Order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
 Poincaré disk models | |
| Type | Hyperbolic regular honeycomb Uniform hyperbolic honeycomb |
| Schläfli symbol | {4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram |     
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| Cells | {4,3} 
|
| Faces | square {4} |
| Edge figure | pentagon {5} |
| Vertex figure |  icosahedron |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] |
| Dual | Order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb |
| Properties | Regular |
The order-5 cubic honeycomb is one of four compact regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs) in hyperbolic 3-space. With Schläfli symbol {4,3,5}, it has five cubes {4,3} around each edge, and 20 cubes around each vertex. It is dual with the order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb.
A geometric honeycomb is a space-filling of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions.
Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space, like the convex uniform honeycombs. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic uniform honeycombs. Any finite uniform polytope can be projected to its circumsphere to form a uniform honeycomb in spherical space.
Description
Symmetry
It a radial subgroup symmetry construction with dodecahedral fundamental domains: Coxeter notation: [4,(3,5)*], index 120.
Related polytopes and honeycombs
It has a related alternation honeycomb, represented by 
↔ 
, having icosahedron and tetrahedron cells.
Compact regular honeycombs
There are four regular compact honeycombs in 3D hyperbolic space:
 {5,3,4} |
{4,3,5} |
 {3,5,3} |
 {5,3,5} |
543 honeycombs
There are fifteen uniform honeycombs in the [5,3,4] Coxeter group family, including this regular form:
| {5,3,4}
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r{5,3,4}
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t{5,3,4}
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rr{5,3,4}
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t0,3{5,3,4}
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tr{5,3,4}
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t0,1,3{5,3,4}
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t0,1,2,3{5,3,4}
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| {4,3,5}
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r{4,3,5}
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t{4,3,5}
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rr{4,3,5}
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2t{4,3,5}
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tr{4,3,5}
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t0,1,3{4,3,5}
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t0,1,2,3{4,3,5}
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Polytopes with icosahedral vertex figures
It is in a sequence of polychora and honeycomb with icosahedron vertex figures:
| {p,3,5} polytopes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Space | S3 | H3 | |||||
| Form | Finite | Compact | Paracompact | Noncompact | |||
| Name | {3,3,5}
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{4,3,5}
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{5,3,5}
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{6,3,5}
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{7,3,5}
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{8,3,5}
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... {∞,3,5}
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| Image | 
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| Cells |  {3,3}
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 {4,3}
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 {5,3}
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 {6,3}
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 {7,3}
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 {8,3}
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 {∞,3}
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Related polytopes and honeycombs with cubic cells
It in a sequence of regular polychora and honeycombs with cubic cells. The first polytope in the sequence is the tesseract, and the second is the Euclidean cubic honeycomb.
| {4,3,p} regular honeycombs | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Space | S3 | E3 | H3 | ||||||||
| Form | Finite | Affine | Compact | Paracompact | Noncompact | ||||||
Name
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{4,3,3}
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{4,3,4}    
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{4,3,5}
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{4,3,6}   
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{4,3,7}
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{4,3,8}
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... {4,3,∞}
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| Image | 
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| Vertex figure
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 {3,3}
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 {3,4}
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 {3,5}
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 {3,6}
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 {3,7}
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 {3,8}
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 {3,∞}
| ||||
Rectified order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Rectified order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | r{4,3,5} or 2r{5,3,4} 2r{5,31,1} |
| Coxeter diagram |  ↔
|
| Cells | r{4,3}  {3,5} 
|
| Faces | triangle {3} square {4} |
| Vertex figure |  pentagonal prism |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] DH3, [5,31,1] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive, edge-transitive |
The rectified order-5 cubic honeycomb, , has alternating icosahedron and cuboctahedron cells, with a pentagonal prism vertex figure.
Related honeycomb
There are four rectified compact regular honeycombs:
| Image |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symbols | r{5,3,4}
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r{4,3,5}
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r{3,5,3}
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r{5,3,5}
|
| Vertex figure |
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| Space | S3 | H3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Form | Finite | Compact | Paracompact | Noncompact | ||
| Name | r{3,3,5}
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r{4,3,5}
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r{5,3,5}
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r{6,3,5}
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r{7,3,5}
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... r{∞,3,5}
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| Image | 
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Cells {3,5}
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 r{3,3}
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 r{4,3}
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 r{5,3}
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 r{6,3}
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 r{7,3}
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 r{∞,3}
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Truncated order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Truncated order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | t{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram |
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| Cells | t{4,3}  {3,5}
|
| Faces | triangle {3} square {4} pentagon {5} |
| Vertex figure |  pentagonal pyramid |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The truncated order-5 cubic honeycomb, , has truncated cube and icosahedron cells, with a pentagonal pyramid vertex figure.
It can be seen as analogous to the 2D hyperbolic truncated order-5 square tiling, t{4,5} with truncated square and pentagonal faces:
It is similar to the Euclidean (order-4) truncated cubic honeycomb, t{4,3,4}, with octahedral cells at the truncated vertices.
Related honeycombs
| Image |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symbols | t{5,3,4}
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t{4,3,5}
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t{3,5,3}
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t{5,3,5}
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| Vertex figure |
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Bitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb
Same as Bitruncated order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb
Cantellated order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Cantellated order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | rr{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram |
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| Cells | rr{4,3}  r{3,5}  {}x{5} 
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| Faces | triangle {3} square {4} pentagon {5} |
| Vertex figure |  wedge |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The cantellated order-5 cubic honeycomb, , has rhombicuboctahedron and icosidodecahedron cells, with a wedge vertex figure.
Related honeycombs
It is similar to the Euclidean (order-4) cantellated cubic honeycomb, rr{4,3,4}:
| Four cantellated regular compact honeycombs in H3 | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Cantitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Cantitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | tr{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram |
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| Cells | tr{4,3}  t{3,5} 
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| Faces | square {4} pentagon {5} hexagon {6} octahedron {8} |
| Vertex figure |  Mirrored sphenoid |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The cantitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb, , has rhombicuboctahedron and icosidodecahedron cells, with a mirrored sphenoid vertex figure.
Related honeycombs
It is similar to the Euclidean (order-4) cantitruncated cubic honeycomb, tr{4,3,4}:
| Image |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symbols | tr{5,3,4}
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tr{4,3,5}
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tr{3,5,3}
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tr{5,3,5}
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| Vertex figure |
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Runcinated order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Runcinated order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space Semiregular honeycomb |
| Schläfli symbol | t0,3{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram |
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| Cells | {4,3} {5,3}  {}x{5}
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| Faces | Square {4} Pentagon {5} |
| Vertex figure |  octahedron |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The runcinated order-5 cubic honeycomb or runcinated order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb , has cube, dodecahedron, and pentagonal prism cells, with an octahedron vertex figure.
It is analogous the 2D hyperbolic rhombitetrapentagonal tiling, rr{4,5}, with square and pentagonal faces:
Related honeycombs
It is similar to the Euclidean (order-4) runcinated cubic honeycomb, t0,3{4,3,4}:
| Image |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Symbols | t0,3{4,3,5}
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t0,3{3,5,3}
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t0,3{5,3,5}
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| Vertex figure |
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Runcitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Runctruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb Runcicantellated order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | t0,1,3{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram |
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| Cells | t{4,3} rr{5,3}  {}x{5} {}x{8} 
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| Faces | Triangle {3} Square {4} Pentagon {5} Octagon {8} |
| Vertex figure |  quad-pyramid |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The runcitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb or runcicantellated order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb , has cube, dodecahedron, and pentagonal prism cells, with a quad-pyramid vertex figure.
Related honeycombs
It is similar to the Euclidean (order-4) runcitruncated cubic honeycomb, t0,1,3{4,3,4}:
| Four runcitruncated regular compact honeycombs in H3 | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Omnitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Omnitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space Semiregular honeycomb |
| Schläfli symbol | t0,1,2,3{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram |
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| Cells | tr{5,3}  tr{4,3} {10}x{}  {8}x{}
|
| Faces | Square {4} Hexagon {6} Octagon {8} Decagon {10} |
| Vertex figure |  tetrahedron |
| Coxeter group | BH3, [5,3,4] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The omnitruncated order-5 cubic honeycomb or omnitruncated order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb has Coxeter diagram .
Related honeycombs
It is similar to the Euclidean (order-4) omnitruncated cubic honeycomb, t0,1,2,3{4,3,4}:
| Three omnitruncated regular compact honeycombs in H3 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Alternated order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Alternated order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | h{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram | ↔
|
| Cells | {3,3} {3,5}
|
| Faces | triangle {3} pentagon {5} |
| Vertex figure |  icosidodecahedron |
| Coxeter group | DH3, [5,31,1] |
| Properties | quasiregular |
In 3-dimensional hyperbolic geometry, the alternated order-5 cubic honeycomb is a uniform compact space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). With Schläfli symbol h{4,3,5}, it can be considered a quasiregular honeycomb, alternating icosahedra and tetrahedra around each vertex in an icosidodecahedron vertex figure.
Related honeycombs
It has 3 related forms: the cantic order-5 cubic honeycomb, , the runcic order-5 cubic honeycomb, , and the runcicantic order-5 cubic honeycomb, .
Cantic order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Cantic order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | h2{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram | ↔
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| Cells | r{5,3} t{3,5}  t{3,3} 
|
| Faces | Triangle {3} Pentagon {5} Hexagon {6} |
| Vertex figure |  Rectangular pyramid |
| Coxeter group | DH3, [5,31,1] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The cantic order-5 cubic honeycomb is a uniform compact space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). It has Schläfli symbol h2{4,3,5} and a rectangular pyramid vertex figure.
Runcic order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Runcic order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | h3{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram | ↔
|
| Cells | {5,3} rr{5,3}  {3,3}
|
| Faces | Triangle {3} square {4} pentagon {5} |
| Vertex figure |  triangular prism |
| Coxeter group | DH3, [5,31,1] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The runcic order-5 cubic honeycomb is a uniform compact space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). It has Schläfli symbol h3{4,3,5} and a triangular prism vertex figure.
Runcicantic order-5 cubic honeycomb
| Runcicantic order-5 cubic honeycomb | |
|---|---|
| Type | Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space |
| Schläfli symbol | h2,3{4,3,5} |
| Coxeter diagram | ↔
|
| Cells | t{5,3}  tr{5,3}  t{3,3}
|
| Faces | Triangle {3} square {4} hexagon {6} dodecagon {10} |
| Vertex figure |  mirrored sphenoid |
| Coxeter group | DH3, [5,31,1] |
| Properties | Vertex-transitive |
The runcicantic order-5 cubic honeycomb is a uniform compact space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). It has Schläfli symbol h2,3{4,3,5} and a mirrored sphenoid vertex figure.
See also
References
- Coxeter, Regular Polytopes, 3rd. ed., Dover Publications, 1973. ISBN 0-486-61480-8. (Tables I and II: Regular polytopes and honeycombs, pp. 294-296)
- Coxeter, The Beauty of Geometry: Twelve Essays, Dover Publications, 1999 ISBN 0-486-40919-8 (Chapter 10: Regular honeycombs in hyperbolic space, Summary tables II,III,IV,V, p212-213)
- Norman Johnson Uniform Polytopes, Manuscript
- N.W. Johnson: The Theory of Uniform Polytopes and Honeycombs, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Toronto, 1966
- N.W. Johnson: Geometries and Transformations, (2015) Chapter 13: Hyperbolic Coxeter groups