São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro
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São Gonçalo | |
|---|---|
| Município do São Gonçalo | |
 | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Nickname: Manchester Fluminense | |
 Localization in Rio de Janeiro | |
  São Gonçalo Localization in Brazil | |
| Coordinates: 22°49′37″S 43°03′14″W / 22.82694°S 43.05389°W | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| Region | Southeast |
| State |  Rio de Janeiro |
| City Established | 22 September 1890 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor-council |
| • Body | Prefeitura de São Gonçalo |
| • Mayor | Capitão Nelson (Avante) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 249.142 km2 (96.194 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 19 m (62 ft) |
| Population (2020[1]) | |
| • Total | 1,091,737 |
| • Density | 4,400/km2 (11,000/sq mi) |
| Demonym | gonçalense |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| Area code | +55 21 |
São Gonçalo (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐ̃w ɡõˈsalu]) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is on northeastern Guanabara Bay in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area. It is the 16th most populous city in Brazil.
Location
The population of São Gonçalo was 1,091,737 in 2020, and its area is 249 square kilometres (96 square miles).[2]
It is the second most populous city of the state, after the capital Rio de Janeiro city. Until recently it was the third largest, when Mesquita was split off as its own city from Nova Iguaçu. It is considered an important metropolitan industrial city, being a large part of the local economy and the GDP of the State of Rio de Janeiro.
The municipality contains 4% of the 1,936 hectares (4,780 acres) Guanabara Ecological Station, created in 2006.[3] It contains part of the Central Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest Mosaic of conservation units, created in 2006.[4]
Climate
The climate type of São Gonçalo is Atlantic tropical, with rainy summers and relatively dry winters. Temperatures vary throughout the year, and may have a maximum temperature up to 40 °C (104 °F) in summer, and a minimum temperature close to 10 °C (50 °F) during winter. Generally, temperatures range between the maximum of 25 to 35 °C (77 to 95 °F) and minimum 14 to 24 °C (57 to 75 °F). But for the most part of the year (primarily May to October) the temperature is milder due to the climate being drier and cooler.
Demography
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1991 | 779,832 |
| 1996 | 831,467 |
| 2000 | 891,119 |
| 2007 | 960,631 |
| 2012 | 1,016,128 |
| 2020 | 1,091,737 |
São Gonçalo has a high index of population growth. The city has an estimated population of 1,091,737 (2020 estimate). According to the 2012 Census, the racial makeup of São Gonçalo includes: Whites (22.7%), Brown (54.1%), black or African (20.2%), two or more races (3%) and Asian (0.02%). Non-Brazilian population by any race was 3.5% (Paraguayan 2%, Bolivian 1%, Chinese 0.5%), a high index compared to cities in Brazil.
Territorial organization
São Gonçalo is administratively divided into 91 bairros (neighborhoods) and 5 distritos (districts).[5]
| 1° Distrito - Centro |
|---|
| Alcântara |
| Antonina |
| Boaçu |
| Brasilândia |
| Centro |
| Colubandê |
| Cruzeiro do Sul |
| Estrela do Norte |
| Fazenda dos Mineiros |
| Galo Branco |
| Itaoca |
| Itaúna |
| Lindo Parque |
| Luiz Caçador |
| Mutondo |
| Mutuá |
| Mutuaguaçu |
| Mutuapira |
| Nova Cidade |
| Palmeira |
| Porto do Rosa |
| Recanto das Acácias |
| Rocha |
| Rosane |
| Salgueiro |
| São Miguel |
| Tribobó |
| Trindade |
| Vila Lara |
| Zé Garoto |
| 2° Distrito - Ipiíba |
|---|
| Almerinda |
| Amendoeira |
| Anaia Grande |
| Anaia Pequeno |
| Arrastão |
| Arsenal |
| Coelho |
| Eliane |
| Engenho do Roçado |
| Ieda |
| Ipiíba |
| Jardim Amendoeira |
| Jardim Nova República |
| Jockey |
| Maria Paula |
| Rio do Ouro |
| Sacramento |
| Santa Isabel |
| Várzea das Moças |
| Vila Candoza |
| 3° Distrito - Monjolos |
|---|
| Barracão |
| Bom Retiro |
| Gebara |
| Guarani |
| Guaxindiba |
| Jardim Catarina |
| Lagoinha |
| Laranjal |
| Largo da Ideia |
| Marambaia |
| Miriambi |
| Monjolos |
| Pacheco |
| Raul Veiga |
| Santa Luzia |
| Tiradentes |
| Vila Três |
| Vista Alegre |
| 4° Distrito - Neves |
|---|
| Boa Vista |
| Camarão |
| Gradim |
| Mangueira |
| Neves |
| Parada 40 |
| Paraíso |
| Patronato |
| Porto da Madama |
| Porto da Pedra |
| Porto Novo |
| Porto Velho |
| Vila Lage |
| 5° Distrito - Sete Pontes |
|---|
| Barro Vermelho |
| Convanca |
| Engenho Pequeno |
| Morro do Castro |
| Novo México |
| Pita |
| Santa Catarina |
| Tenente Jardim |
| Venda da Cruz |
| Zumbi |
Education
The Rio de Janeiro State Teachers Training College (FFP-UERJ) stands out in the city. It is the largest teachers' college in the state of Rio de Janeiro, offering advanced training of senior staff. The campus offers undergraduate courses in Biological Sciences, History, Geography, Letters: Portuguese / Literatures, Letters: Portuguese / English, Mathematics and Pedagogy. More graduates from FFP pass state tests than any other teaching institution in Brazil. Its importance is magnified when one analyzes what an advanced training pole of senior staff from the UERJ is. Its students are mostly residents from São Gonçalo, but many come from Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Itaboraí, and municipalities of the Baixada Fluminense region, among others. For many years, students of this campus demanding the implementation of a bus intercampi free to link to the Saint Mary UERJ Maracanã.
The Polo Open University of Brazil has courses in the Consortium of Universities CEDERJ UFF (Computer Science), UFRJ (Chemistry) and UFRRJ (Administration and Tourism).
Health
São Gonçalo has eight major hospitals: Hospital Estadual Alberto Torres; Eye Hospital Niteroi; Hospital Luiz Palmier; Hospital Adam Pereira Nunes; Barone Hospital de Medeiros; Silveira Hospital Infantil Darcy Vargas, Hospital Pads, and Hospital Santa Maria.[6]
Garbage collection crisis
São Gonçalo suffers constantly from poor garbage collection services, and it is common for litter to accumulate on the streets. In December 2008, workers responsible for cleaning the streets went on strike, severely compromising public sanitation.[7] In January 2011, garbage collection ceased for more than a week in some parts of the city.[8] The garbage collection issue has since been resolved.
Notable people
- Helton Arruda, goalkeeper.
- Marcelo Freixo, Brazilian politician, broadcaster and professor.
- Vinícius Júnior, a professional footballer currently playing for Real Madrid.
- Zélio Fernandino de Moraes, founder of the Umbanda Branca religious sect.[9]
See also
References
- ^ IBGE 2020
- ^ IBGE – efault.php
- ^ ESEC da Guanabara (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 5 October 2016
- ^ Costa, Cláudia; Lamas, Ivana; Fernandes, Rosan (December 2010), Planejamento Estratégico do Mosaico Central Fluminense (PDF) (in Portuguese), Reserva da Biosfera da Mata Atlântica, p. 13, retrieved 2 October 2016
- ^ "Prefeitura Municipal de São Gonçalo: Mapas e Bairros". Prefeitura Municipal de São Gonçalo. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
- ^ "Plano de Saúde Rio de Janeiro". Monday, 17 January 2022
- ^ "Greve de garis espalha mais de 800 toneladas de lixo pelas ruas de São Gonçalo". Archived from the original on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
- ^ "Moradores de São Gonçalo ainda sofrem com falta de coleta de lixo". Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
- ^ Saidenberg, Theresa. "Como surgiu a Umbanda em nosso país: 70° aniversário de uma religião brasileira." Revista Planeta, São Paulo, N. 75, December 1978. pp. 34–35.and
External links
Media related to São Gonçalo at Wikimedia Commons
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| Mesoregion Baixadas |
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| Mesoregion Centro Fluminense |
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| Mesoregion Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro |
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| Mesoregion Noroeste Fluminense |
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| Mesoregion Norte Fluminense |
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| Mesoregion Sul Fluminense |
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