Sodium butyrate
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Sodium butanoate
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| Other names
Sodium butyrate
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.326 |
PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C4H7NaO2 | |
| Molar mass | 110.088 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Sodium butyrate is a compound with formula Na(C3H7COO). It is the sodium salt of butyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation and induction or repression of gene expression.[1] As such, it can be used in lab to bring about any of these effects. Specifically, butyrate treatment of cells results in histone hyperacetylation, and butyrate itself inhibits class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity,[2] specifically HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC8. Butyrate has been an essential vehicle for determining the role of histone acetylation in chromatin structure and function. Inhibition of HDAC activity is estimated to affect the expression of only 2% of mammalian genes.[3]
In the lab, sodium butyrate is usually found as a white, water-soluble, crystalline solid. The chemical is notable for having a very strong, unpleasant smell that lingers. [4] When working with sodium butyrate, gloves, eye protection and respiratory masks are advised for safety purposes. [5]
See also
References
- ^ Kruh, Jacques (1981). "Effects of sodium butyrate, a new pharmacological agent, on cells in culture". Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 42 (2): 65–82. doi:10.1007/BF00222695. PMID 6174854.
- ^ Candido, E; Reeves, Raymond; Davie, James R. (1978). "Sodium butyrate inhibits histone deacetylation in cultured cells". Cell. 14 (1): 105–13. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(78)90305-7. PMID 667927.
- ^ Davie, James R. (2003). "Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase Activity by Butyrate". The Journal of Nutrition. 133 (7 Suppl): 2485S–2493S. PMID 12840228.
- ^ "Sodium butanoate | 156-54-7". www.chemicalbook.com. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
- ^ "Sodium butyrate ≥98.5% (GC) | Sigma-Aldrich". www.sigmaaldrich.com. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
Further reading
- Govindarajan, Nambirajan; Agis-Balboa, Roberto Carlos; Walter, Jonas; Sananbenesi, Farahnaz; Fischer, André (2011). "Sodium Butyrate Improves Memory Function in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model When Administered at an Advanced Stage of Disease Progression". Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 26 (1): 187–97. doi:10.3233/JAD-2011-110080. PMID 21593570.