Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill: Difference between revisions
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'''One Tree Hill''' is a 182 metre [[volcanic]] peak located in [[Auckland]], [[New Zealand]]. The [[suburb]] which is built around the base of the hill is also called One Tree Hill. The hill is also known under its [[Maori language|Maori]] name '''Maungakiekie''', which translates to 'hill of the kiekie vine'. The mountain and its surrounds were home to the Wai o Hua tribe, since the early [[1700]] |
'''One Tree Hill''' is a 182 metre [[volcanic]] peak located in [[Auckland]], [[New Zealand]]. The [[suburb]] which is built around the base of the hill is also called One Tree Hill. The hill is also known under its [[Maori language|Maori]] name '''Maungakiekie''', which translates to 'hill of the kiekie vine'. The mountain and its surrounds were home to the Wai o Hua tribe, since the early [[1700]]s and probally before that time. Other [[Maori]] tribes in the Auckland area can also trace their ancestry to the Mountain. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Royal Oak to the west, and clockwise, [[Epsom, New Zealand|Epsom]], Greenlane, [[Oranga]], and [[Onehunga]]. |
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Maungakiekie was the largest and most important [[Maori Pa]] in pre-European times with a population estimated at up to 3000. At this time, the [[Nga Marama]] chief; [[Kiwi Tamaki]] held the Pa and used its strategic location to exact tribute from travellers passing from [[Northland Region|Northland]] to the rest of the [[North Island]] along the richly soiled [[isthmus]]. Its placing between the [[Waitemata Harbour]] to the East (opening upon the [[Pacific Ocean]]) and the [[Manukau Harbour]] |
Maungakiekie was the largest and most important [[Maori Pa]] in pre-European times with a population estimated at up to 3000. At this time, the [[Nga Marama]] chief; [[Kiwi Tamaki]] held the Pa and used its strategic location to exact tribute from travellers passing from [[Northland Region|Northland]] to the rest of the [[North Island]] along the richly soiled [[isthmus]]. Its placing between the [[Waitemata Harbour]] to the East (opening upon the [[Pacific Ocean]]) and the [[Manukau Harbour]] to the West (opening onto the [[Tasman Sea]]) afforded a wide variety of seafood from the two diverse harbours. The volcanic soil of the slopes of the mountain proved highly fertile and easy to defend from raiding parties from other tribes by its steep sides and imposing [[pallisades]]. |
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Cornwall Park and One Tree Hill Domain are the legency of Sir John Logan Campbell. Originally the land was a farm owned by him on the |
Cornwall Park and One Tree Hill Domain are the legency of Sir [[John Logan Campbell]]. Originally the land was a farm owned by him on the outskirts of Auckland. Upon his return from Italy in the 1880s he intended to build a great family residence on the slopes of the hill (where the current tearooms are) and planted many trees including olives on the slopes. Eventually he constructed a house closer to town (the land is now part of the Parnell Rose gardens). By about 1900 he realised that Auckland's suburbs were spreading at an alarming rate and he decided to leave the Greenlane property to the city as a park. http://www.cornwallpark.co.nz/ |
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He initially intended to call it Corinth Park after the noted region of Greece. It received the name Cornwall Park because of the Royal visit to Australia and New Zealand in 1901 by the Duke & Duchess of Cornwall (later King George V & Queen Mary). John Logan Campbell was asked to be honorary Mayor of Auckland. It was during this visit that he took the opportunity to gift the Park to the people of New Zealand and asked that it be called Cornwall Park |
He initially intended to call it Corinth Park after the noted region of Greece. It received the name Cornwall Park because of the Royal visit to Australia and New Zealand in 1901 by the Duke & Duchess of Cornwall (later King George V & Queen Mary). John Logan Campbell was asked to be honorary Mayor of Auckland. It was during this visit that he took the opportunity to gift the Park to the people of New Zealand and asked that it be called Cornwall Park. In return he was knighted. |
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The park was designed by the landscape architect Austin Strong and is based on Golden Gate Park in San Francisco. |
The park was designed by the landscape architect Austin Strong and is based on Golden Gate Park in San Francisco. |
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On the summit of the hill is the grave of Sir [[John Logan Campbell]] surmounted by an obelisk, and until recently a [[Monterey pine|Radiata pine]] tree. This tree (one of two pines) had been planted to replace a sacred Maori [[Totara]] tree, the tree which had given Maungakiekie its English name. The Totara was cut down by a white settler in [[1852]] for firewood. The obelisk was constructed in accordance with the wishes and provisions in John Campbell's will to commemorate his admiration for the [[Maori]] people. Before it stands a bronze statue of a Maori warrior. |
On the summit of the hill is the grave of Sir [[John Logan Campbell]] surmounted by an obelisk, and until recently a [[Monterey pine|Radiata pine]] tree. This tree (one of two pines) had been planted to replace a sacred Maori [[Totara]] tree, the tree which had given Maungakiekie its English name. The Totara was cut down by a white settler in [[1852]] for firewood. The obelisk was constructed in accordance with the wishes and provisions in John Campbell's will to commemorate his admiration for the [[Maori]] people. Before it stands a bronze statue of a Maori warrior. |
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The stone Obelisk was completed by 1940 – the |
The stone Obelisk was completed by 1940 – the centennial year of the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi but the unveiling of the Obelisk was delayed until 24 April 1948, after World War II was over, in keeping with Maori custom of not holding such ceremonies during a time of bloodshed. |
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There were initially two pines |
There were initially two pines. However, in the early 1960s during a [[Scout Jamboree]], a group of overseas Boy Scouts cut down one of them. The remaining tree was attacked with [[chainsaw]]s twice by [[Maori]] protesters. The final attack left the tree unable to recover and so was removed on [[October 26]], [[2000]], due to the risk of it dying and falling down. A new nickname "No Tree Hill" soon became popular. |
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[[Image:One Tree Hill, Auckland.jpg|thumb|One Tree Hill after the removal of the "One Tree"]] |
[[Image:One Tree Hill, Auckland.jpg|thumb|One Tree Hill after the removal of the "One Tree"]] |
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Revision as of 12:27, 24 April 2006
- This article is about the volcanic peak in New Zealand; for other meanings, see One Tree Hill.
| Suburb: | One Tree Hill |
| City: | Auckland City |
| Island: | North Island |
| Surrounded by - to the north |
One Tree Hill is a 182 metre volcanic peak located in Auckland, New Zealand. The suburb which is built around the base of the hill is also called One Tree Hill. The hill is also known under its Maori name Maungakiekie, which translates to 'hill of the kiekie vine'. The mountain and its surrounds were home to the Wai o Hua tribe, since the early 1700s and probally before that time. Other Maori tribes in the Auckland area can also trace their ancestry to the Mountain. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Royal Oak to the west, and clockwise, Epsom, Greenlane, Oranga, and Onehunga.
Maungakiekie was the largest and most important Maori Pa in pre-European times with a population estimated at up to 3000. At this time, the Nga Marama chief; Kiwi Tamaki held the Pa and used its strategic location to exact tribute from travellers passing from Northland to the rest of the North Island along the richly soiled isthmus. Its placing between the Waitemata Harbour to the East (opening upon the Pacific Ocean) and the Manukau Harbour to the West (opening onto the Tasman Sea) afforded a wide variety of seafood from the two diverse harbours. The volcanic soil of the slopes of the mountain proved highly fertile and easy to defend from raiding parties from other tribes by its steep sides and imposing pallisades.
Cornwall Park and One Tree Hill Domain are the legency of Sir John Logan Campbell. Originally the land was a farm owned by him on the outskirts of Auckland. Upon his return from Italy in the 1880s he intended to build a great family residence on the slopes of the hill (where the current tearooms are) and planted many trees including olives on the slopes. Eventually he constructed a house closer to town (the land is now part of the Parnell Rose gardens). By about 1900 he realised that Auckland's suburbs were spreading at an alarming rate and he decided to leave the Greenlane property to the city as a park. http://www.cornwallpark.co.nz/
He initially intended to call it Corinth Park after the noted region of Greece. It received the name Cornwall Park because of the Royal visit to Australia and New Zealand in 1901 by the Duke & Duchess of Cornwall (later King George V & Queen Mary). John Logan Campbell was asked to be honorary Mayor of Auckland. It was during this visit that he took the opportunity to gift the Park to the people of New Zealand and asked that it be called Cornwall Park. In return he was knighted.
The park was designed by the landscape architect Austin Strong and is based on Golden Gate Park in San Francisco.
On the summit of the hill is the grave of Sir John Logan Campbell surmounted by an obelisk, and until recently a Radiata pine tree. This tree (one of two pines) had been planted to replace a sacred Maori Totara tree, the tree which had given Maungakiekie its English name. The Totara was cut down by a white settler in 1852 for firewood. The obelisk was constructed in accordance with the wishes and provisions in John Campbell's will to commemorate his admiration for the Maori people. Before it stands a bronze statue of a Maori warrior.
The stone Obelisk was completed by 1940 – the centennial year of the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi but the unveiling of the Obelisk was delayed until 24 April 1948, after World War II was over, in keeping with Maori custom of not holding such ceremonies during a time of bloodshed.
There were initially two pines. However, in the early 1960s during a Scout Jamboree, a group of overseas Boy Scouts cut down one of them. The remaining tree was attacked with chainsaws twice by Maori protesters. The final attack left the tree unable to recover and so was removed on October 26, 2000, due to the risk of it dying and falling down. A new nickname "No Tree Hill" soon became popular.
The hill's scoria cones erupted 20,000 - 30,000 years ago, creating lava flows that covered an area of 20 square kilometres. The summit provides views across the Auckland area, and allows visitors to see both of Auckland's Harbours.
Things named after One Tree Hill
- Irish rock band U2 wrote a song about the hill, "One Tree Hill", which appeared on their album The Joshua Tree. This song was written to commemorate the death of New Zealander Greg Carroll, an employee of the band who died in a motorcycle accident in Dublin on July 3, 1986.
- The Asteroid 23988 Maungakiekie is named after the hill.
- Mozilla Firefox 0.9 was named One Tree Hill by Auckland resident and (at that time) Firefox lead engineer Ben Goodger.
References
- McLauchlan, Gordon (Ed) (1989). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of New Zealand. David Bateman Ltd. ISBN 1 86953 007 1.
External links
- Auckland Regional Council: One Tree Hill
- One Tree Hill loses its tree - bbc.co.uk news report from 26 October, 2000