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Pyst

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Pyst
Developer(s)Peter Bergman
Publisher(s)Parroty Interactive
Platform(s)Mac OS, Windows
Release
Genre(s)Adventure, Parody
Mode(s)Single-player

Pyst (stylised as PYST) is an adventure computer game published in October 1996.[1] It was created as a parody of the highly successful adventure game Myst. Pyst was written by Peter Bergman, a co-founder of the Firesign Theatre, and published by Parroty Interactive.[1][2] Bergman, Stallone, Inc. was co-publisher of the title,[3] while Mindscape began distributing the product on August 20, 1997.[4] The parody features full motion video of actor John Goodman as "King Mattruss", the ruler of "Pyst Island". Versions of the game were produced for both the Windows PC and Apple Macintosh operating systems. Parroty Interactive was a division of Palladium Interactive, one of three main brands of Palladium, including Ultimate Family Tree and Palladium Kids.[5] Parroty intended to create National Lampoon-esque[6] "humorous CD-ROMs, web sites and other forms of interactive comedy".[7] This title served as Parroty's debut game in the interactive parody space, to be followed by games like Star Wars parody Star Warped. The company is now defunct, and the game is not currently in publication.

Development

The basic concept of Pyst was to show what Myst Island (from the best-selling game) would look like after four million people (players) had visited and "explored".[1] Pyst developer and comedian Peter Bergman wanted to give Myst players the ability to "'experience the island in a whole new light".[3] Palladium President Ed Bernstein wanted the game to be a "transformative work that moved way beyond Myst", in order to avoid copyright issues with Myst publisher Broderbund on the grounds of being a parody work.[8] However, a spokesman from Broderbund said the company was unfazed with the project, commenting "We've seen imitators and they usually just give us a good chuckle".[8] Bergman discovered that the sense of comic timing he had become accustomed to in his live shows couldn't be replicated in the digital realm, and had to adapt accordingly.[9] Firezine said that the game was illustratory of Bergman's ability to "survey America's culture and obsessions like a maniacal monitor reflecting the absurdness of it all, while casting his iconoclastic eye to read the entrails of the present coarse [sic] and our delirious future".[10]

Bergman collaborated with David Ossman, Phil Proctor, Melinda Peterson, and other players from his Radio Free Oz show to produce the game. In addition, he hired Mike Sansonia to create the game's music, while mouth-sound effects artist Fred Newman recorded voice tracks.[10] John Goodman plays "King Mattruss", the ruler of "Pyst Island". The 2004 book Game Work: Language, Power, and Computer Game Culture noted that this was an example of the then-recent trend of famous actors starring in digital movies within games.[11] Goodman and Bergman had worked together in the past in a radio context, while the former also appeared on the Proctor and Bergman Comedy Service series prior to Pyst.[10] The game also includes an original song, "I'm Pyst", performed by Goodman and written by Bergman.[2][12]

Release

Before the game's release, Bergman and the PI marketing department were both secretive in terms of game-related information; Bergman said this was "unusual for me".[10] The game was originally planned for released on October 15, 1996.[10] Released for Christmas 1996, Pyst remained on the CD-ROM best-seller list through to 1999, according to Official Millennium Survival Handbook.[13] The game was "highly successful",[14] and in 1997 Palladium's vice president of marketing Rob Halligan said Pyst was "tremendously successful last Christmas and continues to sell well".[3] Business Wire said the game was the "top-selling parody product of 1996", selling over 200,000 copies worldwide.[4] There was a website extension to the game, which allowed players to further interact with the game by "download[ing] updated video and audio clips and chat[ing] with other Pyst aficionados".[15] The game became the first product by Palladium to include dial-up access to AT&T WorldNet Service.[16] Josephson, executive producer for Pyst, said there were very few business models at the time for how to make money online.[17] In 1998, after Parrot's acquisition by The Learning Company, Palladium founder and chief executive officer Ed Bernstein said "it was a fun business, but not terribly lucrative".[18]

Plot and gameplay

Pyst Island is full of litter, most of the buildings are ruined, and graffiti reveals secret doors and solutions to puzzles that challenged players in Myst.[19][20] Pyst utilizes three-dimensional graphics, animated drawings, and pre-recorded video and audio.

Gameplay is a simplified version of the playing-style used in Myst. The game consists of a series of pre-rendered, interactive visuals of Pyst island locations. With Bergman's "seal of disapproval", the familiar locations have been vandalised under the pretense that millions of virtual players have been trapped on the island having "giv[en] up on trying to finish the damn thing", and as a result have trashed the space, while a shady entrepreneur has built a "Dorian Grey money making scheme".[10] Unlike Myst however, there are no real puzzles to solve. The player simply explores a setting, and then moves to adjoining locations at will.[21] The game does not feature a point-and-click cursor interface. Instead, the players are shown an image on a postcard with four arrow keys on the edge where players click an arrow key to change the image on the postcard.[22]

Critical reception

The game has received mixed reviews. While noted for its novelty as one of the first parody video games, Pyst was seen as not living up to its full potential as a parody of ripe and timely subject matter, and was criticised for lacking in gaming content, being more of an interactive story than a game.

Electric Playground praised the game for having a "cheeky attitude and an irreverence" not found in the source material.[23] Hop on Pop: The Politics and Pleasures of Popular Culture wrote that Pyst challenges the central conceit of Myst, whereby the "untouched landscape" navigated through by a "lone trailblazer" is reimagined as a popular, commercialised tourist attraction.[24] PC Primer thought it was "side-splitting" and "light-hearted".[25] MacGamer gave it the distinction of being the first parody video game, and deemed it a "mildly amusing, short-lived parody with no gaming component".[26] Electric Games unfavourably compared it to an older, and in its opinion better, parody entitled MYLK due to the latter being free and having gameplay.[27] Computer World thought that the game offered salvation to the multitude of players who remained perpetually stuck on Myst island.[28] Sunday Mirror thought Goodman was "at the core of the game.[29] The Mirror thought it was a good alternative to those stumped by Myst, describing it as "not really a game but...a lot of fun".[30] Salon said the game "cheerfully capitalizes on that frustration" of playing the mysterious and elusive Myst, and added that the "emergence of full-scale parodies" like this was a sign of the video game industry's "arid decadence".[31]

Electronic Design called the game a " wacky parody" that reimagines the well-known island as something out of an industrial nightmare.[32] In the Eyes of the Setting Sun deemed it "satirical",[33] while BusinessWeek thought all of Parrot Interactive's work was "hilarious".[34] Billboard found it to be funnier than Myst and "all-to-short".[12] Plotting New Media Frontiers thought that the existence of parody games demonstrated that "generic conventions are well established and part of the culture associated with computer game playing", citing Pyst as a prime example.[35] Computer Shopper said the title was "no-holds-barred" and "pulls no punches" in its odd sense of humour, and deemed it a favourable alternative to those who were annoyed by Myst's "inscrutable puzzles".[15] CD Mag thought the game was "somewhat witty".[36] Emil Pagliarulo of The Adrenaline Vault saw Pyst as an example of how Parrot Interactive made games that were "completely original simply by capitalizing on unoriginality".[37]

PC Gamer said that Pyst's two main problems were that it wasn't funny as a parody of Myst, and that it wasn't so much a game than a "series of rendered slides in sequence".[38] Giant Bomb writer Alex Navarro thought he hadn't enjoyed the game's humour in his youth as he had not played Myst; he retrospectively claimed that the game was "not a very good parody".[39] K. R. Parkinson of Adventure Gamers wrote that the game "ultimately comes up lacking in its attempt to lampoon its best-selling target of derision".[40] BrutalMoose felt the game was a good idea wrapped up in a bad execution.[41] A reviewer from Game Revolution gave it a scathing review, deeming it "pathetic".[42] Entertainment Weekly described it as a "pretension-busting romp through a ripe-for-puncturing cult classic", comparing it to MAD magazine’s 201 Min. of a Space Idiocy parody of 2001: A Space Odyssey.[43] PC Multimedia & Entertainment initially thought the game was a "stupid idea", but upon playing it found it to be a "very funny multimedia presentation" (in the absence of being a game).[44] The Daily Pennsylvanian concluded their review by saying that while Myst sucked the player in, Pyst "just plain sucked".[45] Andy Oldfield of The Independent thought the game was merely a "series of puns and visual gags", not a proper parody.[46] HardcoreGamer101 felt the game only had 30 minutes of gameplay.[47]

Legacy

The game is considered by many to be the earliest parody video game, and the first of the Myst game series.[48] However, a free "homage" game entitled MYLK was created by Bart Gold using Macromedia Director and released earlier.[27][49] The PC version was by Wayne Twitchell.[50] The plot of this game involves a "dairy cow fall[ing] through a crevice to a ranch".[8] Stories in Between: Narratives and Mediums @ Play listed Pyst, Mysty, Missed, and Mylk as four parody games based on the series.[51] "The Mysterious World of Missed", or Missed, was developed by Jason Bloomberg.[50] 100 Videogames noted the success of Myst is "best demonstrated by the amount of parodies constructed of it".[52] Daniel Rosen of Built To Play thought the game was a predecessor to exploration video games like Gone Home and Dear Esther.[53]

A demo of the planned sequel, "Driven" (an allusion to the Myst sequel Riven), was included on CD-ROMs of later Parroty Interactive games, including the "Pyst Special Edition" re-release of the game.[1] Driven was graphically more advanced, and allowed greater movement. The full game was never released, however. Palladium Interactive was bought by The Learning Company in 1998, who proceeded to dissolve Parroty Interactive before the title was finished.[54]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Business Wire staff (October 21, 1997). "Parroty Interactive Launches PYST Special Edition". Business Wire. Retrieved March 31, 2012. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  2. ^ a b Schwartz, Bruce (October 10, 1996). "Seeing through the 'Myst'-tique 'Pyst' pokes fun at hit CD-ROM". USA Today. Gannett Company. ISSN 0734-7456.
  3. ^ a b c "Parroty Interactive Launches PYST Special Edition; New Special Edition of PYST Includes a Module of Driven, a Sneak Peak Parody of the Eagerly Anticipated Riven – Sequel to MYST. – Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Mindscape & Palladium Interactive announce partnership; Mindscape signs exclusive deal to distribute Palladium Interactive CD-ROM/Internet products including Family Gathering, Wishbone & PYST. – Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  5. ^ "Newest Parody – The X-Fools – Takes Comical Look At Little Green Men And Government Cover-ups. – Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  6. ^ "Company's Spoof of Microsoft: Microshaft Winblows.(Originated from San Jose Mercury News, Calif.)". January 5, 1998. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ^ "Palladium Interactive: Behind the Scenes". December 22, 1997. Archived from the original on December 22, 1997. Retrieved September 11, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ a b c "Popular `Myst' Proves Fair Game for Parody". Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  9. ^ Rice, John; McKernan, Brian (January 1, 2002). Creating Digital Content. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780071377447.
  10. ^ a b c d e f "FIREZINE #1: Bergman Gets PYST Off". www.firezine.net. Archived from the original on January 27, 2001. Retrieved September 11, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ McAllister, Ken S. (January 1, 2004). Game Work: Language, Power, and Computer Game Culture. University of Alabama Press. ISBN 9780817314187.
  12. ^ a b Inc, Nielsen Business Media (October 26, 1996). Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. {{cite book}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  13. ^ Bergman, Peter; Samson, David; Rudnitsky, David A. (February 1, 2001). Official Millennium Survival Handbook: Don't Wait Till the End of the World to Get It. SP Books. ISBN 9781561719952.
  14. ^ "Firesign Theatre Interview (Cosmik Debris)". www.firesigntheatre.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  15. ^ a b "You've obsessed over Myst, now chill out with Pyst. (Palladium Interactive Pyst adventure game) (Software Review)(Brief Article)(Evaluation)". March 1, 1997. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  16. ^ "Palladium Interactive, Publisher of the Blockbuster Parody PYST, Inks Deal with AT&T WorldNet Service; Beginning with PYST, Palladium to Utilize AT&T WorldNet Service on all its CD-ROM Products. – Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  17. ^ Communication Arts. Coyne & Blanchard. January 1, 1997.
  18. ^ http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Learning-Company-Acquires-Again-Palladium-makes-2975919.php
  19. ^ Eng, Paul M. (October 21, 1996). "Myst Gets Dissed on CD-ROM". Business Week. Bloomberg L.P. ISSN 0007-7135.
  20. ^ "Myst and Riven Humor". Archived from the original on October 28, 2004. Retrieved January 8, 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ Oldfield, Andy (November 18, 1996). "On the Pyst; CD-Roms". The Independent (London). Independent Print Limited. ISSN 0951-9467.
  22. ^ "A for Adventure – Pyst". July 16, 2004. Archived from the original on July 16, 2004. Retrieved September 11, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ Shipper, Shawn Douglas (January 9, 1997). "Pyst". Electric Playground. Archived from the original on August 4, 1997. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ III, Henry Jenkins; McPherson, Tara; Shattuc, Jane (January 1, 2002). Hop on Pop: The Politics and Pleasures of Popular Culture. Duke University Press. ISBN 0822327376.
  25. ^ Creighton, R.L. (1996). "Pyst". PC PRIMER. Archived from the original on June 6, 1997. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ Kotas, Wojciech (January 23, 2003). "Pyst". MacGamer. Archived from the original on January 23, 2003. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ a b "Electric Games Review: PYST by Palladium Interactive/Parroty Interactive". December 26, 2005. Archived from the original on December 26, 2005. Retrieved September 11, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  28. ^ Enterprise, I. D. G. (December 16, 1996). Computerworld. IDG Enterprise.
  29. ^ "Playing Games Is a Serious Business; HOME COMPUTERS SPECIAL". November 24, 1996. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  30. ^ "Watchdog Bytes; Games Face Scrutiny from Film Censors". November 16, 1996. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  31. ^ "SALON Daily Clicks: Media Circus". February 4, 2005. Archived from the original on February 4, 2005. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  32. ^ Electronic Design. Hayden Publishing Company. January 1, 1996.
  33. ^ Madsen, Christian (July 4, 2016). In the Eyes of the Setting Sun-. Writers of the Apocalypse. ISBN 9781944322151.
  34. ^ BusinessWeek. McGraw-Hill. January 1, 1998.
  35. ^ Vered, Karen Orr (September 1, 1997). "Plotting New Media Frontiers: Myst and Narrative Pleasure". Visual Anthropology Review. 13 (2): 39–47. doi:10.1525/var.1997.13.2.39. ISSN 1548-7458.
  36. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20031106083518/http://www.cdmag.com/articles/018/149/starwarped_review.html
  37. ^ "AVault | PC | Star Warped Review". December 31, 2004. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved September 12, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  38. ^ "Saturday Crapshoot: Pyst".
  39. ^ Wilbur, Brock (March 4, 2016). "Where Are the Funny Video Games?". Inverse. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  40. ^ Parkinson, K. R. (June 20, 2014). "Pyst". www.adventuregamers.com. Adventure Gamers.
  41. ^ "BrutalMoose Suffers Through Pyst For His Fans". TGN. 2015.
  42. ^ "P.Y.S.T. Review". www.gamerevolution.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  43. ^ "Pyst". Entertainment Weekly. October 18, 1996.
  44. ^ "PCM&E Review – PYST". January 27, 1999. Archived from the original on January 27, 1999. Retrieved September 11, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  45. ^ "tv2". kaufthal.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  46. ^ "On the Pyst". November 18, 1996. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  47. ^ "Hardcore Gaming 101: Myst". www.hardcoregaming101.net. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  48. ^ "PLUGGED IN : BIZ BYTES.(Business)". September 21, 1997. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  49. ^ "Bart Gold". www.bartgold.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  50. ^ a b Jr, Ovi Demetrian. "Pyst Mocks Myst – MystJourney". www.mystjourney.com. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  51. ^ Davidson, Drew (January 1, 2008). Stories in Between: Narratives and Mediums @ Play. Lulu.com. ISBN 9781435720800.
  52. ^ Newman, James; Simons, Iain (June 4, 2007). 100 Videogames. BFI. ISBN 9781844571611.
  53. ^ "Playing the Part-The Evolution of Actors in Games". Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  54. ^ "Review: PYST – Video Games". August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
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