Prince Gustav of Thurn and Taxis

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Magioladitis (talk | contribs) at 16:45, 28 April 2016 (→‎References: Migrating Persondata to Wikidata + other fixes, removed: {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see Wikipedia:Persondata. --> | NAME = Gustav Of Thurn And Taxis, Prince | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | using AWB (12006)). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Prince Gustav
Prince Gustav of Thurn and Taxis
Born(1888-08-22)22 August 1888
Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony
Died30 April 1919(1919-04-30) (aged 30)
Munich, Bavarian Soviet Republic
Names
German: Gustav Franz Maria
HouseHouse of Thurn and Taxis
FatherPrince Franz of Thurn and Taxis
MotherCountess Theresia Grimaud of Orsay
ReligionRoman Catholic

Prince Gustav Franz Maria of Thurn and Taxis,[1][2] full German name: Gustav Franz Maria, Prinz von Thurn und Taxis[1][2][3] (22 August 1888, Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony[1][2] – 30 April 1919, Munich, Bavarian Soviet Republic[1][2]), was a member of the House of Thurn and Taxis and a Prince of Thurn and Taxis by birth. As a member of the Thule Society, Gustav was killed by the Bavarian Soviet Republic (German: Bayerische Räterepublik) government during the German Revolution of 1918–19.

Family

Gustav was the fourth child and second son of Prince Franz of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Countess Theresia Grimaud of Orsay.[1][2] Through his father, Gustav was a grandson of Maximilian Karl, 6th Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Princess Mathilde Sophie of Oettingen-Oettingen and Oettingen-Spielberg.

Life

Gustav studied philosophy at the University of Tübingen. After fighting in World War I, he became a member of the Thule Society (German: Thule-Gesellschaft), a German occultist and völkisch group in Munich, named after a mythical northern country from Greek legend.[3][4]

German Revolution

As White Guard (German: Weisse Garde) forces (a coalition of Prussian and Bavarian troops combined with Freikorps) surrounded Munich, the Communists began to raid nationalist strong points throughout the city.[4][5] On 26 April 1919, the Red Army (German: Rote Armee) broke into the Thule Society premises and arrested secretary Countess Heila von Westarp, Gustav, and five other members, labelling them as "right-wing spies."[3][4][5] Gustav and the other hostages were taken to the cellar of the Luitpold Gymnasium, which had served as a Red Army post since mid-April.[4] The seven Thule Society members, including Gustav, and three Freikorps soldiers were killed on 30 April as a reprisal for reports of the killing of Red soldiers by Whites at Starnberg.[4][6] Gustav and his fellow hostages were lined up against a wall and executed by a firing squad.[3][7] Their deaths may have also been a reprisal for an attempt by Thule Society members to infiltrate the Bavarian Soviet Republic's government and stage a coup d'état on 30 April. Gustav was the most notable of the four titled members killed in the incident, due to his family's extensive ties with several of Europe's royal houses.[3][4]

Bavarian nuncio Eugenio Pacelli (the later Pope Pius XII) referred to the fights and the murder of the hostages in an article in the newspaper "Bayerischer Kurier" (founded in 1856) on October 1, 1919: "The Nunciature itself was riddled with bullets during the fights between communists and republican government troops. Armed spartacists entered here with force, and when I protested against the violation of international law I was threatened with a gun. I know in what gruesome manner the hostages were murdered."[8]

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Styles of
Prince Gustav of Thurn and Taxis
Reference styleHis Serene Highness
Spoken styleYour Serene Highness
Alternative styleSir

Titles and styles

  • 22 August 1888 – 30 April 1919: His Serene Highness Prince Gustav of Thurn and Taxis

Honours

Ancestry

Family of Prince Gustav of Thurn and Taxis
16. Karl Anselm, 4th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
8. Karl Alexander, 5th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
17. Duchess Auguste of Württemberg
4. Maximilian Karl, 6th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
18. Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg
9. Duchess Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
19. Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
2. Prince Franz of Thurn and Taxis
20. Johannes Aloysius II, Prince of Oettingen-Oettingen and Oettingen-Spielberg
10. Johannes Aloysius III, Prince of Oettingen-Oettingen and Oettingen-Spielberg
21. Princess Maria Aloysia of Auersperg
5. Princess Mathilde Sophie of Oettingen-Oettingen and Oettingen-Spielberg
22. Carl Philipp Joseph, 1st Prince of Wrede
11. Princess Amalie Auguste of Wrede
23. Countess Sophie of Wiser
1. Prince Gustav of Thurn and Taxis
24. Pierre Gaspard Grimaud, Count of Orsay
12. Maximilian Grimaud, Count of Orsay
25. Princess Maria Anna of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein
6. Emil Grimaud, Count of Orsay
26. Hieronymus Maria, Count of Lodron-Laterano
13. Countess Maria Dominika of Lodron-Laterano
27. Countess Maria Cäcilia of Orsini and Rosenberg
3. Countess Theresia Grimaud of Orsay
28. Ignác, Count Festetics de Tolna
14. Vince, Count Festetics de Tolna
29. Countess Franciska Batthyány de Németújvár
7. Countess Felicitas Festetics de Tolna
30. Xaver Franz, Baron von Wenckheim
15. Baroness Franciska von Wenckheim
31. Karolina Czekelius de Rosenfeld

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Darryl Lundy (13 Dec 2008). "Gustav von Thurn und Taxis". thePeerage.com. Retrieved 2010-01-01. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e Paul Theroff. "THURN und TAXIS". Paul Theroff's Royal Genealogy Site. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
  3. ^ a b c d e Malinowski, Stephan (2003). Vom König zum Führer: sozialer Niedergang und politische Radikalisierung im deutschen Adel zwischen Kaiserreich und NS-Staat. Akademie Verlag. ISBN 3-05-004070-X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  4. ^ a b c d e f Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas (1993). The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Aryan Cults and Their Influence on Nazi Ideology. New York City, New York: New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-3060-4. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  5. ^ a b Destination Munich (2009). "Communist Munich: Before the fascists came the reds - Behind Communist Munich". Destination Munich. Retrieved 2010-01-01. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  6. ^ Flood, Charles Bracelen (1989). Hitler, the path to power. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-35312-2. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  7. ^ Evans, Richard J. (2004). The coming of the Third Reich. Penguin Books. ISBN 1-59420-004-1. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  8. ^ Bayerischer Kurier No. 417, 10/01/1919; cf. also Morgenblatt 10/01/1919 (original German text: "Die Nuntiatur selbst wurde während des Kampfes zwischen den Kommunisten und republikanischen Regierungstruppen mit Kugeln gespickt. Bewaffnete Spartakisten drangen mit Gewalt hier ein, und als ich energisch protestierte gegen diese Verletzung des internationalen Rechts, hat mich einer von ihnen mit seinem Revolver bedroht. Ich weiß, auf welche verabscheuungswürdige Weise die Geiseln ermordet wurden.")
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_Gustav_of_Thurn_and_Taxis&oldid=717594675"