Konstal 105Na

Konstal 105Na
Konstal 105Na in Zabrze
Manufacturer	Konstal
Constructed	1979-1992
Entered service	1979
Number built	2134
Capacity	20 seats 105 standing
Specifications
Train length	13,500 mm (44 ft 3 in)
Width	2,400 mm (7 ft 10 in)
Height	3,060 mm (10 ft 0 in)
Floor height	890 mm (2 ft 11 in)
Doors	4
Maximum speed	72 km/h
Weight	17000 kg
Power output	4 x 41.5 kW
Bogies	2
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in), 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)

The Konstal 105Na are a class of Polish trams manufactured from 1979 to 1992 in workshops Konstal Chorzow, Poland. The narrow-gauge version is designed as 805Na. As of 2016 they are still the most common trams in Poland.

Construction

105Na is unidirectional motor tramcar, equipped with four doors.

It represents the development of the earlier tram Konstal 105N, the main changes being the location of the components of the electrical equipment which were transferred from under the steps to the back wall of the driver's cabin, the introduction of a separate cabin for the driver and the removal of the small windows under the front and side windscreens. The most important change was the introduction of motor grouping, which reduced the energy consumption by 12%. During initial acceleration, the four motors are connected in series, whilst at higher speeds, two groups of motors are connected in parallel.

While in service, the 105Na vehicles were the subject of various modifications and upgrades (including changes in the electrical system, new front plastic, change of the door opening mechanism, and even re-design, for Poznań, to the bidirectional Konstal 105NaDK). Almost all 105N cars in Poland have over time been modernised to the 105Na standard.

Other variants

The Konstal 105Na and 805Na trams provided the basis for the production of a large number of prototypes and variants:

• 105Nb - new doors and bogies, 15 units built in 1988-1993
• 105Nb/e - slightly modified electrical system, 6 units built in 1994
• 105Ne - slightly thicker walls, 18 units built in 1993
• 105Nf - modernized brakes and drivers console, 44 units built in 1994-1996
• 105Ng - three doors, static converter and modified breaks, 2 units built in 1993 additional units obtained by modernizing 105Na
• 105Nm - similar to 105Nf but with a static converter, 14 units built in 1996-1997
• 105Np - static converter, single unit built in 1994
• 105NT - thyristor based, 13 units built in 1985-1989, later converted to standard 105Na
• 105Nz - thyristor based and asynchronous motor, 2 units built in 1997
• 105N1k - similar to 105Ng but thyristor based, 3 units built in 1995
• 105N1k2 - similar to 105N1k but with electrical systems from a different supplier, 60 units built in 1995-2000
• 105N2k2000 - similar to 105N1k2 with a plastic front and rear, 36 units built in 2001
• 106N - thyristor based, 7 units built in 1977-1987, later converted to standard 105Na
• 106Na - thyristor based, 8 units built in 1991-1993
• 805Nb - meter-gauge version of the 105Nb
• 805NS - meter-gauge with new accelerator, 12 units built in 1984-1990
• 111N - with doors on both sides - two 111N cars connected back-to-back could work as a bidirectional tram, 6 units built in 1993

Production numbers

The number of standard-gauge version 105Na vehicles produced is 1443 while the number narrow-gauge version, the 805Na, is 691.

Operators

These trams are used in all Polish cities which operate a tram system and they are the largest group in the stock.

Image	Operator	Number of 105Na in stock
	MZK Bydgoszcz	117
	MPK Częstochowa	48
	ZKM Elbląg	21
	ZKM Gdańsk	115
	MZK Gorzów Wielkopolski	18
	Tramwaje Śląskie	299
	MZK Grudziądz	20
	MPK Kraków	37
	MPK Łódź	439
	MPK Poznań	252
	Tramwaje Szczecińskie	173
	MZK Toruń	55
	Tramwaje Warszawskie	561
	MPK Wrocław	350

Gallery

• Konstal 105Na and variants
• 
  Cockpit of 105Na
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  Interior
• 
  High floor is one of the main drawbacks of 105Na
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  105NaDK - a bidirectional variant in Poznań
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  Konstal 111N with doors on both sides
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  Konstal 105Nz
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  Konstal 105N2k2000 - one of the last produced
• 
  A modernised 105Na in Wrocław
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  A modernised 105Na in Bytom
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  A modernised 105Na in Bytom - rear view
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  A modernised 105Na in Szczecin
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  A modernised 105Na in Wrocław
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  A modernised 105Na in Gdańsk
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  105Na undergoing modernisation
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  105Na undergoing modernisation
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  A Konstal 105Na in old...
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  ...and new Warsaw livery
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  105Na in Wrocław in 1989
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  105Na in Wrocław, 2015
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  105Na in Poznań, 2015
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  105Na in Warsaw, 2015