List of state leaders in the 16th century

State leaders in the 15th century – State leaders in the 17th century – State leaders by year

This is a list of state leaders in the 14th century (1501–1600) AD.

Africa

Africa: Northeast

Egypt

Abbasid Caliphate, Cairo (complete list) –

al-Mustamsik, Caliph (1497–1508, 1516–1517)
al-Mutawakkil III, Caliph (1508–1516, 1517)

Africa: Northcentral

Ifriqiya

Hafsid dynasty (complete list) –

Muhammad IV, Khalif (1494–1526)
Muhammad V, Khalif (1526–1543)
Ahmad III, Khalif (1543–1570)
Muhammad VI, Khalif (1574–1574)
Jafari "Jafari the Clean" Yahya, Khalif (1574–1581)
Alem Nafirr, Khalif (1581)

Europe

Europe: British Isles

Scotland

Kingdom of Scotland (complete list) –

James IV, King (1488–1513)
James V, King (?)
Mary I, Queen (?)
James VI, King (1567–1625)

Ireland

Leinster (complete list) –

Muircheartach mac Donnchadh mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1478–1512)
Art Buidhe mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1512–1517)
Gerald mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1517–1523)
Muiris mac Domhnall Riabhach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1523–1531)
Muircheartach mac Art Buidhe mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1531–1547)
Muiris mac Domhnall Riabhach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1523–1531)
Murchadh mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1531–1557)
Criomthann mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1557–1582)
Domhnall Spáinneach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1582–1603)

Europe: Central

Holy Roman Empire (complete list) –

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Elect (1508–1519)
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1530–1556)
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Elect (1558–1564)
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor Elect (1564–1576)
Rudolph II, Holy Roman Emperor Elect (1576–1612)

Kingdom of Germany (complete list) –

Maximilian I, King (1486–1519)
Charles V, King (1519–1556)
Ferdinand I, King (1531–1564)
Maximilian II, King (1562–1576)
Rudolf II, King (1575–1612)

Duchy of Saxony (complete list) –

George the Bearded, Duke (1500–1539)
Henry IV the Pious, Duke (1539–1541)
Maurice, Duke (1541–1553)

Duchy of Saxony (complete list) –

John V^[1], Duke (1463–1507)
Magnus I, Duke (1507–1543)
Francis I,^[2] Duke (1543–1571, 1573–1581)
Magnus II,^[3] Duke (1571–1573)
Francis II,^[4] Duke (1578–1619)
Maurice, Duke (1581–1612)

Europe: Nortic

Kalmar Union (complete list / complete list) –

John, King (1483–1513)
Christian II, King (1513–1523)

Denmark–Norway (complete list / complete list) –

Frederick I, King (1523–1533)
Olav Engelbrektsson, Regent (1533–1537)
Christian III, King (1537–1559)
Frederick II, King (1559–1588)
Christian IV, King (1588–1648)

Europe: Southcentral

Papal States (complete list) –

Alexander VI, Pope (1492–1503)
Pius III, Pope (1503)
Julius II, Pope (1503–1513)
Leo X, Pope (1513–1521)
Adrian VI, Pope (1522–1523)
Clement VII, Pope (1523–1534)
Paul III, Pope (1534–1549)
Julius III, Pope (1550–1555)
Marcellus II, Pope (1555)
Paul IV, Pope (1555–1559)
Pius IV, Pope (1559–1565)
Pius V, Pope (1566–1572)
Gregory XIII, Pope (1572–1585)
Sixtus V, Pope (1585–1590)
Urban VII, Pope (1590)
Gregory XIV, Pope (1590–1591)
Innocent IX, Pope (1591)
Clement VIII, Pope (1592–1605)

Europe: Southwest

Kingdom of Navarre (complete list) –

Catherine, Queen (1483–1517)
John III, King (1484–1516)
Henry II, King (1517–1555)
Jeanne III, Queen (1555–1572)
Antoine, King (1555–1562)
Henry III, King (1572–1610)

County of Ribagorza (complete list) –

John, Count (1485–1512)
Alfonso, Count (1512–1533)
Martin, Count (1533–1565, 1573–1581)
John Alfonso, Count (1565–1573)
Ferdinand, Count (1581–1592)
Francis, Count (1592–1598)

Europe: West

Anjou (complete list) –

Louise, Duke (1476–1531)
Henry II, Duke (1566–1576)

Auvergne (complete list) –

John III, Count of Auvergne, Count (1494–1501)
Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne, Count (1501–1524)
Catherine de' Medici, Count (1524–1589)
Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, Count (1589–1608)

Duchy of Brittany (complete list) –

Anne, Duchess (1488–1514)
Claude, Duchess (1514–1524)
Francis III, Duke (1524–1536)
Henry, Duke (1536–1547)

County of Flanders (complete list) –

Philip IV the Handsome, Count (1482–1506)
Charles III, Count (1506–1555)
Philip V, Count (1555–1598)
Isabella Clara Eugenia, Countess (1598–1621)

County of Maine (complete list) –

Charles VI of Maine, Count (?–1611)

Eurasia: Caucasus

Kingdom of Kartli (complete list) –

Alexander I, King (1476–1511)
George II the Bad, King (1511–1513)
Leon, King (1520–1574)
Alexander II (Ottoman vassal), King (1574–1602, 1602–1605)

References

^ His wife was Dorothea of Brandenburg (ca. 1446–March 1519, daughter of Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg). Their children were Eric of Saxe-Lauenburg (1472–20 October 1522; Eric I as Prince-Bishop of Münster, Eric II as Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim) and Sophia of Saxe-Lauenburg (m. ca. 1420, d. 1462; mother of Eric II, Duke of Pomerania).
^ He was married on 8 February 1540 to Sybille of Saxe-Freiberg (Freiberg, 2 May 1515–18 July 1592, Buxtehude), daughter of Henry IV of Saxe-Wittenberg. Their children were Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg (Henry II as Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück, Henry III as Prince-Archbishop of Bremen, and Henry IV as Prince-Bishop of Paderborn), Sidonia Katharina of Saxe-Lauenburg (m. Wenceslaus III Adam, Duke of Cieszyn) and Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg-Ratzeburg (m. Henry III, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg [Dannenberg]).
^ His wife was Princess Sophia of Sweden.
^ His wife was Mary of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel) (1566–1626; daughter of Julius, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel)); their daughters were Juliane of Saxe-Lauenburg (26 December 1589–1 December 1630; m. 1 August 1627 to Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg) and Sophie Hedwig of Saxe-Lauenburg (24 May 1601–1 February 1660; m. 23 May 1624 to Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg).

[1] His wife was Dorothea of Brandenburg (ca. 1446–March 1519, daughter of Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg). Their children were Eric of Saxe-Lauenburg (1472–20 October 1522; Eric I as Prince-Bishop of Münster, Eric II as Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim) and Sophia of Saxe-Lauenburg (m. ca. 1420, d. 1462; mother of Eric II, Duke of Pomerania).

[2] He was married on 8 February 1540 to Sybille of Saxe-Freiberg (Freiberg, 2 May 1515–18 July 1592, Buxtehude), daughter of Henry IV of Saxe-Wittenberg. Their children were Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg (Henry II as Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück, Henry III as Prince-Archbishop of Bremen, and Henry IV as Prince-Bishop of Paderborn), Sidonia Katharina of Saxe-Lauenburg (m. Wenceslaus III Adam, Duke of Cieszyn) and Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg-Ratzeburg (m. Henry III, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg [Dannenberg]).

[3] His wife was Princess Sophia of Sweden.

[4] His wife was Mary of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel) (1566–1626; daughter of Julius, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel)); their daughters were Juliane of Saxe-Lauenburg (26 December 1589–1 December 1630; m. 1 August 1627 to Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg) and Sophie Hedwig of Saxe-Lauenburg (24 May 1601–1 February 1660; m. 23 May 1624 to Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg).

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