List of amphibians
This is a list of amphibians by Family. It lists all families and subfamilies of amphibians and mentions the number of species in each of them.
The list below largely follows Frost, 2011: Amphibian Species of the World (ASW), an Online Reference. Version 5.5 (31 January 2011).
Another classification, which largely follows Frost, but deviates from it in part is the one of AmphibiaWeb, by the University of California, Berkeley.
The major differences between the two above classifications are:
- Frost ASW has split several families off from other families (i.e. elevated to distinct families), whereas AmphibiaWeb has not (i.e. keeping them within the original families as subfamilies):
- From Dendrobatidae: Aromobatidae
- From Myobatrachidae: Limnodynastidae
- From Ranidae: Ceratobatrachidae, Dicroglossidae, Mantellidae, Micrixalidae, Nyctibatrachidae, Petropedetidae, Phrynobatrachidae, Ptychadenidae, Pyxicephalidae, Ranixalidae, Rhacophoridae
- AmphibiaWeb has also split a few families off from other families (i.e. elevated to distinct families), where Frost ASW has not (i.e. keeping them within the original families):
- From Alytidae: Discoglossidae
- From Leiopelmatidae: Ascaphidae
- From Ambystomatidae: Dicamptodontidae
- From Caeciliidae: Scolecomorphidae, Typhlonectidae
- From Ichthyophiidae: Uraeotyphlidae
Class Amphibia
Total 6771 species
Order Anura - Frogs and Toads
Total 5966 species
- Suborder Archaeobatrachia
- Family Alytidae - Painted Frogs or Disc-Tongued frogs, 12 species. The genus Discoglossus, 7 species, is considered a distinct family, Discoglossidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Bombinatoridae - Fire Belly toads, 8 species
- Family Leiopelmatidae - New Zealand primitive frogs, 6 species. The genus Ascaphus is considered a distinct family, Ascaphidae, by AmphibiaWeb
- Suborder Mesobatrachia
- Family Megophryidae - Litter frogs or Short Legged toads, 156 species
- Family Pelobatidae - European Spadefoot toads, 4 species
- Family Pelodytidae - Parsley frogs, 3 species
- Family Pipidae - Tongueless frogs or clawed frogs, 33 species
- Family Rhinophrynidae - Mexican Burrowing Toad, 1 species
- Family Scaphiopodidae - American spadefoot toads, 7 species
- Suborder Neobatrachia
- Family Allophrynidae, 1 species
- Family Aromobatidae - 104 species, considered part of the family Dendrobatidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Subfamily: Allobatinae, 46 species
- Subfamily: Anomaloglossinae, 26 species.
- Subfamily: Aromobatinae, 31 species.
- Family Arthroleptidae - Screeching frogs or squeakers, 140 species
- Subfamily: Arthroleptinae, 89 species
- Subfamily: Leptopelinae, 51 species
- Family Brachycephalidae - Saddleback toads, 51 species.
- Family Brevicipitidae - 31 species
- Family Bufonidae - True toads, 558 species
- Family Calyptocephalellidae - 4 species
- Family Centrolenidae - Glass frogs, 146 species
- Subfamily: Centroleninae, 604
- Subfamily: Hyalinobatrachiinae, 30 spe cies
- Family Ceratobatrachidae, 85 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Ceratophryidae - 86 species
- Subfamily: Batrachylinae, 14 species
- Subfamily: Ceratophryinae, 12 species.
- Subfamily: Telmatobiinae, 60 species
- Family Ceuthomantidae - 4 species, split off from family Brachycephalidae
- Family Craugastoridae - 115 species
- Family Cycloramphidae - 105 species
- Subfamily: Alsodinae, 70 species
- Subfamily: Cycloramphinae, 34 species
- Family Dendrobatidae - Poison dart frogs, 179 species
- Subfamily: Colostethinae, 61 species
- Subfamily: Dendrobatinae, 58 species
- Subfamily: Hyloxalinae, 58 species
- Family Dicroglossidae, 171 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Subfamily: Dicroglossinae, 149 species
- Subfamily: Occidozyginae, 22 species
- Family Eleutherodactylidae - 201 species
- Subfamily: Eleutherodactylinae, 194 species
- Subfamily: Phyzelaphryninae, 7 species
- Family Heleophrynidae - Ghost frogs, 7 species
- Family Hemiphractidae - 94 species
- Family Hemisotidae - Shovelnose frogs, 9 species
- Family Hylidae - Tree frogs, 901 species
- Subfamily: Hylinae, 646 species
- Subfamily: Pelodryadinae, 197 species
- Subfamily: Phyllomedusinae, 58 species
- Family Hylodidae - 42 species
- Family Hyperoliidae - Sedge frogs or bush frogs, 209 species
- Family Leiuperidae, 86 species
- Family Leptodactylidae - Southern frogs or tropical frogs, 100 species
- Family Mantellidae, 191 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Subfamily: Boophinae, 72 species
- Subfamily: Laliostominae, 4 species
- Subfamily: Mantellinae, 115 species
- Family Micrixalidae - 11 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Microhylidae - Narrow-mouthed frogs, 487 species
- Subfamily: Asterophryinae, 248 species
- Subfamily: Cophylinae, 57 species
- Subfamily: Dyscophinae, 3 species
- Subfamily: Gastrophryninae, 52 species
- Subfamily: Hoplophryninae, 3 species
- Subfamily: Kalophryninae, 16 species
- Subfamily: Melanobatrachinae, 1 species
- Subfamily: Microhylinae, 70 species
- Subfamily: Otophryninae, 3 species
- Subfamily: Phrynomerinae, 5 species
- Subfamily: Scaphiophryninae, 10 species
- Family Myobatrachidae - Australian ground frogs, 85 species
- Family Limnodynastidae, 43 species, considered part of the family Myobatrachidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Nasikabatrachidae - 1 species, formerly included in family Sooglossidae
- Family Nyctibatrachidae - 17 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Petropedetidae, 18 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Phrynobatrachidae - 82 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Ptychadenidae - 53 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Pyxicephalidae - 68 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Subfamily: Cacosterninae, 63 species
- Subfamily: Pyxicephalinae, 5 species
- Family Ranidae - True frogs, 347 species
- Family Ranixalidae - 10 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Rhacophoridae - Moss frogs, 321 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Subfamily: Buergeriinae, 4 species
- Subfamily: Rhacophorinae, 317 species
- Family Sooglossidae Seychelles Frog, 4 species.
- Family Strabomantidae, 569 species
- Subfamily: Holoadeninae, 47 species
- Subfamily: Strabomantinae, 522 species, removed from family Brachycephalidae
Order Caudata - Salamanders
Total 619 species
- Suborder Cryptobranchoidea
- Family Cryptobranchidae - Giant salamanders, 3 species
- Family Hynobiidae - Asiatic salamanders, 55 species
- Subfamily: Hynobiinae, 54 species
- Subfamily: Protohynobiinae, 1 species
- Suborder Salamandroidea
- Family Ambystomatidae - Mole salamanders, 37 species. The genus Dicamptodon (4 species) is considered a distinct family, Dicamptodontidae by AmphibiaWeb: Pacific giant salamanders
- Family Amphiumidae - Amphiumas or Congo eels, 3 species
- Family Plethodontidae - Lungless salamanders, 418 species
- Subfamily: Bolitoglossinae, 283 species
- Subfamily: Hemidactyliinae, 1 species
- Subfamily: Plethodontinae, 98 species
- Subfamily: Spelerpinae, 36 species
- Family Proteidae - Mudpuppies and Waterdogs, 6 species
- Family Rhyacotritonidae - Torrent salamanders, 4 species
- Family Salamandridae - True salamanders and newts, 89 species
- Subfamily: Pleurodelinae, 71 species
- Subfamily: Salamandrinae, 16 species
- Subfamily: Salamandrininae, 2 species
- Suborder Sirenoidea
- Family Sirenidae - Sirens, 4 species
Order Gymnophiona - Caecilian
Total 186 species
- Family Caeciliidae - Common caecilians, 125 species. Most species in this family are sometimes placed in the subfamily Caeciliinae, however, this is not always considered a coherent subfamily. The remaining two subfamilies contain a small minority of the species:
- Subfamily: Scolecomorphinae, 6 species, considered a distinct family, Scolecomorphidae, by AmphibiaWeb
- Subfamily: Typhlonectinae, 13 species, considered a distinct family, Typhlonectidae, by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Ichthyophiidae - Fish caecilians, 50 species. The genus Uraeotyphlus, 7 species, is considered a distinct family, Uraeotyphlidae, by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Rhinatrematidae - Beaked caecilians, 11 species
- Family Caeciliidae - Common caecilians, 125 species. Most species in this family are sometimes placed in the subfamily Caeciliinae, however, this is not always considered a coherent subfamily. The remaining two subfamilies contain a small minority of the species:
See also
Sources
Largely based on: Frost, Darrel R. 2011. Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference. Version 5.5 (31 January 2011). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.