Shrine of Bayazid Bostami
The Shrine of Bayazid Bastami is a shrine in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Bayazid Bostami was a famous Persian Sufi born in Bostam, Iran. Its shrine area as a complex consists of a tomb surrounded by a brick structure along with an old mosque and a large pond. There is no significant historical evidence about Bostami’s visit and tomb in this area. The whole complex is located on a hillock of Nasirabad, considered to be a holy place and attracts a large number of visitors and pilgrims daily.
History and description
The tomb and the sarcophagus its houses were originally discovered in 1831, and at the time were enclosed by a wall with protective pillars, that have since been replaced by a more modern structure. At the foot of the tomb hill, there is an ancient three-domed mosque, which is believed to date from the time of the Mughal emperor, Aurangzeb (1658–1707). The interior of the mosque is sparsely decorated, while the mihrab on the qibla wall (indicating the direction of Mecca) has an identical projection on its opposite side.[1]
Myths and mysteries
Although the shrine is believed to be Bostami's tomb according to local tradition, there is no significant historical evidence about Bostami's visit to this part of Bangladesh. It is thought that this tomb was attributed to him as a jawab or imitation. According to Hamidullah Khan (an historian of nineteenth-century Chittagong), Muslim faqirs and wanderers of the time used to come to Chittagong to take their seats on hill-tops surrounded by jungles.[1][2][3][4]
Some people believe that Bostami in fact visited this part of the world during his lifetime. According to legend, during his return local followers asked him to stay in Chittagong. Overwhelmed by their love and devotion, Bostami pierced his fifth (little) finger, allowed a few drops of blood to fall to the ground, and permitted his followers to build a shrine there on his name.[5]
Although there is no authentic historical record about Bostami’s visit to Chittagong, some 18th-century Bengali poets remembered a Shah Sultan of Nasirabad in their poems.[1]
Bostami Turtle (Mazari)
In front of the tomb, there is a large pond that houses a large number of black soft-shelled turtles known as Bostami Turtle or Bostami Kachim (locally called Mazari) which are a very rare and critically endangered species. Legends claim that these turtles are the descendents of evil spirits that incurred the wrath of the renowned saint, Bayazid Bostami, while he was visiting the area. It is believed that the evil spirits were then transformed into turtles as a punishment and are doomed to spend eternity in this pool. At present, the shrine's caretakers – the Mazar Committee – protect the turtle population but will not allow specimens to be taken anymore, regardless of whether they would be killed or reintroduced into the wild.
Scientifically, the black soft-shelled turtle or Bostami Turtle (Aspideretes Nigricans, sometimes placed in genus Nilssonia) is a species of freshwater turtle found in India (Assam) and Bangladesh (Chittagong). They have been long-believed to be inbred variants of the Ganges soft-shelled turtle (A. gangeticus or N. gangeticus) or the Peacock Soft-shelled Turtle (A. hurum or N. hurum). While it is a close relative of the latter, it is a distinct species. As of 2002, the IUCN classified the species as Extinct in the Wild.[6]
High Court rule
In 2012 an initiative taken to build a multi-storey mosque at the location of the pond was stayed by the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. Although several concrete pillars had been erected inside the shrine pond, about 10 feet off the bank despite the rule of High court.[7]
References
- ^ a b c Karim, Abdul (2012). "Bayejid Bostami". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ^ Bibliography Hamidullah Khan, Ahadis-ul-Khawanin, Calcutta, 1871, Muhammad Enamul Haq
- ^ A History of Sufism in Bengal, Dhaka 1975 Abdul Karim
- ^ Social History of the Muslims in Bengal, 2nd ed, Chittagong, 1985
- ^ The Mystery About Bayazid's Shrine in Bangladesh
- ^ The IUCN red list of threatened species
- ^ "Rare Bostami Turtles of Ctg city in peril". Retrieved 2015-08-17.
External links
- Hossain, Shamsul (2012). "Bayejid Bostami Tomb and Mosque". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.