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Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering

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Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering
Company typeOpen joint-stock company
Founded1947
Headquarters
Nizhny Novgorod
,
Russia
ParentAlmaz-Antey
Websitenniirt.ru
55Zh6M Nebo-M mobile multiband radar system, developed by NNIIRT

The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) is a Russian electronics company specializing in the development and manufacturing of radar equipment. It is a subsidiary of the Almaz-Antey group.[1]

History

Founded in 1947, NNIIRT is based in the city of Nizhny Novgorod.[2]

Beginning in 1975, NNIIRT developed the first VHF 3D radar capable of measuring height, range, and azimuth to a target. This effort produced the 55Zh6 'Nebo' VHF surveillance radar, which passed acceptance trials in 1982.[3]

In the post–Cold War era, NNIIRT developed the 55Zh6 Nebo U 'Tall Rack' radar, which has been integrated with the SA-21 anti-aircraft weapons system. This system is deployed around Moscow.[4]

In 2013, NNIIRT announced the further development of the 55Zh6UME Nebo-UME, which combines VHF and L band radars on a single assembly.[5][6]

NNIIRT designed air surveillance radars

The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (Russian acronym: NNIIRT) has since 1948 developed a number of radars.[7] These were mainly radars in the VHF-band, and many of which featured developments in technology that represented "first offs" in the Soviet Union.

Innovations include the first Soviet air surveillance radar with a circular scan; the P-8 Volga (NATO: KNIFE REST A) in 1950, the first 3D-radar; the 5N69 Salute (NATO: BIG BACK) in 1975, and in 1982 the first VHF-band 3D-radar; the 55Zh6 Nebo (NATO: TALL RACK).

Other innovations were radars with frequency hopping; the P-10 Volga A (NATO: KNIFE REST B) in 1953, radars with transmitter signal coherency and special features like moving target indicator (MTI); the P-12 Yenisei (NATO: SPOON REST) in 1955, as well as the P-70 Lena-M with chirp signal modulation in 1968.[8]

Radar NATO reporting name Radio spectrum (NATO) Developed Production plant Notes
P-3 VHF 1948 NITEL[9] The first Soviet post-World War II air surveillance radar
P-8 Volga KNIFE REST A VHF 1950 NITEL[10] The first Soviet radar with circular scan
P-10 Volga A KNIFE REST B VHF 1953 NITEL[10] Frequency hopping
P-12 Yenisei SPOON REST VHF 1955 NITEL[10] Coherent radar with MTI
P-14 Lena TALL KING VHF 1959 NITEL[11]
P-70 Lena-M VHF 1968 First Soviet radar with chirp
P-18 Terek SPOON REST D VHF 1970 NITEL[12]
5N84A Oborona-14 TALL KING C VHF 1974 NITEL[11]
5N69 Salute BIG BACK D-band 1975 First Soviet 3D-radar
44ZH6 TALL KING B VHF 1979 NITEL[11] Stationary version of Oborona-14
55ZH6 Nebo TALL RACK VHF 1982 NITEL[13] First Soviet meter-wavelength 3D-radar
1L13 1982
52E6 VHF 1982–1996
1L13-3 Nebo-SV BOX SPRING VHF 1985 NITEL[14]
55ZH6U Nebo-U[15] TALL RACK VHF 1992 NITEL[16]
1L119 Nebo-SVU VHF 1997–2006
59N6-1 Protivnik-G1[17] D-band 1997 Average time between failures 840 hours
1L122 Avtobaza[18] D-band 1997–2006
52E6MU[19] VHF 1997–2006
P-18 modernisation kits SPOON REST D VHF 1997–2006
55ZH6M Nebo-M[20] VHF/multi-band 2011
59N6M

References

  1. ^ "Сайт раскрытия информации СКРИН". disclosure.skrin.ru. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
  2. ^ "Nizhniy Novgorod Scientific Research Institute for Radio Engineering". Aviation Week.
  3. ^ A. Zachepitsky (June 2000). "VHF (Metric Band) Radars from Nizhny Novgorod Research Radiotechnical Institute". Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine. IEEE: 9–14.
  4. ^ Carlo Kopp (April 2010). "Evolving technological strategy in advanced air defense systems". Joint Force Quarterly.
  5. ^ Miroslav Gyürösi (14 October 2013). "NNIIRT develops new dual-frequency early warning radar". Jane's Information Group. Archived from the original on 5 October 2014. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 6 October 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Carlo Kopp and Bill Sweetman. "New Russian Airpower Efforts Show Progress" Aviation Week & Space Technology, 19 June 2012. Archived July 15, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ "NNIIRT". www.nniirt.ru/istoriya-i-sobytiya. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  8. ^ "Soviet Radars". users.sch.gr/dlabaditis/TH/radars/. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  9. ^ "РЛС П-3А (Dumbo)". pvo.guns.ru/rtv/nitel/p3a.htm. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  10. ^ a b c "Из истории выпуска РЛС П-18". www.museums.unn.ru/nitel/. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  11. ^ a b c "РЛС П-14 (TALL KING)". pvo.guns.ru/rtv/nitel/p14.htm. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  12. ^ "pvo.guns.ru/rtv/nitel/p18.htm". pvo.guns.ru/rtv/nitel/p18.htm. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  13. ^ "РЛС 55Ж6". pvo.guns.ru/rtv/nitel/55j6.htm. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  14. ^ "РЛС 1Л13 "НЕБО-СВ"". pvo.guns.ru/rtv/nitel/1l13.htm. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  15. ^ "Rusi Events". www.slideshare.net/RUSIEVENTS/igor-sutyagin-the-opposite-of-air-power. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  16. ^ "Основная деятельность". www.nitel-oao.ru/page.php?page=18&navleft=0.62. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  17. ^ "59N6". www.ausairpower.net/APA-Rus-Low-Band-Radars.html#mozTocId397234. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  18. ^ "1L122". www.almaz-antey.ru/en/catalogue/millitary_catalogue/1219/1241/1334. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  19. ^ "APA-52E6MU-Struna". www.ausairpower.net/APA-52E6MU-Struna.html. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  20. ^ "ВКС РФ получили пять станций для обнаружения стелс-самолетов | Еженедельник "Военно-промышленный курьер"". vpk-news.ru. Retrieved 17 December 2017.

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