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Vlieland

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Vlieland
Municipality
Lighthouse on Vlieland
Lighthouse on Vlieland
Flag of Vlieland
Flag
Coat of arms of Vlieland
Coat of arms
Highlighted position of Vlieland in a municipal map of Friesland
Location in Friesland
CountryNetherlands
ProvinceFriesland
Government
[1]
 • BodyMunicipal council
 • MayorElla Schadd-de Boer (PvdA)
Area
[2]
 • Total315.80 km2 (121.93 sq mi)
 • Land39.15 km2 (15.12 sq mi)
 • Water276.65 km2 (106.82 sq mi)
Elevation
[3]
3 m (10 ft)
Population
 (January 2021)[4]
 • Total1,194
 • Density30/km2 (80/sq mi)
DemonymVlielander
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postcode
8899
Area code0562
Websitewww.vlieland.nl

Vlieland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvlilɑnt] ⓘ; West Frisian: Flylân) is a municipality and island in the northern Netherlands. The municipality of Vlieland has only one major town: Oost-Vlieland (West Frisian: East-Flylân). It is the second-least densely populated municipality in the Netherlands (after Schiermonnikoog).

Vlieland is one of the West Frisian Islands, lying in the Wadden Sea. It is the second island from the west in the chain, lying between Texel and Terschelling. The island was separated from the mainland in St. Lucia's flood in1287. Vlieland was named after the Vlie.

Travel

Vlieland can be reached by ferry from the Frisian town of Harlingen. The ferry ride takes about 1.5 hours and crosses the Wadden Sea and part of the North Sea. Tourists are not allowed to bring cars with them on the ferry. Another ferry runs between De Cocksdorp on Texel and the westernmost point of Vlieland. The most common form of transport on the island is the bicycle; a network of cycle paths criss-crosses the island. A bus service runs from the ferry terminal to the village and campgrounds after the arrival of a ferry, and some time before departure. There is a very small heliport near the village, but it is only used for SAR flights.

Topography

Dutch Topographic map of the island of Vlieland, as per Dec. 2014. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Vlieland, being the outermost of the Frisian barrier islands, sees its climate the most moderated by the North- and Wadden Sea. As is the case with the other West Frisian islands, sunshine hours are among the highest in the Netherlands, and quite possibly among the highest in the North Sea basin. Temperature extremes are rare; on average only 6 times a year does the daytime high exceed 25 degrees, and a high above thirty happens on average only once every three years. This also counts for extreme cold; only on five days a year does the temperature stay below zero for a whole 24-hour period, and nighttime frost happens on less than 40 nights a year. Nights below -10 Celsius only happen on average once every 2 years. Wind is abundant however, the average wind speed on Vlieland is almost 8 metres per second, or 28 kilometres per hour. Gale-force winds occur on average nine days per year.

Climate data for Vlieland
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 5.5
(41.9) 		5.3
(41.5) 		7.4
(45.3) 		11.1
(52.0) 		14.7
(58.5) 		17.2
(63.0) 		19.8
(67.6) 		20.4
(68.7) 		17.7
(63.9) 		14.1
(57.4) 		10.0
(50.0) 		6.7
(44.1) 		12.3
(54.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.7
(38.7) 		3.5
(38.3) 		5.2
(41.4) 		8.1
(46.6) 		11.5
(52.7) 		14.3
(57.7) 		16.8
(62.2) 		17.5
(63.5) 		15.1
(59.2) 		11.5
(52.7) 		7.7
(45.9) 		4.8
(40.6) 		10.2
(50.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.8
(35.2) 		1.6
(34.9) 		3.1
(37.6) 		5.0
(41.0) 		8.4
(47.1) 		11.3
(52.3) 		13.7
(56.7) 		14.6
(58.3) 		12.4
(54.3) 		9.0
(48.2) 		5.3
(41.5) 		2.5
(36.5) 		7.6
(45.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 72
(2.8) 		49
(1.9) 		55
(2.2) 		32
(1.3) 		45
(1.8) 		50
(2.0) 		68
(2.7) 		72
(2.8) 		89
(3.5) 		105
(4.1) 		98
(3.9) 		82
(3.2) 		919
(36.2)
Average precipitation days 12 10 11 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 16 15 135
Average relative humidity (%) 86 83 80 73 72 73 74 73 75 79 83 86 78
Mean monthly sunshine hours 68 99 142 204 247 228 239 213 156 118 70 61 1,835
[citation needed]

Landscape

The majority of the landscape of the island consists of dunes, but there are some wooded areas and small meadows. A large part of the island, the western part, consists mainly of sand and is referred to as the 'Sahara of the north'.

Towns

There is only one village on the island, Oost-Vlieland. A second village, West-Vlieland, was lost to the sea in 1736.

Tourism

Tourism is the main source of income on Vlieland. There are approximately 15 hotels, and several hundred apartments and holiday homes. Vlieland has two campgrounds.

Gallery

  • Beach at dusk
    Beach at dusk
  • St. Nicolas church (Nicolaas Kerk) in Oost-Vlieland
    St. Nicolas church (Nicolaas Kerk) in Oost-Vlieland
  • Satellite image
    Satellite image
  • Vlieland sky at midnight
    Vlieland sky at midnight

References

  1. ^ "Burgemeester en wethouders" (in Dutch). Gemeente Vlieland. Retrieved 5 October 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2020" [Key figures for neighbourhoods 2020]. StatLine (in Dutch). CBS. 24 July 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  3. ^ "Postcodetool for 8899AE". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 5 October 2013. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |trans_title= (help)
  4. ^ "Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand" [Population growth; regions per month]. CBS Statline (in Dutch). CBS. 1 January 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2022.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlieland&oldid=645590107"