Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani

al-Shaykh Abū Kamāl al-Dīn Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrāhim bin Mustafā bin Ismā'īl bin Yūsuf al-Nab'hāni محمد تقي الدين بن إبراهيم بن مصطفى بن إسماعيل بن يوسف النبهاني
al-Imām al-Shaykh Abū Kamāl al-Dīn Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrāhīm bin Mustafā bin Ismā'īl bin Yūsuf al-Nab'hāni
Founder and 1st Leader of Hizb ut-Tahrir
In office 1953 – December 11, 1977
Preceded by	Position Established
Succeeded by	Shaykh Abdul Qadeem Zallum
Qadi of Haifa
In office 1938–1948
Title	al-Imam, al-Shaykh, al-Nabhani, Abu Kamal al-Din
Personal
Born	Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrahim bin Mustafa bin Ismail bin Yusuf al-Nabhani 1914 (Some sources quote it to be 1909) Ijzim, Haifa, Ottoman Palestine
Died	December 11, 1977 (aged 63) Beirut, Lebanon
Resting place	al-Auza’i Cemetery
Nationality	Ottoman Palestinian Jordanian Lebanese
Citizenship	Ottoman Lebanese
Era	Modern era
Region	Middle East
Denomination	Sunni Islam
Jurisprudence	Shafi'i
Creed	Ashari
Movement	Young Men's Muslim Association The Black Hand
Political party	Hizb ut-Tahrir (1953-1977/his death) Muslim Brotherhood (1928-1953/left after he became disillusioned of Muslim Brotherhood leadership)
Main interest(s)	Political Islam Islamic philosophy Anti-Zionism Islamic economics Refuting heresy Fiqh Da'wah Khilafah
Notable idea(s)	Pan-Islamism Sunni Islamism Islamic Revival Jihad against Zionists Caliphatism Islamic vanguardism
Notable work(s)	List Inqadh Filasteen [Saving Palestine] – 1950 Rislatu al-Arab [Message to the Arabs] – 1950 Nidham al-Islam [The System of Islam] – 1953 Nidham al-Hukm fi al-Islam [The Ruling System in Islam] – 1953 Nidham al-Iqtisadi fi al-Islam [The Economic System in Islam] – 1953 Nidham al-Ijtima’i fi al-Islam [The Social System in Islam] −1953 Takattul al-Hizbi [Party Structure] – 1953 Mahafeem Hizb ut-Tahrir [Concepts of Hizb ut-Tahrir] – 1953 Dawlah al-Islamiyyah [The Islamic State] – 1953 Shakhsiyyah al-Islamiyyah [The Islamic Personality (in three volumes)] – 1960 Muqadimat al-Dustor [Introduction to the Constitution] – 1963 Nida al-Haar ila al-Muslimeen [A Warm Call to the Muslims] – 1965 Mahafeem Siyasiyya li Hizb ut-Tahrir [Political Concepts of Hizb ut-Tahrir] – 1969 Afkar Siyasiyya [Political Thoughts] – 1972 Tafkir [Thinking] – 1973 Sura’t al-Badiha [Presence of Mind] – 1976
Alma mater	Al-Azhar University Dar al-Ulum
Teachers	Sheikh al-Akhdar Hussein Imam Yusuf al-Nabhani (maternal grandfather) Shaykh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Shaykh Ibrahim bin Mustafa al-Nabhani
Occupation	An erudite Islamic scholar Mujtahid Mujahid Imam Qadi Author Statesman Politician Revolutionary Activist
Senior posting
Disciple of	Imam Yusuf al-Nabhani
Students Shaykh Kamal al-Din al-Nabhani (son)
Influenced by Muhammad, Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Hassan al-Banna, Sayyid Qutb, Michel Aflaq, Yusuf al-Nabhani, Amin al-Husseini, Shaykh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam, Maulana Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, Muhammad Asad
Influenced Abdul Qadeem Zallum, Dawud Hamdan, Ghanim Abduh, Munir Shuqayr, Dr. Adil al-Nablusi, Shaykh Kamal al-Din al-Nabhani, Mazin Abdul-Adhim, Shaykh Ata Bin Khalil Abu Rashta
Arabic name
Personal (Ism)	Muhammad محمد
Patronymic (Nasab)	ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Mustafā بن إبراهيم بن مصطفى
Teknonymic (Kunya)	Abu Kamāl al-Dīn Arabic-script kunya
Epithet (Laqab)	Taqī al-Dīn تقي الدين
Toponymic (Nisba)	al-Nabhānī النبهاني
Birth name	Taqī al-Dīn
Other names	Other name/left empty/none
Children	Shaykh Kamal al-Din al-Nabhani
Parent	Shaykh Ibrahim bin Mustafa al-Nabhani
Relatives	Imam Yusuf al-Nabhani (maternal grandfather)

Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrahim bin Mustafah bin Ismail bin Yusuf al-Nabhani (1909 – December 11, 1977) was an Islamic scholar from Jerusalem who founded the Islamist political party Hizb ut-Tahrir.

Biography

Al-Nabhani was born in 1909 in a village by the name of Ijzim near Haifa in Ottoman Empire and belonged to Bani Nabhan tribe. His father was a lecturer in Sharia law and his mother was also an Islamic scholar. al-Nabhani studied Sharia law at Al-Azhar University and the Dar-ul-Ulum college of Cairo. He graduated in 1931 and returned to Palestine. There he was first a teacher and then as a jurist, rising to Sharia judge in the court of appeal. Disturbed by the creation of the state of Israel and the 1948 Arab–Israeli War and occupation of Palestine, he founded the Hizb ut-Tahrir party in 1953. The party was immediately banned in Jordan. Al-Nabhani was banned from returning to Jordan and settled in Beirut. He died on December 20, 1977.

Political philosophy

Al-Nabhani proclaimed that the depressed political condition of Muslims in the contemporary world stemmed from the abolition of the Caliphate in 1924. Other causes of stagnation included the Ottoman Empire's closing of the doors of ijtihad, its failure to understand "the intellectual and legislative side of Islam", and neglect of the Arabic language. In his most famous works, written in the early 1950s, al-Nabhani expressed a radical disillusionment with the secular powers that had failed to protect Palestinian nationalism. He argued for a new caliphate that would be brought about by "peaceful politics and ideological subversion" and eventually cover the world replacing all nation states. Its political and economic order would be founded on Islamic principles, not materialism that, in his view, was the outcome of capitalist economies. al-Nabhani was critical of the way the Middle East had been carved up into nation states allied with various imperial powers.

Influence

Hizb ut-Tahrir did not attract a large following in the countries where it was established. Despite this, al-Nabhani's works have become an important part of contemporary Islamist literature.

Sources

• Tripp, Charles (2010). "West Asia from the First World War". In Robinson, Francis (ed.). The New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 5: The Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-83826-9.
• "Title?", Al-Waie magazine (Arabic), no. 234–235, August–September 2006, archived from the original on 2015-02-09 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
• Biography (dead link), archived from the original on 2010-12-19 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

Further reading

• al-Nabhani, Taqi al-Din (2002), The System of Islam Nidham al-Islam, London: al-Khilafah Publications
• al-Nabhani, Taqi al-Din (2004), Thought al-Tafkeer, London: al-Khilafah Publications
• al-Nabhani, Taqi al-Din (2005), Islamic Personality al-Shaksiyyah al-Islamiyyah, London: al-Khilafah Publications
• Hizb ut Tahrir Website, archived from the original on 2007-07-07 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)