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Sardar Shah Wali Khan | |
|---|---|
 Photo of Sardar Shah Wali Khan and General Mohammed Asif Safi and then Prime Minister Mohammad Daoud Khan in background | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1888 Dehradun, British Raj |
| Died | April 1977 |
| Nationality | Afghan |
| Profession | Army Officer, Home Minister, Diplomat |
| Nickname | Victor of Kabul |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Emirate of Afghanistan Kingdom of Afghanistan |
| Branch/service | Afghan Army |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
| Battles/wars | Third Anglo-Afghan War Khost rebellion (1924–1925) Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) |
Sardar Shah Wali Khan (Pashto: سردار شاه ولی خان) (April 16, 1888 – April 1977) also known as Field Marshal Sardar Shah Wali Khan Ghazi was a political and military figure in Afghanistan. He was a member of the Musahiban and uncle of King Mohammad Zahir Shah and President Mohammed Daoud Khan. He was full brother of Prime Minister Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan, King Mohammed Nadir Shah and paternal half-brother of Prime Minister Mohammad Hashim Khan.[1][2]
He was the father of Prince Lieutenant-General Sardar Abdul Wali Khan, senior cousin and power behind the throne of king Mohammed Zahir Shah during the 1963-1973 constitutional period and throughout their exile.
Early life
[edit]Sardar Shah Wali khan was born in Dehradun, British Raj where his family was in exile. There he studied Persian (dari), Pashto and Urdu with the help of his private tutours. In 1901 he returned to Afghanistan with the rest of his family being recived by the Afghan ruler Abdur Rahman Khan. He contiuned his studies in kabul until 1906 with a focus on millitary sciences.
Military Career
[edit]Due to his Military knowledge he was appointed as Commander of Royal Bodyguard in addiation to this he worked as aide de camp to Amir habibullah Khan.
Third Anglo-Afghan war
[edit]During the Third Anglo-Afghan war Sardar Wali Khan and his two brothers Mohammad Nadir Shah and Shah Mahmud Khan were asked to got the central sector and fight the British. It was during this war that Wali Khan had greatly distinguished himself by invading into British terrority and capturing the forts of Thal and Wana. Shah Wali Khan who captured Wana had also liberated the entire Waziristan region. All of this had great effects on the war and subsequent peace treaty signed between the Afghans and the British. All of these achievements in the battlefield did not go unnoticed by Amanullah Khan who was greatly impressed. Sardar Shah Wali Khan was honoured with the order of Sardar-Aala and promoted to the rank of General. He was given the post of assisant commander and chief of Kabul forces, and at the same time Amanullah Khan gave him the hand of Saffia Siraj in marriage.
Khost Rebellion
[edit]In 1924 a uprising took place in Khost due to the rapid Westernization efforts of Amanullah Khan. At first Amanullah Khan did not take the uprising serouisly and poorly handled the situation which caused a situation where a entire contengent of Royal Afghan forces were besieged at a fort locateded in Gardez.[3] The rebels had also successfully ambushed a government regiment, inflicting severe casualties while suffering 20 deaths[4] This sucess that the rebels had achieved made them more bold, they were rallied by "Mullah e lang" or the lame Mullah and they marched towards Kabul. Sardar Shah Wali Khan came to the aid of the Goverment forces and had inflicted a crushing defeat on the rebels which relived the beseiged forces at Gardez. After this victory the course of the war had changed at the rebelion was eventually put down. The king had recognized the achievemnts of Wali Khan during this war had given him the Title of "Taj e Afghan" and appointed his the chief offcier of the miltiary aide de camp.
Afghan civil war (1928-1929)
[edit]In 1928 when Amanullah Khan had returned from his Tour of Europe, his reforms again had recieved much backlash from reactionaries
Career
[edit]- Commander of Royal Bodyguard in 1906
- Commander of Cavalry Corps in 1921
- Equerry to King Amanullah Khan in 1924
- Commander-in-chief of the army that defeated Habibullah Kalakani (also known as Bacha-ye Saqqow) and captured Kabul on 10 October 1929, for which he received the titles of Ghazi and Fateh Kabul ("Conqueror of Kabul").
- Viceroy to King Nader Shah in 1929
- Ambassor to United Kingdom from 1930 to 1931[5]
- Acting Minister for Defence from 1935 to 1936
- Acting Prime Minister from 1936 to 1937
- Ambassador to Pakistan from 1948 to 1949.[citation needed]
References
[edit]- ^ Dupree, Louis (1980). Afghanistan. Princeton University Press. pp. 475, 498.
- ^ "Afghanistan History". Archived from the original on October 26, 2005.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Nawid, Senzil. "The Khost Rebellion. The Reaction of Afghan Clerical and Tribal Forces to Social Change" (PDF). opar.unior.it (PDF).
{{cite web}}:|archive-url=requires|archive-date=(help) - ^ Dixon, Jeffrey S.; Sarkees, Meredith Reid (2015-09-18). A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816-2014. CQ Press. pp. 475, 476. ISBN 978-1-5063-1798-4.
- ^ "Embassy of Afghanistan in the United Kingdom".
Category:1888 births
Category:1977 deaths
Category:Pashtun people
Category:Government ministers of Afghanistan
Category:Prime Ministers of Afghanistan
Category:Ambassadors of Afghanistan to Pakistan
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