1785 in Great Britain
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Events from the year 1785 in the Kingdom of Great Britain.
Incumbents
- Monarch – George III
- Prime Minister – William Pitt the Younger (Tory)
Events
- 1 January – the first issue of the Daily Universal Register, later known as The Times, is published in London.[1]
- 7 January – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover to Calais, France in a hydrogen gas balloon, becoming the first to cross the English Channel by air.[1]
- 7 March – James Hutton proposes the theory of uniformitarianism to the Royal Society of Edinburgh.[2]
- January to July – continuing an extremely dry and cold spell from the previous year, several records for dryness are set, among them driest twelve months in the England and Wales Precipitation series, with only 522.0 millimetres (20.55 in) for the year ending July 1785, and further records for dryness for periods of three to six months.[3]
- 21 December – Prince of Wales marries Catholic Maria Fitzherbert, secretly, and in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act 1772.[4]
Undated
- British government establishes a permanent land force in the Eastern Caribbean, based in Barbados
- William Pitt the Younger introduces a Reform Bill to Parliament to abolish the rotten boroughs, but it is defeated.[5]
- Governor-General of India Warren Hastings charged with maladministration and returns to Britain.[6]
- London Hospital Medical College opens as England's first chartered medical school.
Publications
- James Boswell’s The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides.[6]
- William Withering’s An Account of the Foxglove and some of its Medical Uses, demonstrating the effects of digitalis.[7]
Births
- 30 January – Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe, colonial administrator (died 1846)
- 18 May – John Wilson, writer (died 1854)
- 6 July – William Jackson Hooker, botanist (died 1865)
- 15 August – Thomas de Quincey, writer (died 1859)
- 18 October – Thomas Love Peacock, satirist (died 1866)
- 25 September – George Pinto, composer and keyboard virtuoso (died 1806)
- 18 November – David Wilkie, artist (died 1841)
Deaths
- 19 January – Jonathan Toup, classical scholar and critic (born 1713)
- 23 January – Matthew Stewart, mathematician (born 1717)
- February – Peter the Wild Boy (born before 1725)
- 14 April – William Whitehead, writer (born 1715)
- 30 June – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia (born 1696)
- 26 August – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, soldier and politician (born 1716)
- 25 November – Richard Glover, poet (born 1712)
- 6 December – Kitty Clive, actress (born 1711)
References
- ^ a b Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ The Hutchinson Factfinder. Helicon. 1999. ISBN 1-85986-000-1.
- ^ Lough, Janice; Wigley Tom and Jones, Phil; ‘Spatial patterns of precipitation in England and Wales and a revised homogeneous England and Wales precipitation series’; in Journal of Climatology; Volume 4, pp. 1-25 (1984)
- ^ Palmer, Alan & Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 229–230. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "Downing Street biography of Pitt". Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-01.
- ^ a b Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 337. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Haughton, Claire (1980). Green Immigrants. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. pp. 133–134. ISBN 0-15-636492-1.
Further reading
- New Annual Register...for 1785, London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1786