Bellevue, Nebraska
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| Bellevue, Nebraska | |
|---|---|
| — City — | |
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| Coordinates: 41°9′31″N 95°56′3″W / 41.15861°N 95.93417°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Nebraska |
| County | Sarpy |
| Area | |
| - Total | 13.4 sq mi (34.7 km2) |
| - Land | 13.3 sq mi (34.4 km2) |
| - Water | 0.1 sq mi (0.3 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,033 ft (315 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - Total | 44,382 |
| - Density | 3,346.4/sq mi (1,292.0/km2) |
| Time zone | Central (CST) (UTC-6) |
| - Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| Area code(s) | 402 |
| FIPS code | 31-03950[1] |
| GNIS feature ID | 0827304[2] |
Bellevue (French for "Beautiful View") is a city in Sarpy County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 44,382 at the 2000 census. Eight miles south of Omaha, Bellevue is part of the Omaha-Council Bluffs metropolitan area. Incorporated in 1855, it is the oldest city in Nebraska.[3]
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[edit] Geography
Bellevue is located at 41°9′31″N 95°56′3″W / 41.15861°N 95.93417°W (41.158518, -95.934135)[4]. It is bounded on the east by the Missouri River. Elevation: 353 meters (1159 ft). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.4 square miles (34.7 km²), of which, 13.3 square miles (34.3 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²) of it (0.7%) is water.
The nearest hospital is Midlands Hospital (7.0 miles) located in Papillion, Nebraska. Papillion is also the location of the county courthouse. (Construction is underway to complete a hospital in Bellevue near the Twin Creek Shopping Center (25th and HWY370)).
[edit] Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1900 | 527 |
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| 1910 | 596 | 13.1% | |
| 1920 | 695 | 16.6% | |
| 1930 | 1,017 | 46.3% | |
| 1940 | 1,184 | 16.4% | |
| 1950 | 3,858 | 225.8% | |
| 1960 | 8,831 | 128.9% | |
| 1970 | 21,953 | 148.6% | |
| 1980 | 21,813 | −0.6% | |
| 1990 | 39,240 | 79.9% | |
| 2000 | 44,382 | 13.1% | |
| Est. 2008 | 49,699 | 12.0% | |
As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 44,382 people, 16,937 households, and 11,940 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,346.4 people per square mile (1,292.3/km²). There were 17,439 housing units at an average density of 1,314.9/sq mi (507.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 85.83% White, 6.13% African American, 0.50% Native American, 2.11% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 2.78% from other races, and 2.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.88% of the population.
There were 16,937 households out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.5% were non-families. 23.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the city the population was spread out with 27.4% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $47,201, and the median income for a family was $54,422. Males had a median income of $33,819 versus $25,783 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,903. About 4.1% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.9% of those under age 18 and 3.8% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] History
[edit] Fur country
Settlement of what became Bellevue began when a fur trading post was built in 1822 by Joshua Pilcher, then president of the Missouri Fur Company based in St. Louis. The post was later known as Fontenelle's Post after being run by Lucien Fontenelle, a fur trader who purchased it in 1828 to represent the American Fur Company. The Post served as a central trading point with local Omaha, Otoe, Missouri and Pawnee tribes. Early French Canadian trappers named the area Belle Vue because of the beauty of the view from the bluffs overlooking the Missouri River.
With the decline in the fur trade, in 1832 Fontenelle sold the post to the US government for the Missouri River Indian Agency (also called the Bellevue Agency). When Baptist missionaries Moses and Eliza Merrill arrived in 1833, the Indian agent let them stay temporarily at the post.
In 1835 the Merrills moved with the Otoe about eight miles to the west, where they established what was known as the Otoe or Moses Merrill Mission. Fontenelle's Post was abandoned about 1839-1842.[5]
Colonel Peter Sarpy, a fur trader and Louisiana Creole who also was based in St. Louis, established a trading post across the river from Bellevue in what became Iowa. It chiefly supplied the expeditions of European and United States settlers bound for Oregon and later, California's Gold Rush. About 1846, Sarpy also set up a ferry between Bellevue and St. Mary's, Iowa. By the 1850s, one of his ferries ran by steam.
As a prominent businessman, Sarpy was active in community affairs in Bellevue. He helped plat and organize the town. In addition, he platted Decatur. The Nebraska legislature named Sarpy County after him for his service in community organizing.
Ideally situated on the Missouri River with access to the Platte River Valley, Bellevue continued to grow. The community became a hub for transfer of manufactured goods from the East and furs from the West. From the 1840s until the 1850s, Bellevue prospered.
With the decline of the fur trade, Bellevue changed during the decade of the 1850s to a more mixed economy. As eastern Nebraska was opened to settlement in 1854, Bellevue experienced a building boom. The First Presbyterian Church, a bank, a hotel, and dozens of private homes were among the new structures built. The boom was short-lived, however. The expansion accompanied a belief that the city was to be selected as the capital of the Nebraska Territory. Since the city was the oldest and most widely known settlement in the territory, Bellevue residents were optimistic. The new territorial governor, Francis Burt, had already moved into a residence in Bellevue. Shortly after arriving, Governor Burt died. His successor T.B. Cuming selected a new upstart community as the territorial capital — Omaha, to the north on the Missouri River.
[edit] Decline
The second half of the century witnessed Bellevue's slip into relative obscurity. While Omaha grew from a few hundred in population in 1855 to 104,000 in 1890, Bellevue's numbers continued to slide until the city was near extinction. In 1876, the county seat was transferred to Papillion, 10 miles (16 km) to the west.
In the 1890s, the city's offer of inexpensive land brought Fort Crook to the Bellevue area. The fort provided impetus to Bellevue's population growth in the future. In 1966, Bellevue College (now Bellevue University) was established.[6]
From the 1880s to 1940, Bellevue's population grew minimally, from around 500 to not more than 1200 in 1940. The small growth was primarily due to the improved transportation access to Omaha, which allowed for easier commuting for workers.
[edit] Offutt Air Force Base
Fort Crook, later named and redesigned as Offutt Air Force Base, spurred Bellevue's largest growth. Offutt became home to the huge Martin bomber plant during World War II and, shortly after the war, housed the headquarters of the Strategic Air Command. It attracted thousands of workers, both civilian and military, who made Bellevue their home. Bellevue's population grew from less than 1200 in 1940 to almost 4000 in 1950 and then almost 9000 ten years later. A decade later, Bellevue's population again more than doubled, to more than 20,000.
The Martin Bomber Plant was the site of manufacture for the historically significant Enola Gay and Bockscar, the planes used by the US to drop atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, respectively, ending the Pacific war.
Offutt Air Force Base is the location of the 55th Wing, United States Strategic Command (formerly Strategic Air Command) and the Air Force Weather Agency.
The first divided highway in Nebraska was built from the south Omaha city limits to Offutt Air Force Base. Today known as Fort Crook Road, it was finished December 8, 1941, the day after the attacks at Pearl Harbor.[7]
[edit] Today
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This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) |
Bellevue's growth today is primarily due to an expanding economy in the civilian sector. The Kennedy Freeway, a limited-access highway linked to the Interstate Highway System, has stimulated a new building boom. Commercial, industrial, and residential construction are all expanding. During the decade of the 1990s, Bellevue saw its population grow by 47.5%. Economic and population growth has continued since the turn of the century.
Bellevue is the site of Fontenelle Forest, 1,400 acres (5.7 km2) of privately owned forestland with 17 miles (27 km) of hiking trails, with views of the Missouri River and surrounding area[8]. It includes the site of Fontenelle's Post. Hayworth Park at the Missouri River is also a popular tourist attraction, featuring the start of a walking trail that stretches many miles across Bellevue.
[edit] Notable Residents
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ Bellevue City Official Website, accessed 1 Oct 2009
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2005-05-03. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "Early trading posts are subject of new book" Nebraska State Historical Society Historical Newsletter, February 1999, accessed 5 Mar 2008
- ^ http://bellevue.edu/about/history.aspx
- ^ The Nebraska Highways Page: Facts About Nebraska Highways
- ^ http://www.fontenelleforest.org/come.html
[edit] External links
- City of Bellevue Website
- Bellevue Public Schools
- Bellevue Police Department
- Bellevue Chamber of Commerce
- Sarpy County Chamber of Commerce
- Bellevue, Nebraska is at coordinates 41°09′31″N 95°56′03″W / 41.158518°N 95.934135°WCoordinates: 41°09′31″N 95°56′03″W / 41.158518°N 95.934135°W
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