User:Jordynlazic/Antifungal
Of the clinically employed azole antifungals, only a handful are used systemically.These include ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, fosfluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole. Examples of non-azole systemic antifungals include griseofulvin and terbinafine.[1]
Azole Antifungals
Azole antifungals inhibit conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol by inhibition of lanosterol 14α-demethylase. These compounds have a five-membered ring containing two or three nitrogen atoms[1]. The imidazole antifungals contain a 1,3-diazole (imidazole) ring (two nitrogen atoms), whereas the triazole antifungals have a ring with three nitrogen atoms.[2][1]
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[edit]Lead
[edit]Side effects
[edit]There are also many drug interactions. Patients must read in detail the enclosed data sheet(s) of any medicine. For example, the azole antifungals such as ketoconazole or itraconazole can be both substrates and inhibitors of the P-glycoprotein, which (among other functions) excretes toxins and drugs into the intestines. Azole antifungals also are both substrates and inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 family CYP3A4, causing increased concentration when administering, for example, calcium channel blockers, immunosuppressants, chemotherapeutic drugs, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides and SSRIs[3].
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Dixon, Dennis M.; Walsh, Thomas J. (1996), Baron, Samuel (ed.), "Antifungal Agents", Medical Microbiology (4th ed.), Galveston (TX): University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, ISBN 978-0-9631172-1-2, PMID 21413319, retrieved 2022-12-02
- ^ PubChem. "Imidazole". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-02.
- ^ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and (2022-08-24). "Drug Development and Drug Interactions | Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers". FDA.