Icosane
| Icosane | |
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Icosane[1] |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 112-95-8  |
| PubChem | 8222 |
| ChemSpider | 7929 |
| UNII | 3AYA9KEC48 |
| EC number | 204-018-1 |
| MeSH | eicosane |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:43619 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1233983  |
| Beilstein Reference | 1700722 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C20H42 |
| Molar mass | 282.55 g mol−1 |
| Exact mass | 282.328651344 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless, transparent, waxy crystals |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Melting point |
36-38 °C, 309-311 K, 97-100 °F |
| Boiling point |
343 °C, 616.2 K, 649 °F |
| log P | 10.897 |
| kH | 31 μmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Standard molar entropy S |
558.6 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity, C | 602.5 J K−1 mol−1 (at 6.0 °C) |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | >113 °C |
| Related compounds | |
| Related alkanes | |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Icosane (also known by the name eicosane or as didecyl) is an alkane with the chemical formula C20H42. It has 366,319 constitutional isomers.
Icosane has little use in the petrochemical industry, as its high flash point makes it an inefficient fuel. Due to its chemical inactivity, n-icosane (the straight-chain structural isomer of icosane) is part of the paraffin group, and is the shortest molecule in the compounds used to form candles.
Icosane's size, state or chemical inactivity does not exclude it from the traits its smaller alkane counterparts have. It is a colorless, less dense than water, non-polar molecule, nearly non-reactive unless combusted, and insoluble in water. Its non-polar trait means it can only perform weak intermolecular bonding (hydrophobic/van der Waals forces).
Icosane's phase transition at a moderate temperature makes it a candidate phase change material, or PCM which can be used to store thermal energy and control temperature.
[edit] Naming
IUPAC currently recommends icosane,[2] whereas Chemical Abstracts Service and Beilstein use eicosane.[3]
[edit] References
- ^ "eicosane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=8222&loc=ec_rcs. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
- ^ "Table 11 Basic numerical terms (multiplying affixes)". IUPAC. http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_328.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
- ^ "Footnote for Table 11". IUPAC. http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_332.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
[edit] External links
- Icosane at Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
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