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Smith's Castle

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Coordinates: 41°35′00″N 71°27′16″W / 41.58333°N 71.45444°W / 41.58333; -71.45444
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Cocumscussoc Archeological Site
Front elevation of Smith's Castle house, 2008
LocationWickford, RI
Nearest cityWarwick
Coordinates41°35′00″N 71°27′16″W / 41.58333°N 71.45444°W / 41.58333; -71.45444
Area10 acres (4.0 ha) (1972 NRHP nomination)
1.8 acres (0.73 ha) (1993 NHL nomination)
Built1678 (house)
Architectural styleColonial
NRHP reference No.72000010 (original)
93000605 (increase)
Significant dates
Added to NRHPFebruary 23, 1972
Boundary increaseApril 12, 1993
Designated NHLApril 12, 1993[1]

Smith's Castle, built in 1678, is a house museum at 55 Richard Smith Drive, near Wickford, a village in North Kingstown, Rhode Island, United States. Smith's Castle is one of the oldest houses in the state. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1993 as Cocumscussoc Archeological Site, due to the artifacts and information digs in the vicinity have yielded. It is located just off U.S. 1.[1]

History

Smith's Castle was built in 1678 as a replacement for an earlier structure which was destroyed by the Narragansett Tribe during King Philip's War. The land on which the house was built was known as Cocumscussoc (or Cocumscossoc) and was the original site of Roger Williams' trading post. Williams was the founder of Rhode Island and a prominent Baptist theologian. He built the trading post on the site in 1637 to trade with the Narragansetts after receiving the land from the tribe. Eventually, Williams sold the trading post to Richard Smith to finance his trip to Great Britain to secure a charter for Rhode Island.

Smith bought the trading post and surrounding lands from Williams and constructed a large house which was fortified, giving the house its nickname as a castle. His son Richard Smith Jr. inherited the plantation in 1666 and invited militias from Massachusetts and Connecticut to use the property during King Philip's War. The house was burned in retaliation for the Great Swamp Fight, and the present structure was built in its place, originally as a saltbox house, and later modified into its current form. Approximately 40 soldiers were buried on the property during King Philip's War. Additionally, the only incident of an individual being hanged, drawn, and quartered for treason on American soil took place at Smith's Castle in 1676. Joshua Tefft was an English colonist found guilty of having fought on the side of the Narragansetts during the Great Swamp Fight; he was executed by this method.

Eventually, the property was transferred to the Updike, Congdon, and Fox families. It was the site of a large dairy farm into the twentieth century until it became a museum. In the early twentieth century, preservationists Norman Isham and John Hutchins Cady stabilized the house and performed several minor restorations.

See also

  1. ^ a b "Cocumscussoc Archeological Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2008-06-28.

Images

  • Smith's Castle from an 1882 drawing
    Smith's Castle from an 1882 drawing
  • Smith's Castle in a turn of the 20th century postcard
    Smith's Castle in a turn of the 20th century postcard
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