Yekusiel Yehudah Halberstam
Yekusiel Yehudah Halberstam | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Title | Klausenburger Rebbe |
| Personal life | |
| Born | Yekusiel Yehuda Halberstam January 10, 1905 Rudnik, Poland |
| Died | June 18, 1994 (aged 89) Netanya, Israel |
| Spouse | Pessel Teitelbaum, Chaya Nechama Ungar |
| Children | 11 children, Zvi Elimelech Halberstam Shmiel Dovid Halberstam Miriam Leah Mindy Hindy Yehudis Suri Esther[1] |
| Parent |
|
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Judaism |
| Jewish leader | |
| Successor | Zvi Elimelech Halberstam Shmuel Dovid Halberstam |
| Part of a series on |
| Judaism |
|---|
   |
Yekusiel Yehudah Halberstam (January 10, 1905 – June 18, 1994) was a rebbe (hereditary rabbinical leader) of the Hasidic dynasty of Sanz-Klausenburg.
Early life
[edit]Halberstam was born in 1905 in Rudnik, Poland. He was a great-grandson (in the direct male line) of Chaim Halberstam, founder of the Sanz hasidic dynasty.[2] When he was 13 his father, Tzvi Hirsch Halberstam, the rabbi of Rudnik, died.
In 1925, Halberstam married his second cousin, Pessel Teitelbaum, the daughter of Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum.
In 1930, he became rabbi of a Nusach Sefard congregation in Klausenburg, Romania.
Holocaust period
[edit] |
In 1941, a new law required all Jews living in Hungary to prove that their family had lived in and paid taxes in Hungary back to 1851. Halberstam, his wife, and their eleven children were arrested and brought to Budapest, where the family was separated. He was jailed with a group of leaders who were later sent to Auschwitz, but he was released and the family returned to Kolozsvár.[why?]
On 19 March 1944, the Germans invaded Hungary and Hungarian Jews were confined to ghettos and then deported to the Auschwitz death camp. The Klausenburg ghetto was established on 1 May 1944, and was liquidated via six transports to Auschwitz between late May and early June.
Halberstam fled to the town of Nagybánya, where he was conscripted into a forced-labor camp along with 5,000 other Hungarian Jews.
About a month after his arrival the Nazis took over Hungary. He was sent to Auschwitz, where his wife and nine of their children who remained with her in Klausenburg had been sent several months earlier. They did not survive. Halberstam was assigned to a work unit in the Warsaw Ghetto and later was sent to the Dachau concentration camp as a slave laborer, and then to the Muldorf Forest, where the Nazis were building an underground airport and missile batteries. In the spring of 1945 the Germans disbanded the Muldorf camp and sent the inmates on a death march from which the survivors, including Halberstam, were liberated by Allied troops in late April.
Halberstam's wife and ten of his children were murdered by the Nazis during World War II. His eldest son survived the war but died of illness in a refugee camp soon after. After Allied liberation, the Klausenberger Rebbe met Dwight D. Eisenhower and criticized Allied failure to bomb the death camps and train tracks leading the them, insisting it could have saved millions of Jewish lives. [3]
In spring 1946 he went to the United States, where he established his court in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York, in 1947.[1]
Remarriage
[edit]On Friday, August 22, 1947,[4] he married his second wife, Chaya Nechama Ungar, the daughter of Rabbi Shmuel Dovid Ungar.[1][4] They had five daughters and two sons.
Kiryat Sanz, Netanya
[edit]In 1958 Halberstam established the Kiryat Sanz neighborhood in Netanya, Israel, [1] and moved there from Brooklyn in 1960. He also established the Kiryat Sanz neighborhood of Jerusalem.[when?]
In 1968[citation needed] he founded another Sanz community in Union City, New Jersey,[5] and afterwards divided his time between that community and Netanya.[1]
Laniado Hospital
[edit]
Halberstam established Laniado Hospital, a voluntary, not-for-profit 484-bed hospital in Kiryat Sanz, Netanya.[6]
The hospital's first building, an outpatient clinic, opened in 1975.[7] The hospital includes two medical centers, a children's hospital, a geriatric center and a nursing school, serving a regional population of over 450,000.[8]
Death and succession
[edit]Halberstam died on 18 June 1994, and was buried in Netanya. In his will, he divided leadership of the Sanzer Hasidim between his two sons: his elder son, Zvi Elimelech Halberstam, became the rebbe of Netanya; Samuel David Halberstam became the rebbe of Brooklyn.
A biography about his life was published by Artscroll titled "The Klausenburger Rebbe", in english.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Leibowitz Schmidt, Shira. "The Rebbe's Daughters". Ami Living, September 15, 2013, pp. 59–65.
- ^ Freund, Rabbi Tuvia. "Carrying the Torch of Chachmei Yisrael: Harav Boruch Dov Povarsky of Ponevezh, shlita, and Harav Eliyahu Shmuel Schmerler, shlita". Hamodia. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
- ^ Medoff, Rafael. "Confronting General Eisenhower Over Allies' Refusal to Bomb Auschwitz". aish.com. Retrieved May 25, 2024.
- ^ a b Landesman, Yeruchem. The Wedding that Changed Despair to Hope. Mishpacha, November 11, 2009, pp. 30–34.
- ^ Tannenbaum, Rabbi Gershon (January 3, 2008). "The current Zvhiler Rebbe is a son-in-law of Rabbi Yekusiel Yehuda Halberstam, zt"l (1904–1994), Klausenberg Rebbe and founder of the Union City community". The Jewish Press. Retrieved July 1, 2008.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Hall, J. (1 February 2006). "The Hospital With a Jewish Heart". Hamodia Magazine, pp. 12–13, 17.
- ^ "Sanz Medical Center – Laniado Hospital Timeline". Sanz Medical Center – Laniado Hospital. Archived from the original on July 31, 2012. Retrieved December 25, 2010.
- ^ "About the Hospital". British Friends of Laniado Hospital. Archived from the original on November 12, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
- ^ "Artscroll: The Klausenburger Rebbe".
Sources
[edit]- Lifschitz, Judah. The Klausenberger Rebbe: The War Years. Targum Press, Inc., 2003. ISBN 1-56871-219-7
- Rabinowicz, Tzvi M. Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement and Its Masters in the Holy Land. New York: Jason Aronson, 2000. ISBN 0-7657-6068-1
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
- Rebbes of Sanz-Klausenberg
- Hasidic rabbis in Europe
- Romanian Hasidic rabbis
- People from Union City, New Jersey
- 20th-century Romanian rabbis
- American Hasidic rabbis
- People from Nisko County
- Auschwitz concentration camp survivors
- 1905 births
- 1994 deaths
- People from Williamsburg, Brooklyn
- Religious leaders from Brooklyn
- 20th-century American rabbis
- 20th-century Israeli rabbis