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Eastern mud turtle

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Eastern mud turtle
Kinosternon subrubrum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
K. subrubum
Binomial name
Kinosternon subrubrum[1]
Synonyms[2]
Kinosternon subrubrum subrubrum
  • Testudo subrubra — Lacépède, 1788
  • Testudo pensylvanica — Gmelin, 1789
  • Emydes pensilvancia — Brongniart, 1805 (ex errore)
  • Emys pensylvanica — Schweigger, 1812
  • Terrapene boscii — Merrem, 1820
  • Terrapene pensylvanica — Merrem, 1820
  • Cistuda pensylvanica — Say, 1825
  • Sternotherus pensylvanica — Gray, 1825
  • Kinosternon pennsylvanicum — Bell, 1825 (ex errore)
  • Sternothaerus boscii — Bell, 1825
  • Kinosternum pensylvanicum — Bonaparte, 1830
  • Cinosternon pensylvanicum — Wagler, 1830
  • Emys (Kinosternon) pennsylvanica — Gray, 1831
  • Clemmys (Cinosternon) pensylvanica — Fitzinger, 1835
  • Kinosternon pensylvanicum — DeKay, 1842
  • Kinosternon (Kinosternon) doubledayii — Gray, 1844
  • Kinosternon (Kinosternon) oblongum — Gray, 1844
  • Kinosternum doubledayii — LeConte, 1854
  • Kinosternum pennsylvanicum — LeConte, 1854
  • Kinosternon punctatum — Gray, 1856
  • Cinosternon pennsylvanicum — Agassiz, 1857
  • Cinosternum doubledayii — Agassiz, 1857
  • Cinosternum oblongum — Agassiz, 1857
  • Cinosternum pennsylvanicum — Agassiz, 1857
  • Cistudo pennsylvanica — Agassiz, 1857
  • Terrapene pennsylvanica — Agassiz, 1857
  • Thyrosternum pennsylvanicum — Agassiz, 1857
  • Cinosternum doubledayi — Agassiz, 1857 (ex errore)
  • Cinosternum punctatum — Agassiz, 1857
  • Cinosternon doubledayii — Strauch, 1865
  • Swanka fasciata — Gray, 1869
  • Cinosternum pensylvanicum — Boulenger, 1889
  • Kinosternon pensilvanicum — Lönnberg, 1894 (ex errore)
  • Cinosternonus pensylvanicum — Herrera, 1899
  • Cinosternum pensilvanicum — Siebenrock, 1907
  • Cinosternum pensilvanium — Siebenrock, 1909 (ex errore)
  • Testudo pensilvanica — Siebenrock, 1909
  • Kinosternon subrubrum subrubrum — Stejneger & Barbour, 1917
  • Kinonsternon subrubrum — Liner, 1954
  • Kinosternum subrubrum — Schwartz, 1961
  • Kinosternon subrum — Richard, 1999 (ex errore)
Kinosternon subrubrum hippocrepis
  • Kinosternon hippocrepis — Gray, 1856
  • Cinosternum hippocrepis — Agassiz, 1857
  • Cinosternon hippocrepis — Strauch, 1865
  • Kinosternon louisianae — Baur, 1893
  • Cinosternum louisianae — Ditmars, 1907
  • Kinosternon subrubrum hippocrepis — Stejneger & Barbour, 1917
Kinosternon subrubrum steindachneri
  • Cinosternum steindachneri — Siebenrock, 1906
  • Kinosternon steindachneri — Stejneger & Barbour, 1917
  • Kinosternon subrubrum steindachneri — Carr, 1940
  • Kinosternon subrubrum steindachnerii — Nöllert, 1992 (ex errore)

The eastern mud turtle (Kinosternon subrubrum) or common mud turtle[1] is a common species of turtle found in the United States.

Appearance

The eastern mud turtle is a small and often hard to identify species. It measures 3-4 inches in length. The carapace is keel-less, lacks any pattern, and varies in color from yellowish to black. The plastron is large and double hinged, and can be yellowish to brown, and may sometimes have a dark pattern. The chin and throat are a yellowish grey, streaked and mottled with brown, while the limbs and tail are grayish. The eye, or iris, of the eastern mud turtle is yellow with dark clouding, and its feet are webbed.

Ecology

Eastern mud turtles dwell in ponds and other freshwater habitats. They feed mainly on insects and small fish. Raccoons are known to eat this species' eggs, while herons and alligators often hunt the adults.

Distribution

Eastern mud turtles are found in the US states of Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia.[1]

In Indiana, the eastern mud turtle is listed as an endangered species.[3]

Subspecies

  • Kinosternon subrubrum subrubrum (Type species) - Eastern mud turtle[1]
  • Kinosternon subrubrum hippocrpis - Mississippi mud turtle[1]
  • Kinosternon subrubrum steindachneri - Florida mud turtle[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Rhodin, Anders G.J.; van Dijk, Peter Paul; Inverson, John B.; Shaffer, H. Bradley (2010-12-14). "Turtles of the world, 2010 update: Annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution and conservation status". Chelonian Research Monographs. 5: 000.98. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-15.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Fritz Uwe (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World". Vertebrate Zoology. 57 (2): 259–260. ISSN 18640-5755. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 29 May 2012. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Indiana Legislative Services Agency (2011), "312 IAC 9-5-4: Endangered species of reptiles and amphibians", Indiana Administrative Code, retrieved 28 Apr 2012