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This is a page for stuff I need to follow up upon, mostly weblinks I find when away from home.

User:T L Miles/stuff/Niger Administration

http://www.iss.co.za/af/profiles/Senegal/Politics.html

http://www.lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?LangID=20&menu=004

User:T L Miles/stuff/Niger_cities_work

http://world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1213668619&men=gcis&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-156&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500

http://www.clickafrique.com/Magazine/ST010/Default.aspx

search

French search

http://observers.france24.com/fr/content/20080807-coup-etat-mauritanie-nouakchott-photos-expatriee-putsch-temoignage

http://www.apanews.net/apa.php?page=jo_index_eng

Here are some tasks awaiting attention:

Citations used a lot

Robert J. Mundt. Historical Dictionary of the Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire). Scarecrow Press/ Metuchen. NJ - London (1987) ISBN 0810820293
Lucie Gallistel Colvin. Historical Dictionary of Senegal. Scarecrow Press/ Metuchen. NJ - London (1981) ISBN 081081885x
Pascal James Imperato. Historical Dictionary of Mali. Scarecrow Press/ Metuchen. NJ - London (1986) ISBN 0810813696
James Decalo. Historical Dictionary of Niger. Scarecrow Press/ Metuchen. NJ - London (1979) ISBN 0810812290
Finn Fuglestad. A History of Niger: 1850-1960. Cambridge University Press (1983) ISBN 0521252687
Jolijn Geels. Niger. Bradt UK/ Globe Pequot Press USA (2006) ISBN 9781841621524

Search resources

Niger population data

http://www.senat.fr/rap/r04-512/r04-5122.html#fnref10 http://www.stone-env.com/isd/isdres.html http://www.tageo.com/index-e-ng-cities-NE.htm https://www.uni-hohenheim.de/~atlas308/b_niger/projects/b1_4/html/english/ntext_en_b1_4.htm https://www.uni-hohenheim.de/~atlas308/b_niger/projects/b1_5/html/english/ntext_en_b1_5.htm http://www.mongabay.com/igapo/2005_world_city_populations/Niger.html http://www.fallingrain.com/world/NG/index.html http://www.tageo.com/index-e-ng-v-06-lg-fr.htm http://www.stone-env.com/isd/isdatlas.html#Niger_atlas http://www.senat.fr/rap/r04-512/r04-5122.html#fnref10 http://www.citypopulation.de/Niger.html http://www.stat-niger.org/Annuaire/demographie/Population2.htm http://www.fao.org/es/ess/top/country.html;jsessionid=2E953E81BD2C5A038C75D1025C2F313C?lang=en&country=158&year=2005 http://www.cicred.org/Eng/Publications/content/5CicredFAOMonographs/Folder1.html http://laborsta.ilo.org/

http://www.everyculture.com/Ma-Ni/Niger.html

http://geoconfluences.ens-lsh.fr/doc/breves/2006/2.htm

2008-03-19/2

Alpoim Calvão De Conakry ao M.D.L.P: Dossier secreto. Intervenção: Lisbon (1976)
Saturnino Monteiro . Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa 6º Periodo - de 1808 a 1975

(Debilidade económica; divisão ideológica)

Piero Gleijeses. The First Ambassadors: Cuba's Contribution to Guinea-Bissau's War of Independence. Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol. 29, No. 1 (Feb., 1997), pp. 45-88

Calvão qouted saying that Cabral would have been killed if captured

Benjamim de Abreu sub commandeer of operation, also future MDLP operative

Mali football clubs

2008-03-10

S. Kobele-Keita. Qui'a organisé l'agression du 22 novembre 1970 contre la Guinée? Conakry: Ed. universitaires, 1993

Ladipo Adamolekun, "L'agression du 22 Novembre 1970: Faits et commentaires," Revuefrancaise des etudes politi- ques africaines,

[http://www.jeuneafrique.com/jeune_afrique/article_jeune_afrique.asp?art_cle=LIN26036pierrsiagut0# Pierre Clostermann, Sékou Touré et les Portugais FRANCE - 26 mars 2006 - par ANDRÉ LEWIN ANCIEN AMBASSADEUR DE FRANCE EN GUINÉE (1976-1979)

[http://www.westafrik.com/perpetrateurs/portugal/index.html L'enjeu pour le Portugal. Les prisonniers militaires du PAIGC d'Amilcar Cabral Transférés de Mamou sur ordre de Sékou Touré , ils furent incarcérés au siège du PAICG à Bellevue (Conakry), d'où ils seront extraits le 22 novembre 1970 par les commandos portugais accompagnés d'opposants Guinéens civils et armés au régime de Sékou Touré]

[http://www.westafrik.com/victimes/novembre22/index.html webGuinée Memorial Camp Boiro Attaque du 22 Novembre 1970].

Décision du Bureau Politique National

A la suite de l'agression impérialo-portugaise du 22 novembre 1970 et devant la nécessité d'organiser avec rigueur la mobilisation du Peuple et la défense de la Patrie, le BPN décide : les différents organismes chargés des opérations dans le cadre de la défense de la Révolution sont réorganisés de la façon suivante:

Haut-Commandement

La direction générale des opérations est confiée à un Haut-Commandement qui comprend :

1. Ahmed Sekou Touré , Responsable Suprême de la Révolution, Commandant en chef des Forces Armées Populaires et Révolutionnaires 2. El-Hadj Saifoulaye Diallo , membre du Bureau Politique National 3. Lansana Béavogui , membre du Bureau Politique National 4. N'Famara Keita , membre du Bureau Politique National 5. Ismaël Touré , membre du Bureau Politique National 6. Mamadi Keita , membre du Bureau Politique National (en permanence à Labé) 7. Sékou Chérif , minitre-délégué pour la Guinée-Maritime 8. Saïdou Kéita , ambassadeur de la RG à Bonn 9. Fily Cissoko , chef du Protocole de la Présidence 10. Ibrahima Camara , secrétaire général par interim du Comité National des Jeunes

Arrest orders, arrests, and execution list

narrative of relase and recapture of prisoners Narrative of crackdown

1973 anniversary protests

[http://www.westafrik.com/bibliotheque/portos/verite_ministre/tdm.html Alpha Abdoulaye Diallo Portos La vrit du ministre. Dix ans dans les geles de Skou Tour Paris. Calman-Lvy. 1985. ] Part I L'agression portugaise du 22 novembre 1970 et ses consquences

"e. Le 22 novembre 1970, lors de lagression portugaise, il fait partie de ceux qui vont aller entourer le Prsident Skou Tour et organiser la scurit du Chef de lEtat et de sa famille. Contre toute attente, il est arrt une anne plus tard pour avoir participer au complot de la cinquime colonne . Il va purger dix ans de prison au Camp Boiro."

Un ancien ministre décrit l'enfer vécu dans les geôles de Sékou Touré, APA, UFDG Union des Forces Démocratiques de Guinée

http://www.radioafrica.com.au/Discographies/Guinean.html Ahmed Sékou Touré 1970 Poèmes militants. Syliphone. SLP 13. 33.3 rpm disc. 1971 Appels au peuple. 22 Novembre 1970. Syliphone. SLP 26. 33.3 rpm disc.

http://bissauccac13.com.sapo.pt/BissauConackry.html

2008 Memorial News Report

Pêcheurs autochtones et pêcheurs migrants;approche diachronique de l’activité de pêche sur les côtes méridionales des Rivières du Sud S. BOUJU., Socio-Anthropologue,CETMA,Paris: p104. "Le 22 novembre 1970 eut lieu le débarquement guinéo-portugaiss auquel les pêcheursghandens sont accusês d'avoir participê. Menacds d'expulsion, ils préfêrèrent quitter en masse le pays et à la fin de l'année 1970, il ne restait pratiquement aucun pCckeur ghanéen en Guinée. "

L’art oratoire Chez Sékou Touré

De la conquête de l’espace publique à l’exercice du pouvoir politique

par Alpha BARRY stagiaire post-doctoral au GRADIP, Chaire du Canada en Mondialisation, Citoyenneté et Démocratie https://depot.erudit.org/retrieve/763/000156pp.doc

La vie politique guinéenne était constamment animée par des fêtes qui servaient à réchauffer l’atmosphère publique. Ces fêtes nationales annuelles sont les suivantes : 9 février, fête des femmes à l’honneur de Mbalia CAMARA, militante du parti qui a été assassinée au cours des luttes politiques ; 1er mars, anniversaire de la création de la monnaie guinéenne ; 26 mars, anniversaire de la création du mouvement de la jeunesse, JRDA ; 14 mai, anniversaire de la création du PDG, Parti Démocratique de Guinée ; 2 août, anniversaire du déclenchement de la révolution culturelle socialiste, fête de l’école guinéenne ; 28 septembre, anniversaire du référendum du NON à de GAULLE ; 2 octobre, fête de l’indépendance ; 22 novembre, fête de l’armée guinéenne, anniversaire de l’échec du débarquement des mercenaires. Les événements politiques Survenant dans la vie de la nation, les événements politiques, peuvent imposer au président la proclamation d’un discours. Tel est les cas du premier et deuxième appel à la nation, le 22 novembre 1970, appels consécutifs au débarquement des mercenaires dans la capitale guinéenne, et de la révolte des femmes survenue le 27 août 1977.

[http://tekrur-ucad.refer.sn/IMG/pdf/08KANEGUINEESENEGALVOISIN.pdf Le Sénégal et la Guinée (1958-1978) Moustapha Kane]

2008-03-19

User:T L Miles/stuff/Op Mer Verde

2008-03-26

http://www.google.com/search?q=Liberian+Refugee+%22Staten+Island%22&num=100&hl=en&safe=active&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&start=100&sa=N&safe=on http://www.mnadvocates.org/ http://www.ictj.org/en/news/features/1015.html http://library.stanford.edu/africa/african-diaspora/african-diaspora-united-states.html http://library.stanford.edu/africa/liberia.html http://www.upenn.edu/pennnews/current/features/012408-1.html http://onliberia.org/history.htm http://www.ulaaliberia.net/overview.htm http://www.africanevents.com/store.htm http://media.www.themhnews.com/media/storage/paper999/news/2008/03/06/News/Liberian.Civil.War.Inspires.Students.At.Five.Colleges.To.Volunteer.To.Raise.Awar-3259846.shtml http://www.silive.com/news/advance/index.ssf?/base/news/1201185020108020.xml&coll=1 http://www.silive.com/news/index.ssf/2007/11/searching_for_ways_to_end_blac.html http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/i/immigration_and_refugees/index.html?query=STATEN%20ISLAND%20(NYC)&field=geo&match=exact http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/12/14/america/14liberians.php http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0606/20/ltm.08.html http://rsq.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/citation/21/1_and_2/352 http://rsq.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/citation/12/2/29 http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSN17348788 http://www.theadvocatesforhumanrights.org/Liberia_TRC_Receives_Unprecedented_Support_in_Buduburam_Refugee_Camp_as_Refugees_Turn_Out_in_Dozens_to_Give_Statements.html http://wimam.net/archive.html http://upge.wn.com/?template=cheetah-photo-search/index.txt&query=order&language_id=-1 http://www.liberiaseabreeze.com/gb-liberty-script.html http://www.citylimits.org/content/articles/articleView.cfm?articlenumber=818 http://www.rclalitpur.org.np/theygaveus_article.htm http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:kWHvnQTVoHAJ:www.microenterpriseworks.org/index.asp%3Fdownloadid%3D471+Liberian+Refugee+%22Staten+Island%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=75&gl=us&client=firefox-a http://www.africamigration.com/archive_01/m_okome_globalization_02.htm http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/0/c07904df7b986c21862573ff001a70a6?OpenDocument&Click= http://trinitylutheransiny.org/history.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Taylor_(Liberia) http://books.google.com/books?id=ARzzLcbZjpIC&pg=PA136&lpg=PA136&dq=liberian+refugee+%22staten+island%22&source=web&ots=cPk-nNuRrz&sig=1zXCfZe6IfF4eE6UZ2Va3F3S9hA&hl=en http://www.wagner.edu/news/node/877 http://www.statenislandarts.org/grnts/grants2002.html http://thanks.unrefugees.com/view.asp http://www.nypl.org/branch/staten/index2.cfm?Trg=1&d1=962&template=NUCMCsiias http://www.jasonjprice.com/history.html http://www.nyc.gov/html/cchr/html/staten_island.html http://www2.nursingspectrum.com/articles/article.cfm?aid=9427

http://www.aboutliberiatoday.com/ http://www.allaboutliberia.com/ http://172.22.210.69/cgi-bin/overmain?args=d29ya3N0YXRpb249MTcyLjIyLjY1LjE1MyZ1cmw9YUhSMGNEb3ZMM2QzZHk1amIzQnNZUzV2Y21jdmFXNWtaWGd1YUhSdGJBPT0mcHJvZmlsZT1CbG9ja09mZmVuc2l2ZSZ1c2VyPVNWQ01DXHRtaWxlcyZvbD0wJnJhPTEmcmF0aW5ncz1jaHQscG9s http://www.ifrc.org/where/country/cn5.asp?countryid=103 http://www.liberiaconsulate.com/ http://pages.prodigy.net/jkess3/Overseas.htm http://www.liberianlegal.com/immigrationadvocacy.htm http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/globalconnections/liberia/educators/history/lesson1.html http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/dbc.nsf/doc104?OpenForm&rc=1&cc=lbr http://www.humanitarianinfo.org/liberia/search.asp http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/doc106?openform&rc=1&cc=lbr&se=9

Map work attempt

User:T L Miles/stuff/locationmapwork

Women of CI citations 2008-04-02

Barbara Böni Easing the work of making palm oil: Women solve a pressing problem, Leisa Magazine, Vol 9 no 3, October 1993, p 22-23

Chantal Vlei-Yoruba : "Droit de la famille et réalités familiales : le cas de la Côte d'Ivoire depuis l'indépendance" (pp.172-179, in CLIO: Histoire, Femmes et Sociétés. Special issue "Femmes d'Afrique". no 6, 1997

Appleton, Simon; And Others Gender, Education, and Employment in Cote d'Ivoire. Social Dimensions of Adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa. Working Paper No. 8. Policy Analysis. World Bank (1990) ISBN-0-8213-1575-7

Montgomery, B. (1977). The Economic Role of the Ivoirian Woman, Center of Research on Economic Development, The University of Michigan [xerox], An Arbor Weekes-Vagliani, W. (1992). «Structural Adjustment and Gender in Côte d'Ivoire.» Women and Adjustment in the Third World, H. Afshar, & Dennis, Carolyn, ed., St Martin's Press, New York, 117-149.

Aysit Tansel . Schooling Attainment, Parental Education, and Gender in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 45:825–856, July 1997

Virginia Thompson, Richard Adloff. French West Africa. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. (1958) pp.527-8, 580-82

Schuerkens, U. (1996). Women in the Ivory Coast : the Intertwining of Memory and Gender, Oxford University Press, Lond

Jeanne Maddox Toungara. "The Changing Status of Women in Côte d'Ivoire." (Paper presented at African Studies Association Annual Meeting.) Denver, Colorado: November 20, 1987.

Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch, Les Africaines, histoire des femmes d’Afrique noire du XIXe au XXe siècle, Editions Desjonquères, 1994,

Bernard Doza. LE CONTINENT NOIR EN PLEINE ÉBULLITION: Naissance d’un nationalisme ivoirien. Le Monde Diplomatique, April, 2003.

Focus on Women in Côte d’Ivoire . United Nations Development Programme, Crisis Prevention and Recovery. (nd), retreived 2008-04-02.

Women's Organisations Côte d'Ivoire: list of contact details. (nd), retreived 2008-04-02.

site:links.jstor.org "Women in Côte d'Ivoire"

http://abidjan.usembassy.gov/women_in_cote_divoire.html http://www.childinfo.org/areas/fgmc/profiles/CotedIvoire/CotedIvoire%20FGC%20profile%20English.pdf COTE D’IVOIRE FGM/C COUNTRY PROFILE (source: UNICEF, Cote D’Ivoire DHS, 1994, 1998/99

http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/macarthur/inequality/papers/UdryIntrahouseholdResourceAll.pdf. Intrahousehold Resource Allocation in Cote d’Ivoire: Social Norms, Separate Accounts and Consumption Choices ∗ Esther Duflo, † and Christopher Udry ‡ December 21, 2004

http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED327430&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED327430

http://books.google.com/books?id=YRDR64nS73gC&pg=PA46&lpg=PA46&dq=%22women+in+c%C3%B4te+d+ivoire%22&source=web&ots=pSqW9w079X&sig=RLkahn2bbcueOPgpX2z0HGSJGnA&hl=en

http://www.uic.edu/classes/gws/gws102/fc_special_report.pdf

http://blog.oup.com/2007/03/womens_history_/

http://www.fondationblachere.org/fr/action_detail.donut?id=21

http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-16106979.html Inventing the African family: gender and family law reform in Cote D'Ivoire. (Ivory Coast) From: Journal of Social History | Date: 9/22/1994 | Author: Toungara, Jeanne Maddox

http://www.mongabay.com/reference/country_studies/ivory-coast/SOCIETY.html

http://www.ined.fr/coll_abidjan/publis/pdf/session3/barthel.pdf Colloque international Genre, population et développement en Afrique International Colloquium Gender, Population and Development in Africa U EPA/ U APS, I NED, E NSEA, I FORD Abidjan, 16-21 juillet 2001 Session III • I négalités de Droit, Inégalités de citoyenneté. Inégalités d’accès à la citoyenneté : Le rôle des anciennes élèves des écoles supérieures d’AOF dans l’émergence des femmes africaines en politique Pascale BARTHELEMY

http://www.ined.fr/coll_abidjan/publis/pdf/session2/coquery.pdf Colloque international Genre, population et développement en Afrique International Colloquium Gender, Population and Development in Africa U EPA/ U APS, I NED, E NSEA, I FORD Abidjan, 16-21 juillet 2001 Session 2 • Nouvelles approches méthodologiques Des femmes colonisées aux femmes de l'indépendance, ou du misérabilisme au développement par les femmes : approche historique Catherine COQUERY- VIDROVITCH

http://www.who.int/GlobalAtlas/predefinedReports/EFS2006/EFS_PDFs/EFS2006_CI.pdf

http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/452309?journalCode=edcc

http://www.afdb.org/pls/portal/url/ITEM/408AFB25FB477BDDE040C00A0C3D670C

REPUBLIC OF COTE D’IVOIRE POST-CRISIS MULTISECTOR INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT APPRAISAL REPORT

La Révolte des Femmes: Economic Upheaval and the Gender of Political Authority in Lomé, Togo, 1931-33 African Studies Review, Apr 2003 by Lawrance, Benjamin N

http://www.onderzoekinformatie.nl/nl/oi/biza/d43000o/OND1314546/ Project: Efficacy of microfinancing women's agricultural activities with emphasis on the HIV/AIDS context in Côte d'Ivoire

http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=70727

http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=70003

http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=75302

http://www.ritimo.org/dossiers_pays/afrique/cote_ivoire/cote_ivoire_bibliographie.html

Global food prices spikes, 2008-04-04

[http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdgetreport.aspx?hidReportRetrievalName=BVS&hidReportRetrievalID=686&hidReportRetrievalTemplateID=8 Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks (Thousand Metric Tons) United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service 3/11/2008

The use of food crops for biofuels, coupled with greater food demand, has reversed the path of declining price trends for several commodities.

For highly import-dependent or highly food-insecure countries, any decline in import capacity stemming from rising food prices can have challenging food security implications.

Food aid, a key safety net source, has stagnated during the last two decades, and its share has declined relative to total food imports of low-income countries.

The cost of eating. Rising food prices are now affecting communities that had previously been protected from the scourge of hunger. Josette Sheeran, The Guardiun, February 26, 2008.

Hungry for oil. Dwindling oil stocks could cause the UK to be vulnerable to food shortages for the first time since the second world war. Caroline Lucas, The Guardiun, January 29, 2007 9:30 AM

Commodity Forecasts, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates Historical Revisions, USDA, Office of the Chief Economist. July 12, 2006

WFP and global food price rises - key points, United Nations World Food Program, 26 February, 2008.

International Agricultural Baseline Data / Supply and Use Tables, 2007-2016, USDA Economic Research Service.

Corn Prices Near Record High, But What About Food Costs?

Higher corn prices increase animal feed and ingredient costs for farmers and food manufacturers, but will consumers undergo the same sticker shock at the grocery store?

Ephraim Leibtag, AmberWaves , USDA. February 2008

Higher corn prices increase animal feed and ingredient costs for farmers and food manufacturers, but pass through to retail prices at a rate less than 10 percent of the corn price change.

Given that foods using corn as an ingredient make up less than a third of retail food spending, overall retail food prices would rise less than 1 percentage point per year above the normal rate of food price inflation when corn prices increase by 50 percent.

Even this increase may be partially tempered by changes to corn use in food production.

04 April 2008 Ethanol Demand Drives 15 Percent Increase in Corn Plantings, EERE Network News, U.S. Department of Energy, April 04, 2007

Rice Yearbook (89001), USDA, Economic Research Service, 2007.

The Future of Biofuels: A Global Perspective

Biofuels will likely be part of a portfolio of solutions to high energy prices, including conservation, more efficient energy use, and use of other alternative fuels.

William Coyle AmberWaves United States Department of Agriculture | Economic Research Service November 2007

Global biofuel production tripled between 2000 and 2007, but still accounts for less than 3 percent of the global transportation fuel supply.

Increased biofuel demand has contributed to higher world food and feed prices.

Biofuels will likely be part of a portfolio of solutions to high energy prices, including conservation, more efficient energy use, and use of other alternative fuels.

What Goes Down Must Come Up: Global Food Prices Reach New Heights, International Food Policy Research Institute, March 2008.

Agricultural Baseline Projections: Baseline Presentation, 2008-2017, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 2008.

2008-04-08

Please also see Wikipedia:RM#Requesting potentially controversial moves, Wikipedia:Consensus, and Help:Reverting.

2008-04-15

To integrate into 2007-2008 world food price crisis

Why are tortillas now tied to oil prices? Reuters-Alertnet: Tim Large. 13 Mar 2008.
GLOBAL: "Let them eat subsidies?", 7 April 2008 (IRIN) .
The cost of eating. Rising food prices are now affecting communities that had previously been protected from the scourge of hunger. Josette Sheeran, The Guardian, February 26, 2008.

Hungry for oil. Dwindling oil stocks could cause the UK to be vulnerable to food shortages for the first time since the second world war. Caroline Lucas, The Guardian, January 29, 2007 9:30 AM

Commodity Forecasts, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates Historical Revisions, USDA, Office of the Chief Economist. July 12, 2006

WFP and global food price rises - key points, United Nations World Food Program, 26 February, 2008.

International Agricultural Baseline Data / Supply and Use Tables, 2007-2016, USDA Economic Research Service.

Corn Prices Near Record High, But What About Food Costs?

2008-06-02

Colonial Citizens: Republican Rights, Paternal Privilege, and Gender in French Syria and Lebanon

Book by Elizabeth Thompson, Leila Fawaz; Columbia University Press, 2000. 402 pgs

http://www.syriatoday.ca/1-pictures-syrian-history-all.htm

http://www.syriatoday.ca/images/Syrian-History-in-Pictures/Picture66.jpg

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,777150,00.html?promoid=googlep

http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=119451144082074.

http://www.kckpl.lib.ks.us/KSCOLL/lochist/rosedale/App4.htm http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/wwi/articles/stetienne.aspx http://72.14.205.104/search?q=cache:rn1KVb2ukyUJ:www.tbmm.gov.tr/yayinlar/yayin1/8-Shaw(155-206).pdf+%22General+Henri+Gouraud%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=86&gl=us&client=firefox-a

http://72.14.205.104/search?q=cache:w_CePjBZiusJ:www.legion.org/documents/legion/pdf/tacmanual_2008.pdf+%22General+Henri+Gouraud%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=93&gl=us&client=firefox-a

http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/english/eng_n/html/sheba_farms_e.htm

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,727206,00.html

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,718294-3,00.html

http://www.anzacsite.gov.au/2visiting/tourasia4.html

http://72.14.205.104/search?q=cache:Wtm6BvZFKHkJ:www.wycokck.org/assets/80FEBD72-E9E7-440F-9038-3389471ABFBB.pdf+%22General+Henri+Gouraud%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=31&gl=us&client=firefox-a

http://images.indianahistory.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/P0130&CISOPTR=1085&CISOBOX=1&REC=5

http://www.syrianhistory.com/content/syrian-flag-history

http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/gouraud.htm

http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/marne2_gouraud.htm

http://www.marne14-18.fr/bataille/an1916/an1916.htm

http://sites.univ-provence.fr/wclio-af/numero/9/presentation.html

http://membres.lycos.fr/julientesei/Intro.htm

http://dafina.net/forums/read.php?55,122453

http://memorialdormans.free.fr/Etat_Major.htm

introduced Last Post

http://www.abfmgr.com/photo-article/SONNERIEMORT.html

http://www.quid.fr/2007/Famille/Ceremonial_Du_Souvenir/1

http://www.diggerhistory2.info/graveyards/pages/leaders/gourand.htm

http://www.bridgemanartondemand.com/index.cfm?event=catalogue.product&productID=200921

http://query.nytimes.com/search/query?frow=0&n=10&srcht=s&query=%22General+Gouraud%22&srchst=p&submit.x=22&submit.y=7&submit=sub&hdlquery=&bylquery=&daterange=full&mon1=01&day1=01&year1=1981&mon2=06&day2=03&year2=2008

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=990DE7DB143EE433A2575AC1A9619C946996D6CF&scp=84&sq=%22General+Gouraud%22&st=p

http://www.firstworldwar.com/photos/commanders3.htm

http://www.lyceefr.org/aaegd/

http://www.gallipoli.com.tr/pages/memorials_cemeteries/helles/gouraud.htm

http://wirelessfinder.washingtonpost.com/search-wifi-hotspots-general.htm?radius=5.0&venue_group_id=0&radius_unit=mi&latitude=48.458491&longitude=7.492593&address=Rue+du+Mar%C3%A9chal+Koenig&city=Obernai&city_id=3452272&state_id=2477&state=&country_id=75&country=FR&zip=67210&hotspot_name=&location_type_id=0&technology_id=0&pay_free=&provider_id=0&ssid=&jump_letter=&wisp=&limit=&startnum=1&num_per_page=&tab=5&

http://www.weddingmapper.com/plan/vendor/champagneardenne/reims/reception_venues/reception_au_domaine_pommery/1024

http://www.old-print.com/cgi-bin/item/LIL1915182#

http://www.traveljournals.net/explore/algeria/map/m673714/general_gouraud.html

http://www.aina.org/articles/almatfi.htm

http://www.lorrainegay.com/nancy/dossiers/Lyautey01.html

http://tawiza.ifrance.com/Tawiza111/liautey.htm

http://tawiza.ifrance.com/Tawiza112/lyautey.htm

http://tawiza.ifrance.com/Tawiza113/liautey.htm

Stanislas. [Founded in 1804, Collège Stanislas (22 rue Notre-Dame des Champs 75006 Paris, not far from the Luxembourg Gardens on the Left Bank) is a private school for studies from college (age 11-15), through lycée (3 years preparation for the baccalaureat), and after the bac, classe préparatoire (2 or 3 years to prepare the competitive examination for French Engineering schools like Polytechnique or École Normale Supérieure). Famous personages who attended the school include Edmond Rostand, Georges Guynemer, Anatole France, Claude Simon, Henry Gouraud, and, most notably, Charles de Gaulle. The school was rebuilt in 1967.] http://www.trussel.com/maig/encyclo/me_s.htm

http://www.bladi.net/forum/106308-lyautey/

2008-06-12

http://www.wolof.org/way_of_life/way_of_life.htm http://www.wolof.org/values/values.htm http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7882 http://www.africaresource.com/war/issue8/thiam.html http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=99009556 http://www.gowestafrica.org/peoplegroups/resources/43/wolof_rural_worldview.doc http://www.lclark.edu/~nicole/SENEGAL/HOME.HTM http://www.lclark.edu/~nicole/SENEGAL/PEOPLE.HTM http://158.130.17.5/~myl/languagelog/archives/000883.html http://www.smith.edu/iapesgw/Ndiaye.html http://www.lclark.edu/~nicole/SENEGAL/GREETINGS.HTM http://www.lclark.edu/~nicole/SENEGAL/RELATION.HTM http://www.lclark.edu/~nicole/SENEGAL/DIFFERENCES.HTM http://www.lclark.edu/~nicole/SENEGAL/SOCIAL.HTM http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E00EED7153DF936A35753C1A962958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/fall02/patterson/History.html http://www.abroadview.org/africa/dahlgren.htm http://spot.pcc.edu/~mdembrow/ceddo.htm http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0968808007293127 http://www.gambia.dk/forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=5236

Baptism

A second ceremony among the Wolof is the baptism; it is also called the naming ceremony. After a baby is born, the parents will tell to their relatives, friend and neighbors. A week after the baby born, the father organize a ceremony to celebrate the birth and give a name to his son or daughter. The father normally decides or discusses with his wife what name should have his baby. The ceremony generally starts around 10:00 in the morning. The imam must whisper in to the baby’s ear the name the parents have chosen then the griot says it aloud in order the other can hear.^[1]. After the name is given, a sheep is to be slaughtered. A sister of the father’s baby must shave or cut some of the hair of the baby born. Then, someone offers kola nuts, cakes or else to the guest.

There is special food for the morning. This food is called “bouillie” or gruel, it served with milk.^[2]. After the naming, the mother is bringing to do her hair. They all fest and dance all the day then the after they eat and drink. In the evening, around 9:00 am after a nice small party, everybody go home to let the family take rest. A week after the baptism, the aunt shaves completely the baby’s hair.

Funeral Ceremony

The third one is the funeral. Generally, when someone dies women’s shout inform everybody in the area. Everybody come one by one to the compound of the dead person. Before the burial, the corpse will take a purity bath and some other necessities. Ba (1981) says “then seven meters of white muslin, the only clothing Islam allows for the dead, are carefully placed in a new basket. The Zem-Zem, the miracle water from the holy places of Islam religiously kept by each family, is not forgotten.” (p .3).

After the body is washed and clothed with the white shroud, it will be brought to the mosque for prayers then the men take it for the burial. Once at home, everybody gather to listen to the imam. ^[3]. A very sad atmosphere will go over the house, everybody will know that someone is dead there. Ba (1981) explains “comforting words from the Koran fill the air; divine words, divine instructions, impressive promises of punishment or joy, exhortations to virtue, warnings against evil, exaltation of humility, offaith” (p. 5^[3]

People come to do their condolences and throw money to a mat in the court. The widow(s) sit in the courtyard to receive condolences. The mourning period for a widow in Islam is four months and ten days. During this period, the widow is not supposed to leave the compound and dress fashionably. The widow must not be married until the end of the mourning period. But if the widow is pregnant, the mourning period will last until she delivers.

One week or more after the funeral celebration, the mirass will be done. The entire fortune of the dead person is gathered. Each of his or her children will have his or her own share. Moreover, everybody does not have en equal share. In the islam, boys should have more than the girls. The funeral ceremonies can last two or more days, it depends on the financial situation or the tarikha which the family follows. Unless the funerals these ceremonies are occasions of happiness. People spend a lot of money in order to make their guest and relatives happy.

For Ngalandou Diouf

Black History

edited by Patricia J. F. Rosof p.8 on Iba Der Thiam (1976)

French Colonialism Unmasked The Vichy Years in French West Africa

By Ruth Ginio Page 112 Perhaps the best example of this blend of latent criticism and ostensible support can be found in the figure of Galandou Diouf, who was elected as ...

The French Imperial Nation-state: Negritude & Colonial Humanism Between the ...

By Gary Wilder

Page 133 In 1936, Galandou Diouf, the Senegalese deputy who replaced Diagne in Paris, proposed a law that would automatically grant citizenship to African veterans ... Page 234 ... himself with local groups that were contesting Galandou Diouf, then mayor of Dakar and the colony's representative in the French Chamber of Deputies. ... Page 336 Galandou Diouf, Proposition de loi, October 9, 1936, AAOF 236-9. 85. GG de l'AOF to Ministre des Colonies, Accession des indigènes anciens combatants, ... Page 342

Decolonization and African Society: The Labor Question in French and British ...

By Frederick Cooper

Page 75 ... and his trade unionist supporters acted as allies of the governor-general, while Galandou Diouf, deputy and rival of Lamine Gueye, intrigued both with ... Page 94 His successor in 1934, Galandou Diouf, was also a machine politician par excellence, and he was hostile to the Popular Front, which was allied with ... Page 105 The auxiliaries' movement, legitimate as its grievances were, apparently was being used in a political ploy. Galandou Diouf, deputy and rival of Lamine ...

The End of Empire in French West Africa: France's Successful Decolonization?

By Tony Chafer

Page 35 In 1934, he stood unsuccessfully against Galandou Diouf in the election for a député to represent the Four Communes in the French National Assembly. ... Page 254 Topouzis, D., 'Popular Front, War and Fourth Republic Politics in Senegal: from Galandou Diouf to LS Senghor, 1936-52', PhD thesis, University of London, ...

The Origins of Modern African Thought: Its Development in West Africa During ...

By Robert William July

Page 412 ... lieutenants and colleagues like Galandou Diouf who went back to the old days of the Young Senegalese party before the First World War, and Jean D'Oxoby, ... Page 413 Galandou Diouf was for years the enthusiastic lieutenant to Diagne but broke with him in 1928 primarily because he thought he could beat Diagne for the ...

Africa Since 1935

By Ali AlʼAmin Mazrui, Christophe Wondji, Unesco International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa Page 71 Neither Diagne nor his opponents thought of the rest of Senegal, much less of West Africa. In 1928, Galandou Diouf, the mayor of Rufisque, ... Page 72 In Senegal, however, the Senegalese Socialist Party was formed in 1935 by the lawyer Lamine Gueye who was fighting the deputy, Galandou Diouf, ...

http://senegalmaur.ifrance.com/marche-indep.html

http://www.sephis.org/pdf/fallenglish.pdf

https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/dspace/bitstream/1794/5886/1/Mali_federation.pdf

http://karaibes.free.fr/resistant.htm

For the French conquest of Soudan

http://idpao.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2&Itemid=1

http://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his311/archives/sec/kanya2.htm

http://expositions.bnf.fr/socgeo/arret/06.htm

http://etudescoloniales.canalblog.com/archives/2007/08/25/6001029.html

http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/actions-france_830/defense-securite_9035/cooperation-militaire-defense_9037/revue-freres-armes_12582/f.a.-no247-dossier-guinee_12591/f.a.-no247-dossier-guinee_30768.html

http://www.clio.fr/CHRONOLOGIE/chronologie_mali_la_decouverte_par_les_europeens_et_la_conquete.asp

Should translate these

Metis of Senegal and Signares

Metis General Dodds

signares in St. Louis, Goree, Rufisque, (Bamako?) Anne Rossignol Anne Pépin, Gorree

Fanals night-time processions of giant paper lanterns, take place at Christmas time

http://www.saintlouisdusenegal.com/artetculture.php

Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch, Beth Raps. African Women: A Modern History. Westview Press (1997) pp.51-54

http://www.travelintelligence.com/travel-writing/1004401/St-Louis-Senegal.html

West African Slavery and Atlantic Commerce. The Senegal River Valley, 1700-1860 by James F. Searing

Eurafricans in Western Africa: Commerce, Social Status, Gender and Religious Observance from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century (Western African Studies) George E. Brooks

Artists' depictions of Senegalese signares: Insights concerning French racist and sexist attitudes in the nineteenth century (1980) by George E Brooks

The signares of Saint-Louis and Goree: Women entrepreneurs in eighteenth century Senegal by George E Brooks (1975)

Abdoulaye Sadji. Nini, Mulatresse du Senegal (Nini, Mulatta of Senegal) (1947)

Saliou Mbaye. COMMERCE ET POLITIQUE A SAINT-LOUIS DE 1758 A 1848, Ethiopiques numéro 24, révue socialiste de culture négro-africaine, (octobre 1980)

Owen White, Children of the French Empire: Miscegenation and Colonial Society in French West Africa 1895-1960. Oxford University Press (2000)

fr:Armand-Pierre Angrand fr:Léopold Angrand fr:David Boilat, [1], fr:Signare fr:Victoria Albis, fr:Anne Pépin fr:Musée de la Femme Henriette-Bathily

Papa Wendo

great video that the article can't link to: http://lavoixducongo.afrikblog.com/archives/2008/07/30/index.html
http://www.africambiance.org
http://blog.nimis.net/?cat=5
http://www.lepotentiel.com//afficher_article.php?id_edition=&id_article=68080
http://membres.lycos.fr/discographies/la_rumba_zairoise.htm
http://www.muzikifan.com/

http://www.kentanzavinyl.com/Site/HOME_PAGE.html

Moussa Poussy

http://www.africahit.com/news/index.php?mod=article&cat=othersfrench&article=3776

Mauritania coup

http://www.almourabit.mr/index.php?page=Article&nature=Edito&id=1 Date :07/07/2008 Les institutions à l’épreuve

CC pics to upload from VOA

http://www.voanews.com/english/2006-04-05-voa10.cfm http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-05-03-voa48.cfm http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-04-28-voa14.cfm http://www.voanews.com/english/2006-07-31-voa38.cfm http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2005-05/2005-05-25-voa44.cfm http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2005-08/2005-08-12-voa29.cfm

Flickr Bamako cc pics

Bamako

^ Gambian life style (2006). bridging the gap. Retrieved from october 06,2007 http://www.ukgambians.com
^ Assietou. (1938)
^ ^a ^b Mariama Ba (1980). So Long Letter.

[gambian-1] Gambian life style (2006). bridging the gap. Retrieved from october 06,2007 http://www.ukgambians.com

[Assietou-2] Assietou. (1938)

[Mariama-3] Mariama Ba (1980). So Long Letter.

[1]

[2]

[3]