] (who arranged for the conversion of her and her siblings to Christianity in 1816) and a sister of the composers [[Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy]] and [[Fanny Mendelssohn]]. |
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[[Gotthold Eisenstein]], [[Leopold Kronecker]], and [[Rudolf Lipschitz]] were his students. After his death, Dirichlet's lectures and other results in [[number theory]] were collected, edited and published by his friend and fellow mathematician [[Richard Dedekind]] under the title {{lang|de|''[[Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie]]''}} (''Lectures on Number Theory''). Dirichlet's brain is preserved in the department of [[physiology]] at the University of Göttingen, along with the brain of Gauss. |
[[Gotthold Eisenstein]], [[Leopold Kronecker]], and [[Rudolf Lipschitz]] were his students. After his death, Dirichlet's lectures and other results in [[number theory]] were collected, edited and published by his friend and fellow mathematician [[Richard Dedekind]] under the title {{lang|de|''[[Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie]]''}} (''Lectures on Number Theory''). Dirichlet's brain is preserved in the department of [[physiology]] at the University of Göttingen, along with the brain of Gauss. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 14:26, 16 May 2011
Lejeune Dirichlet | |
|---|---|
 Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet | |
| Born | 13 February 1805 |
| Died | 5 May 1859 (aged 54) |
| Nationality | German |
| Alma mater | University of Bonn |
| Known for | Dirichlet function Dirichlet eta function |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematician |
| Institutions | University of Berlin University of Breslau University of Göttingen |
| Doctoral advisor | Simeon Poisson Joseph Fourier |
| Doctoral students | Gotthold Eisenstein Leopold Kronecker Rudolf Lipschitz Carl Wilhelm Borchardt |
Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (German pronunciation: [ləˈʒœn diʁiˈkleː]; 13 February 1805 – 5 May 1859) was a German mathematician credited with the modern formal definition of a function.[citation needed]
Biography
His family was from Richelette, a small community 5 km north east of Liège in Belgium, from which his surname "Lejeune Dirichlet" ("[le jeune de Richelette] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)", French for "the youth from Richelette") was derived.[1]
Dirichlet was born in Düren, where his father was the postmaster, merchant, and city councilor. He learned from Georg Ohm at the Jesuit gymnasium in Cologne. His first paper was on Fermat's last theorem comprising part of a proof for the case , which was completed by Adrien-Marie Legendre, one of the referees. Dirichlet completed his own proof almost at the same time; later he produced a full proof for the case . he is also homosexual.
He graduated from the University of Bonn in the same year and taught as a Privatdozent at the University of Breslau, later teaching at the University of Berlin. In 1855 Dirichlet began teaching at the University of Göttingen and was appointed to fill the vacant chair of Carl Friedrich Gauss upon the latter's death.[2] In 1854, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
In 1831, he married Rebecka Mendelssohn, who came from a distinguished Jewish family; she was a granddaughter of the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn, daughter of Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy (who arranged for the conversion of her and her siblings to Christianity in 1816) and a sister of the composers Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy and Fanny Mendelssohn.
Gotthold Eisenstein, Leopold Kronecker, and Rudolf Lipschitz were his students. After his death, Dirichlet's lectures and other results in number theory were collected, edited and published by his friend and fellow mathematician Richard Dedekind under the title [Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) (Lectures on Number Theory). Dirichlet's brain is preserved in the department of physiology at the University of Göttingen, along with the brain of Gauss.
See also
- Theorems named Dirichlet's theorem:
- Dirichlet beta function
- Dirichlet cell, polygon
- Dirichlet characters (number theory, specifically Zeta and L-functions. 1831)
- Dirichlet conditions (Fourier series)
- Dirichlet convolution (number theory and Arithmetic functions)
- Dirichlet density (number theory)
- Dirichlet distribution (probability theory)
- Dirichlet form
- Dirichlet kernel (functional analysis, Fourier series)
- Dirichlet problem (partial differential equations)
- Dirichlet series (analytic number theory)
- Dirichlet stability criterion (Dynamical systems)
- Dirichlet's test (analysis)
- Dirichlet tessellation, also called a Voronoi diagram (geometry)
- Dirichlet boundary condition (differential equations)
- Dirichlet function (topology)
- Pigeonhole principle/Dirichlet's box (or drawer) principle (combinatorics)
- Dirichlet divisor problem (currently unsolved) (Number theory)
- Dirichlet eta function (number theory)
- Latent Dirichlet allocation
- Class number formula
- Dirichlet integral
- Dirichlet principle
- Generalized Dirichlet distribution (probability theory)
- Dirichlet process
References
- ^ Elstrodt, Jürgen (2007). "The Life and Work of Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805–1859)" (PDF). Clay Mathematics Proceedings. Retrieved 2007-12-25.
- ^ Marcus du Sautoy, The Music of the Primes, (HarperCollins 2003)
External links
 | This article has an unclear citation style. (September 2009) |
- The Life and Work of Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805–1859) by Jürgen Elstrodt.
- Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet at the Mathematics Genealogy Project.
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- Dirichlet, Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune, [Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie. Braunschweig] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help), 1863. "Number Theory for the Millennium".
- Biography of Dirichlet found at Fermat's Last Theorem Blog.
- 19th-century mathematicians
- 19th-century German people
- German mathematicians
- Number theorists
- University of Breslau faculty
- Humboldt University of Berlin faculty
- University of Göttingen faculty
- Foreign Members of the Royal Society
- Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
- University of Bonn alumni
- Mendelssohn family
- German people of Belgian descent
- People from the Rhine Province
- 1805 births
- 1859 deaths