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Karl Anselm, 4th Prince of Thurn and Taxis

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Karl Anselm
Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Period17 March 1773 – 13 November 1805
PredecessorAlexander Ferdinand
SuccessorKarl Alexander
Born(1733-06-02)2 June 1733
Frankfurt am Main, Free Imperial City of Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire
Died13 November 1805(1805-11-13) (aged 72)
Winzer bei Regensburg, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire
SpouseDuchess Auguste of Württemberg
Elisabeth Hildebrand, Frau von Train
IssuePrincess Maria Theresia
Princess Sophie Friederike
Prince Franz Johann Nepomuck
Princess Henrica Karoline
Prince Alexander Karl
Princess Friederike Dorothea
Karl Alexander, 5th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Prince Friedrich Johann Nepomuck
Nikolaus, Herr von Train
Names
Template:Lang-de
HouseHouse of Thurn and Taxis
FatherAlexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis
MotherMargravine Sophie Christine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
ReligionRoman Catholic
St. Emmeram's Basilica (Regensburg), grave of Karl Anselm, Prince of Thurn and Taxis

Karl Anselm of Thurn and Taxis,[1][2] full German name: Karl Anselm Fürst von Thurn und Taxis[1][2] (2 June 1733, Frankfurt am Main, Free Imperial City of Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire[1][2] – 13 November 1805, Winzer bei Regensburg, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire[1][2]) was the fourth Prince of Thurn and Taxis, Postmaster General of the Imperial Reichspost, and Head of the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis from 17 March 1773 until his death on 13 November 1805.[1][2] Karl Anselm served as Prinzipalkommissar at the Perpetual Imperial Diet in Regensburg for Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor and Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor from 1773 to 1797.

Early life

Karl Anselm was the eldest son of Alexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his first wife Margravine Sophie Christine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth.[1][2]

Marriages and family

Karl Anselm married Duchess Auguste of Württemberg, sixth and youngest child of Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg and his wife Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis, on 3 September 1753 in Stuttgart, Duchy of Württemberg.[1][2] Karl Anselm and Auguste had eight children:[1][2]

  • Princess Maria Theresia of Thurn and Taxis (born 10 July 1757 † 9 March 1776)[1][2]
∞ 25 August 1774 Kraft Ernst, Prince of Oettingen-Oettingen
∞ 31 December 1775 Prince Hieronim Wincenty Radziwiłł (11 May 1759-18 September 1786)
∞ around 1795 NN Kazanowski
∞ 1797 to a Count Ostrorog
  • Prince Franz Johann Nepomuck of Thurn and Taxis (baptized 2 October 1759; † 22 January 1760)[1][2]
  • Princess Henrica Karoline of Thurn and Taxis (baptized 25 April 1762; † 25 April 1784)[1][2]
∞ 21 April 1783 with Johannes Aloysius II, Prince of Oettingen-Oettingen and Oettingen-Spielberg
∞ 25 May 1789 with Duchess Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • Prince Friedrich Johann Nepomuck of Thurn and Taxis (born 11 April 1772 † 7 December 1805), unmarried[1][2]

Auguste bore Karl Anselm eight children until 1772.[1][2] After several assassination attempts by his wife, Karl Anselm banished Auguste in January 1776 to strict house arrest at first to Burg Trugenhofen (later renamed Schloss Taxis) in Dischingen and then to Schloss Hornberg in the Black Forest, where she died on 4 June 1787. The couple legally divorced in 1776.[2] Following the death of his first wife, Karl Anselm married that same year morganatically to Elisabeth Hildebrand.[1][2][3]

Acquisition of new territories

Karl Anselm acquired in 1786, the Swabian county of Friedberg-Scheer and had to spend almost the entire proceeds from the Imperial Reichspost. Thereupon the Emperor Joseph II brought the county to "Gefürsteten Grafschaft" status. During the invasion of French troops in the Austrian Netherlands in 1794, the local properties of the Thurn und Taxis family were seized. With the further advance of the French troops, all the possessions of the Thurn and Taxis were lost. To compensate, Karl Anselm was awarded in 1803, according to Article 13 of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (formally the Hauptschluss der außerordentlichen Reichsdeputation, or "Principal Conclusion of the Extraordinary Imperial Delegation") other Swabian lands, including the Free Imperial City of Buchau, the Imperial Abbey of Buchau, the Imperial Abbeys of Marchtal and Neresheim, Ostrach, and other villages.

Losses within the Reichspost

By 1790, the hereditary fiefs of the Thurn and Taxis family fueled the Imperial Reichspost to its greatest extent. The Austrian Netherlands and Tyrol were added to the Thurn and Taxis postal system. Due to the Napoleonic Wars, Karl Anselm's Imperial Reichspost gradually lost more and more postal districts beginning with the Austrian Netherlands, thus depriving the post of important sources of revenue. With the Treaty of Lunéville formalized on 9 February 1801, the Imperial Reichspost lost all postal districts in the Rhine region. After Prussia had been compensated for the loss of its left-bank territories by right bank areas in May 1802, Prussia took over the sovereignty over the postal services, and so the Imperial Reichspost lost further postal districts. Only under his son and successor, Karl Alexander, was the Thurn and Taxis family able to re-establish its postal system as the private company Thurn-und-Taxis-Post.

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Styles of
Karl Anselm, Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Reference styleHis Serene Highness
Spoken styleYour Serene Highness
Alternative styleSir

Titles and styles

  • 2 June 1733 – 8 November 1739: His Serene Highness Prince Karl Anselm of Thurn and Taxis
  • 8 November 1739 – 17 March 1773: His Serene Highness The Hereditary Prince of Thurn and Taxis
  • 17 March 1773 – 13 November 1805: His Serene Highness The Prince of Thurn and Taxis

Honours

Ancestry

Family of Karl Anselm, 4th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
16. Claudius Lamoral II, Count of Thurn and Taxis
8. Eugen Alexander Franz, 1st Prince of Thurn and Taxis
17. Countess Anne Francoise Eugénie of Hornes
4. Anselm Franz, 2nd Prince of Thurn and Taxis
18. Herman Egon, Landgrave of Fürstenberg
9. Princess Anna Adelheid of Fürstenberg
19. Countess Franziska of Fürstenberg-Stühlingen
2. Alexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis
20. Václav Eusebius František, Prince of Lobkowicz
10. Ferdinand August Leopold, Prince of Lobkowicz, Duke of Sagan
21. Countess Palatine Augusta Sophie of Sulzbach
5. Maria Ludovika Anna Franziska, Princess of Lobkowicz
22. Wilhelm, Margrave of Baden-Baden
11. Margravine Maria Anna Wilhelmine of Baden-Baden
23. Countess Maria Magdalene of Oettingen
1. Karl Anselm, 4th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
24. Georg Albrecht of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
12. Christian Heinrich of Brandenburg-Bayreuth-Kulmbach
25. Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Glücksburg
6. George Frederick Charles, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
26. Albrecht Friedrich, Count of Wolfstein
13. Countess Sophie Christiane of Wolfstein
27. Countess Sophie Luise of Castell-Remlingen
3. Margravine Sophie Christine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
28. August Philipp, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
14. Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
29. Countess Marie Sibylle of Nassau-Saarbrücken
7. Princess Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
30. Ernest Günther, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
15. Luise Charlotte of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
31. Princess Auguste of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Darryl Lundy (16 Dec 2008). "Karl Anselm 4th Fürst von Thurn und Taxis". thePeerage.com. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Paul Theroff. "THURN und TAXIS". Paul Theroff's Royal Genealogy Site. Archived from the original on May 3, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-26. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Dallmeier, Schad, a. a. O., S. 57.

Sources

  • Wolfgang Behringer, Thurn und Taxis, München 1990 ISBN 3-492-03336-9
  • Wolfgang Behringer, Im Zeichen des Merkur, Göttingen 2003 ISBN 3-525-35187-9
  • Wolfgang Behringer, in: Damals, Juli 2005
  • Martin Dallmeier, Quellen zur Geschichte des europäischen Postwesens, Kallmünz 1977
  • Martin Dallmeier und Martha Schad, Das fürstliche Haus Thurn und Taxis, 300 Jahre Geschichte in Bildern, Verlag Pustet, Regensburg 1996 ISBN 3-7917-1492-9
  • Siegfried Grillmeyer, Habsburgs Diener in Post und Politik. Das Haus Thurn und Taxis zwischen 1745 und 1867, Mainz 2005
  • Adolf Layer, Schloß Trugenhofen(= Schloß Taxis) im 18. Jahrhundert, in: Jahrbuch des Historischen Vereins in Dillingen an der Donau, Jahrgang 1983, Dillingen an der Donau 1983, S. 179-194
  • Christoph Meixner, Die Familien Oettingen-Wallerstein und Thurn und Taxis und die Fürstenhochzeit auf Schloß Trugenhofen 1774. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Hofmusik im 18. Jahrhundert, in: Rosetti-Forum 7, 2006, S. 12-25.
  • Christoph Meixner, Artikel Thurn und Taxis, in: MGG2 (Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart, 2. Auflage), Supplementband, Kassel u.a. 2008, Sp. 942-945
  • Max Piendl, Das fürstliche Haus Thurn und Taxis, Regensburg 1980
  • Europäische Stammtafeln Band V, Genealogie Thurn und Taxis, Tafel 131
Karl Anselm, 4th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Cadet branch of the House of Tassis
Born: 2 June 1733 Died: 13 November 1805
German nobility
Preceded by Prince of Thurn and Taxis
17 March 1773 – 13 November 1805 		Succeeded by
Postal offices
Preceded by Postmaster General of the Holy Roman Empire
17 March 1773–1805 		Succeeded by
Karl Alexander as Postmaster General of the Thurn-und-Taxis-Post
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