End-diastolic volume
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In cardiovascular physiology, end-diastolic volume (EDV) is the volume of blood in the right and/or left ventricle at end load or filling in (diastole) or the amount of blood in the ventricles just before systole. Because greater EDVs cause greater distention of the ventricle, 'EDV is often used synonymously with preload, which refers to the length of the sarcomeres in cardiac muscle prior to contraction (systole). An increase in EDV increases the preload on the heart and, through the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart, increases the amount of blood ejected from the ventricle during systole (stroke volume).
Parameters affecting EDV
Because nearly two-thirds of the blood in the systemic circulation is stored in the venous system, end-diastolic volume is closely related to venous compliance.
- Increasing venous compliance elevates the capacitance of the veins, reducing venous return and therefore end-diastolic volume.
- Decreasing venous compliance has the opposite effect. For example, activation of the baroreceptor reflex (occurring, for instance, in acute hemorrhage) causes vasoconstriction, which decreases venous compliance, improves venous return, and therefore increases end-diastolic volume.
Sample values
The values below are for the left ventricle:
| Ventricular volumes | ||
|---|---|---|
| Measure | Right ventricle | Left ventricle |
| End-diastolic volume | 144 mL (± 23 mL)[1] | 142 mL (± 21 mL)[2] |
| End-diastolic volume / body surface area (mL/m2) | 78 mL/m2 (± 11 mL/m2)[1] | 78 mL/m2 (± 8.8 mL/m2)[2] |
| End-systolic volume | 50 mL (± 14 mL)[1] | 47 mL (± 10 mL)[2] |
| End-systolic volume / body surface area (mL/m2) | 27 mL/m2 (± 7 mL/m2)[1] | 26 mL/m2 (± 5.1 mL/m2)[2] |
| Stroke volume | 94 mL (± 15 mL)[1] | 95 mL (± 14 mL)[2] |
| Stroke volume / body surface area (mL/m2) | 51 mL/m2 (± 7 mL/m2)[1] | 52 mL/m2 (± 6.2 mL/m2)[2] |
| Ejection fraction | 66% (± 6%)[1] | 67% (± 4.6%)[2] |
| Heart rate | 60–100 bpm[3] | 60–100 bpm[3] |
| Cardiac output | 4.0–8.0 L/minute[4] | 4.0–8.0 L/minute[4] |
The right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) ranges between 100 and 160 mL.[4] The right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) is calculated by RVEDV/BSA and ranges between 60 and 100 mL/m2.[4]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ (December 2006). "Reference right ventricular systolic and diastolic function normalized to age, gender and body surface area from steady-state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance" (PDF). European Heart Journal. 27 (23): 2879–88. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl336. PMID 17088316.
- ^ a b c d e f g Maceira A (2006). "Normalized Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function by Steady State Free Precession Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance". Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. 8: 417–426. doi:10.1080/10976640600572889. (subscription required)
- ^ a b Normal ranges for heart rate are among the narrowest limits between bradycardia and tachycardia. See the Bradycardia and Tachycardia articles for more detailed limits.
- ^ a b c d "Normal Hemodynamic Parameters – Adult" (PDF). Edwards Lifesciences LLC. 2009. Cite error: The named reference "edwards" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).