Lewis Clarke
Lewis Garrard Clarke | |
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| Born | 1812 or 1815 |
| Died | December 16, 1897 |
Lewis Clarke was an ex-slave who published his experiences in his work, Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke.
Life
Lewis Garrard Clarke was born in Madison County, Kentucky, seven miles from Richmond, in 1812. Depending on the source, Clarke's birth year is listed as 1812 or 1815. He is best known for his slave narrative, Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke, During a Captivity of More Than Twenty-Five Years, Among the Algerines of Kentucky, One of the So Called Christian States of North America, which was dictated by himself.[1]
In the beginning of his narrative, Clarke expounds upon his slave and plantation-owning grandfather, Samuel Campbell. Campbell took a mistress in a female slave named Mary who, according to Clarke, was half white. They had one daughter, Letitia Campbell before Campbell married. Clarke's father, Daniel Clarke, was a Scottish weaver who came to America for the American Revolution. He had married once before but his wife died and left him two sons. He fought as a Minuteman at the Battle of Bunker Hill and remained active until the end of the war effort. Campbell promised Clarke's father that Letitia would be free in his will, and with this promise, Clarke's father married her around 1800.[2]
Clarke's father died when Clarke was either 10 or 12 years old after receiving a devastating wound leaving him disabled, possibly paralyzed. Even when promised freedom, Letitia did not receive it and stayed enslaved as Clarke claims Campbell's heirs destroyed the will. During this time, Clarke fell into the hands of his grandfathers children, being the property of William and Betsy Benson, who treated him brutally. After Clarke learned he would be sold in New Orleans, Clarke fled to Ohio and across Lake Erie into Canada in 1841.[3] On arriving in Canada:
When I stepped ashore here, I said, sure enough I am free. Good heaven! what a sensation, when it first visits the bosom of a full grown man - one, born to bondage - one, who had been taught from early infancy, that this was his inevitable lot for life.
He published Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke around 1846; and traveled about giving lectures on his experiences as a slave. It was during one of those travels that he met Harriet Beecher Stowe, who was so impressed by Clarke and his story that she would base the character George Harris in her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin on Clarke.
While Clarke was not traveling, he lived in Warren County, Pennsylvania before moving over the New York border to the town of Busti, New York in 1850, where he worked as a farm hand on the farm of David Storum, the father-in-law of African-American abolitionist Jermain Wesley Loguen.[4] After the end of the Civil War, he returned South and died on December 16, 1897 in Louisville, Kentucky. His body lay in state at the Kentucky State Capitol on order of Governor Bradley, and he was subsequently buried in Westwood Cemetery in Oberlin, Ohio.
References
- ^ "Lewis Garrard Clarke, 1812-1897. Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke, During a Captivity of more than Twenty-Five Years, Among the Algerines of Kentucky, One of the So Called Christian States of North America". Documenting the American South, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved April 26, 2014.
- ^ The Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities, University of Virginia[dead link]
- ^ Digital History Archived March 17, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 1850 Federal Census of Population for the town of Busti, Chautauqua County, New York, p. 32
External links
- Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke, During a Captivity of More than Twenty-Five Years, Among the Algerines of Kentucky, One of the So Called Christian States of North America. Boston: David H. Ela, Printer, 1845.
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