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Most people were having [[shortness of breath|respiratory issues]] by the time they got to the hospital, with some also reporting chest pain and vomiting.<ref name=Kaplan2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/14/health/vaping-marijuana-e-cigarettes.html|title=Dozens of Young People Hospitalized for Breathing and Lung Problems After Vaping|last=Kaplan|first=Sheila|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 September 2019}}</ref> [[Tocopheryl acetate|Vitamin E acetate]] is strongly linked to the vaping lung illness outbreak.<ref name=CDC2020/> However, evidence is not sufficient to rule out the contribution of other chemicals of concern, including chemicals in either [[Tetrahydrocannabinol|THC]] or non-THC products, in some of the reported hospitalized cases.<ref name=CDC2020/> The CDC recommends that e-cigarette, or vaping, products should never be used by youths, young adults, or women who are pregnant.<ref name=CDC2020/> Adults who do not currently use [[tobacco products]] should not start using e-cigarette, or vaping, products, according to the CDC.<ref name=CDC2020/>
Most people were having [[shortness of breath|respiratory issues]] by the time they got to the hospital, with some also reporting chest pain and vomiting.<ref name=Kaplan2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/14/health/vaping-marijuana-e-cigarettes.html|title=Dozens of Young People Hospitalized for Breathing and Lung Problems After Vaping|last=Kaplan|first=Sheila|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 September 2019}}</ref> [[Tocopheryl acetate|Vitamin E acetate]] is strongly linked to the vaping lung illness outbreak.<ref name=CDC2020/> However, evidence is not sufficient to rule out the contribution of other chemicals of concern, including chemicals in either [[Tetrahydrocannabinol|THC]] or non-THC products, in some of the reported hospitalized cases.<ref name=CDC2020/> The CDC recommends that e-cigarette, or vaping, products should never be used by youths, young adults, or women who are pregnant.<ref name=CDC2020/> Adults who do not currently use [[tobacco products]] should not start using e-cigarette, or vaping, products, according to the CDC.<ref name=CDC2020/>


Lawsuits over respiratory lung injuries purportedly resulting from vaping have been filed in California, Washington State, and Florida.<ref name=Kapnick2019/> Medical interventions being used to treat the illness include [[induced coma|medically induced coma]],<ref name=Roshan2019>{{cite news|url=https://heraldpublicist.com/e-cigarette-users-warned-to-stop-vaping-after-five-deaths-from-mystery-lung-disease/|title=E-cigarette users warned to stop vaping after five deaths from mystery lung disease|author=Roshan|publisher=Herald Publicist|date=7 September 2019}}</ref> [[oxygen therapy|supplemental oxygen]],<ref name=CDC2020/> and [[mechanical ventilation|assisted ventilation]].<ref name=CDC2020/> A handful of individuals have been re-admitted for clinical care after discharge for lung injury.<ref name=CDC---2019>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2019/t1011-lung-injury-investigation.html|title=Transcript of CDC Telebriefing: Lung Injury Investigation|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=11 October 2019}}{{PD-notice}}</ref>
Lawsuits over respiratory lung injuries purportedly resulting from vaping have been filed in California, Washington State, and Florida.<ref name=Kapnick2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.courthousenews.com/vaping-firms-brace-for-wave-of-lawsuits-over-lung-illness/|title=Vaping Companies Brace for Wave of Lawsuits Over Lung Illness|last=Kapnick|first=Izzy|publisher=[[Courthouse News Service]]|date=25 October 2019}}</ref> Medical interventions being used to treat the illness include [[induced coma|medically induced coma]],<ref name=Roshan2019>{{cite news|url=https://heraldpublicist.com/e-cigarette-users-warned-to-stop-vaping-after-five-deaths-from-mystery-lung-disease/|title=E-cigarette users warned to stop vaping after five deaths from mystery lung disease|author=Roshan|publisher=Herald Publicist|date=7 September 2019}}</ref> [[oxygen therapy|supplemental oxygen]],<ref name=CDC2020/> and [[mechanical ventilation|assisted ventilation]].<ref name=CDC2020/> A handful of individuals have been re-admitted for clinical care after discharge for lung injury.<ref name=CDC---2019>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2019/t1011-lung-injury-investigation.html|title=Transcript of CDC Telebriefing: Lung Injury Investigation|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=11 October 2019}}{{PD-notice}}</ref>


==Treatment and prevention recommendations==
==Treatment and prevention recommendations==
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== Persons hospitalized ==
== Persons hospitalized ==
=== Lawsuits ===
{{See also|Vail v. Juul Labs, Inc.}}
On September 23, 2019, a [[product liability]] lawsuit, ''Charles Wilcoxson v. Canna Brand Solutions LLC et al.'', was filed in [[List of Superior Court Districts in Washington|Superior Court of Pierce County, Washington]], against makers of THC vape cartridges.<ref name=L2019/> Wilcoxson, a peace officer, had used THC vape products between January 2018 and September 2019.<ref name=L2019/> He bought cannabis products that included Conscious Cannabis, Rainbows Aloft, Leafwerx, MFused, and Jane's Garden.<ref name=L2019/> All of these companies are cited as defendants, according to the compliant.<ref name=L2019/> The supplier of plaintiff's vaporizer was Canna Brand Solutions, which was also cited as a defendant.<ref name=L2019/> On September 11, 2019, the plaintiff was vaping and that night he was [[wheeze|wheezing]] very badly.<ref name=L2019/> By Monday morning he was taken to the [[emergency department|emergency room]] and was told he has [[lipid pneumonia|lipoid pneumonia]] as a result of his vaping, according to the complaint.<ref name=L2019/> He was in the hospital for three days.<ref name=L2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=917722ad-b0f0-4437-bd55-05a4516ae589|title=The First of the Vape-Lung Product Liability Cases Has Been Filed|publisher=Lexology|date=2 October 2019}}</ref>

In May 2019, a 21-year-old was hospitalized for more than two weeks and was in a [[induced coma|medically induced coma]] for 8 days.<ref name=Bernabe2019/> He initially thought he had the flu.<ref name=Backover2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/man-from-bethlehem-township-sues-e-cigarette-company-says-device/article_bce9cf8e-f50b-11e9-ae8d-27c265ffec57.html|title=Man from Bethlehem Township sues e-cigarette company, says device almost killed him|last=Backover|first=Justin|publisher=[[WFMZ-TV]]|date=22 October 2019}}</ref> His lungs were accumulating with fluid and he was coughing.<ref name=Bernabe2019/> At 19, he started using [[Juul]] products and eventually he had trouble breathing.<ref name=Bernabe2019/> He purportedly [[nicotine dependence|developed an addiction]] to Juul mint pods.<ref name=Balk2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-juul-coma-lawsuit-20191023-ejq4iezkozgm7ptiyy6ygyszbi-story.html|title=Pennsylvania man, 21, sues Juul after spending week in medically induced coma|last=Balk|first=Tim|work=[[New York Daily News]]|date=22 October 2019}}</ref> After being discharged from a [[Pennsylvania]] hospital he took legal action against Juul in October 2019.<ref name=Bernabe2019/> Juul purportedly did not disclose the dangers of what its pod system can do to people and deceptively advertised its products as being safer than combustible [[cigarette]]s, according to the complaint.<ref name=Bernabe2019/> His attorney stated that Juul is selling pods in the US with high concentrations of nicotine.<ref name=Bernabe2019/> Juul advertises its products to intentionally entice underage individuals and young adults as well as people who are never frequent smokers, according to the complaint.<ref name=Bernabe2019>{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/News/juul-user-21-sues-company-hospitalized-coma-days/story?id=66431800|title=Former Juul user, 21, sues company after being hospitalized, placed in coma for 8 days|last1=Bernabe|first1=Angeline Jane|last2=Wagschal|first2=Andgerry|publisher=[[ABC News]]|date=22 October 2019}}</ref>

In September 2019, 18-year-old stated his attorney took legal action in Illinois against Juul after doctors told him his lungs are like that of a 70 year old.<ref name=Calicchio2019/> He was admitted to a hospital in August 2019.<ref name=Calicchio2019/> He was in the [[intensive care unit]] at Advocate Condell Medical Center.<ref name=Dampier2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/ct-life-vaping-illness-lawsuit-hergenreder-tt-0913-20190913-biuvgihs55hmfnu3ab7td5rhoa-story.html|title=A Gurnee teen hospitalized for a vaping-related illness is suing e-cigarette company Juul|last=Dampier|first=Cindy|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=13 September 2019}}</ref> He was unable to breath without being given oxygen.<ref name=Miller2019/> He was vaping for more than 18 months.<ref name=Calicchio2019/> He began vaping when he was 16 and the Juul flavors he liked most were mint and mango.<ref name=Miller2019>{{cite news|url=https://nypost.com/2019/09/05/teen-hospitalized-for-vaping-induced-injury-has-warning-for-young-users/|title=Teen hospitalized for 'vaping-induced' injury has warning for young users|last=Miller|first=Joshua Rhett|work=[[New York Post]]|date=5 September 2019}}</ref> Juul used [[social media]] to target young people, according to his lawyers.<ref name=Tarm2019>{{cite news|url=https://apnews.com/22d4a008ecc64b398a72e28849b0a163|title=Illinois lawsuit filed against top e-cigarette maker|last=Tarm|first=Michael|agency=[[Associated Press]]|date=13 September 2019}}</ref> Juul did not inform the public what they were selling contained toxic substances, according to the complaint.<ref name=Duncan2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/vaping-teenager-sues-juul-e-cigarettes-lung-damage-adam-hergenreder-a9105211.html|title=Teenager sues vaping company Juul after being left with 'lungs like a 70-year-old's'|last=Duncan|first=Conrad|work=[[The Independent]]|date=14 September 2019}}</ref> The gas station where he said he bought the Juul pods when he was a minor is also named as a defendant in the lawsuit.<ref name=Calicchio2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/health/vaper-18-suing-e-cigarette-maker-juul-after-docs-say-he-has-lungs-of-a-70-year-old-reports|title=Vaper, 18, suing e-cigarette maker Juul after docs say he has lungs of a 70-year-old: reports|last=Calicchio|first=Dom|publisher=[[Fox News]]|date=14 September 2019}}</ref>

In September 2019, a 35-year-old from [[Virgin Islands]] has filed a lawsuit in [[Broward County, Florida]], contending that her sickness was the result of a [[cannabidiol|CBD]] vape oil containing mango flavor that she had purchased from a merchant in [[Saint Croix]].<ref name=Kapnick2019/> She had severe respiratory problems and she had multiple organ failure and [[asphyxia|deficient supply of oxygen]], resulting in [[necrosis]] of her legs.<ref name=Kapnick2019/> Both her legs had to be amputated.<ref name=Kapnick2019/> She used the vape oil for just a few days.<ref name=Kapnick2019/> She arrived at a Saint Croix hospital in August 2019 and was eventually airlifted to [[Miami]].<ref name=Kapnick2019/> She was in critical condition at the [[Jackson Memorial Hospital]] when the lawsuit was filed.<ref name=Kapnick2019/> Just CBD was cited as a defendant.<ref name=Kapnick2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.courthousenews.com/vaping-firms-brace-for-wave-of-lawsuits-over-lung-illness/|title=Vaping Companies Brace for Wave of Lawsuits Over Lung Illness|last=Kapnick|first=Izzy|publisher=[[Courthouse News Service]]|date=25 October 2019}}</ref>

=== Hospitalizations ===
=== Hospitalizations ===
[[File:Juul vaping device with pods (cropped).jpg|thumb|195px|Juul e-cigarette with pods.|alt=Juul e-cigarette with pods.]]
[[File:Juul vaping device with pods (cropped).jpg|thumb|195px|Juul e-cigarette with pods.|alt=Juul e-cigarette with pods.]]
[[File:NYSDOH Announces Update on Investigation into Vaping-Associated Pulmonary Illnesses (48683410542).jpg|thumb|195px|The illicit brand [[Dank Vapes]].|alt=The illicit brand Dank Vapes.]]
[[File:NYSDOH Announces Update on Investigation into Vaping-Associated Pulmonary Illnesses (48683410542).jpg|thumb|195px|The illicit brand [[Dank Vapes]].|alt=The illicit brand Dank Vapes.]]
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A women from [[Texas]] was taken to hospital in June 2019.<ref name=Harmata2019/> She was unable to hold down fluids and was dehydrated.<ref name=Harmata2019/> She was put in a [[induced coma|medically induced coma]] and was diagnosed with [[pneumonia|multifocal pneumonia]], [[sepsis]], and [[respiratory failure|acute respiratory failure]] with [[hypoxemia]].<ref name=Harmata2019/> Her lungs filled with fluids and she had [[thrombus|blood clot]]s.<ref name=Harmata2019/> She had low oxygen and blood pressure readings.<ref name=Harmata2019/> She never smoked, though she had used [[electronic cigarette|e-cigarettes]] and was attracted to the flavors.<ref name=Harmata2019>{{cite news|url=https://people.com/health/texas-mom-almost-died-from-vaping-related-lung-illness/|title=Texas Mom Speaks Out After Almost Dying from Vaping-Related Illness: 'My Lungs Were Full of Fluid'|last=Harmata|first=Claudia|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=20 September 2019}}</ref>

In late June 2019, a 20-year-old from [[Provo, Utah]] was admitted to a local hospital with nausea, chest pains, and shortness of breath<ref name=Sun2019/> after a round of antibiotics failed to clear up his symptoms.<ref name="Bojórquez2019">{{cite news|url=https://www.deseret.com/utah/2019/8/6/20797673/what-utah-doctors-are-saying-about-vaping#aubree-butterfield-who-was-recently-treated-at-the-university-of-utah-hospital-for-lipoid-pneumonia-linked-to-vaping-puts-on-her-oxygen-tube-after-changing-her-oxygen-tank-while-at-her-parents-home-in-brigham-city-on-tuesday-aug-6-2019-earlier-in-the-day-butterfield-joined-doctors-in-discussing-the-dangers-of-vaping-during-a-press-conference-at-the-salt-lake-hospital|title=He was given antibiotics because his doctor thought he had an infection.|last=Bojórquez|first=Kim|work=[[Deseret News]]|date=6 August 2019}}</ref> His tests for bacterial pneumonia and other common diseases were all negative.<ref name=Sun2019/> An exam showed that the [[white blood cell|immune cell]]s in his lungs were not normal.<ref name=Sun2019/> One of the doctors at a hospital in Provo, Utah believed his lung illness was associated with vaping after learning about similar cases in other places.<ref name=Sun2019/> He was eventually airlifted to the University of Utah hospital in Salt Lake City in order to place him on a life-supporting system called [[extracorporeal membrane oxygenation|ECMO]] because his lungs stopped working.<ref name=Sun2019/> His heath eventually improved.<ref name=Sun2019/> On July 7 2019, he was sent home.<ref name=Sun2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/one-mans-near-death-experience-with-vaping-related-lung-failure/2019/08/24/ca8ce42c-c5b4-11e9-9986-1fb3e4397be4_story.html|title=He went from hiking enthusiast to 'on death's door' within days. Doctors blamed vaping.|last=H. Sun|first=Lena|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=24 August 2019}}</ref> He starting vaping to stop using combustible [[cigarette]]s.<ref name=Read2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.thecut.com/2019/08/20-year-olds-lungs-fail-after-vaping.html|title=Here's Yet Another Vaping Horror Story|last=Read|first=Bridget|work=[[New York (magazine)#Digital expansion and blogs|The Cut]]|date=26 August 2019}}</ref> He has since stopped vaping.<ref name=Brueck2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.insider.com/vaping-lung-injury-almost-kills-man-who-vaped-every-day-2019-8|title=A 20-year-old man who used to vape every day almost died from a life-threatening lung injury, and 'vape juice' might be the culprit|last=Brueck|first=Hilary|work=[[The Insider (newspaper)|The Insider]]|date=3 September 2019}}</ref>

In August 2019, a 19-year-old from [[Marion, Indiana]] was admitted to the hospital with two collapsed lungs<ref name=Crash2019>{{cite news|url=https://cbs4indy.com/2019/09/12/marion-family-warns-about-vaping-dangers-after-teen-suffers-double-lung-collapse-it-was-traumatic/|title=Marion family warns about vaping dangers after teen suffers double lung collapse: 'It was traumatic'|last=Crash|first=Melissa|publisher=[[WTTV]]|date=12 September 2019}}</ref> after more than a week of experiencing shoulder and back pain.<ref name=Moreira2019/> They had four surgeries and was in the hospital for 17 days.<ref name=Crash2019/> His doctors believe his ailment was triggered by his vaping,<ref name=Moreira2019/> which the patient then quit.<ref name=Moreira2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxla.com/news/i-didnt-think-it-would-happen-to-me-doctors-believe-vaping-caused-teens-double-lung-collapse|title='I didn't think it would happen to me': Doctors believe vaping caused teen's double-lung collapse|last=Moreira|first=Gabrielle|publisher=[[KTTV]]|date=12 September 2019}}</ref>

In June 2019, 52-year-old from [[New York (state)|New York]] felt sick after returning home from traveling to China and California.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> Instead of resting he went to the gym to exercise.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> After exercising he was vomiting and sweating.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> He thought he was just tired.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> In the following weeks he was coughing.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> In August, his cough was painful.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> He had night sweats and had a fever.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> His doctor told him he had [[bronchitis]].<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> The medications did not improve his symptoms.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> He went back to the doctor and had a [[chest radiograph|chest X-ray]].<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> It showed he had [[classification of pneumonia#Double pneumonia (bilateral pneumonia)|double pneumonia]].<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> He was given [[doxycycline]] because his doctor believed he had an infection.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> Approximately ten days later, he felt very sick and went to the emergency room at the [[North Shore University Hospital]].<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> After doctors found out he visited China, he was quarantined and was tested for different types of diseases.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> Every one of the tests was negative.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> Infectious disease doctors and people from the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] arrived at the hospital to investigate.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> His condition deteriorated.<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> A [[pulmonology|pulmonologist]] got a copy of his medical history where Doneson indicated that a few months prior, he had begun vaping [[Tetrahydrocannabinol|THC]].<ref name=DownsHoward2019/> This probably saved his life.<ref name=DownsHoward2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.leafly.com/news/politics/vape-pen-injury-supply-chain-investigation-leafly|title=Journey of a tainted vape cartridge: from China's labs to your lungs|first1=David|last1=Downs|last2=Howard|first2=Dave|last3=Barcott|first3=Bruce|publisher=Leafy|date=24 September 2019}}</ref>

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In September 2019, a 45-year-old from [[Shreveport, Louisiana]], was struggling to stay alive after he says he was sickened from a vaping-induced lung illness.<ref name=Dillon2019/> On September 13, 2019, it was reported that in his hospital bed, said, "Now I have oil and water in my lungs that my lungs can't get rid of. Making them crystallize. They're rock hard."<ref name=Dillon2019/> He stated that he did not have any symptoms other than not being able to keep food down.<ref name=Dillon2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.localsyr.com/news/man-fighting-vaping-related-lung-illness-if-i-die-let-somebody-else-live-off-of-my-mistake/|title=Man fighting vaping-related lung illness: "If I die, let somebody else live off of my mistake"|last=Dillon|first=Dominique|publisher=[[WSYR-TV]]|date=13 September 2019}}</ref>

18-year-old student, from [[Florida]] was using about half a [[Juul]] mint pod a day.{{#tag:ref|In sampling multiple e-cigarette delivery systems, a 2019 study found [[Juul|Juul pods]] were the only product to demonstrate ''[[in vitro]]'' cytotoxicity from both nicotine and flavor chemical content, in particular [[ethyl maltol]].<ref name=BonillaBlair2019>{{cite journal|last1=Bonilla|first1=Alex|last2=Blair|first2=Alexander J.|last3=Alamro|first3=Suliman M.|last4=Ward|first4=Rebecca A.|last5=Feldman|first5=Michael B.|last6=Dutko|first6=Richard A.|last7=Karagounis|first7=Theodora K.|last8=Johnson|first8=Adam L.|last9=Folch|first9=Erik E.|last10=Vyas|first10=Jatin M.|title=Recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces and vaping in an 18-year-old man: a case report and review of the literature|journal=Journal of Medical Case Reports|volume=13|issue=1|pages=283|year=2019|issn=1752-1947|doi=10.1186/s13256-019-2215-4|pmc=6732835|pmid=31495337}}{{CC-notice|cc=by4|url=https://jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13256-019-2215-4|author(s)=Alex Bonilla, Alexander J. Blair, Suliman M. Alamro, Rebecca A. Ward, Michael B. Feldman, Richard A. Dutko, Theodora K. Karagounis, Adam L. Johnson, Erik E. Folch, and Jatin M. Vyas}}</ref>|group=notes}}<ref name=Chan2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/college-students-lung-collapses-after-smoking-juul-pods-like-i-was-having-a-heart-attack-175754261.html|title=College student's lung collapses after smoking Juul pods: 'Like I was having a heart attack'|last=Chan|first=Justin|publisher=[[Yahoo!|Yahoo Now]]|date=13 August 2019}}</ref> This is equivalent to a nicotine dose of 10 combustible cigarettes a day.<ref name=Brown2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.parents.com/news/teens-hospitalized-after-vaping/|title=CDC Says to Stop Using E-Cigarettes After Several Deaths From Related Lung Diseases|last=Brown|first=Maressa|work=[[Parents (magazine)|Parents]]|date=27 August 2019}}</ref> He was vaping for about 18 months.<ref name=Hagen2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsweek.com/florida-teenager-warns-against-juuling-after-his-lung-collapsed-1453253|title=Florida Teenager Warns Against Juuling After His Lung Collapsed|last=Van Hagen|first=Isobel|work=[[Newsweek]]|date=8 August 2019}}</ref> After presenting to the hospital with intense chest pain,{{cn|date=February 2020}} he was found to have had a collapsed left lung and needed surgery to repair it.<ref name=Hagen2019/> In August 2019, he posted an image of his lungs on [[social media]].<ref name=Sparks2019>{{cite news|url=https://nypost.com/2019/08/08/student-shares-shocking-images-of-collapsed-lungs-after-vaping-for-a-year/|title=Teen hospitalized for 'vaping-induced' injury has warning for young users|last=Sparks|first=Hannah|work=New York Post|date=8 August 2019}}</ref> On [[Twitter]] he explained the black dots on his lungs were from strictly Juul use.<ref name=Hagen2019/> He cautioned others to quit vaping.<ref name=CBSNews2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/teen-blames-vaping-after-his-lung-collapses/|title=Teen Blames Vaping After His Lung Collapses|work=CBS News|date=19 August 2019}}</ref>

In August 2019, 18-year-old was quickly taken to the [[Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center|UCLA Medical Center]] after she had trouble breathing.<ref name=Hawkins2019/> After she was hospitalized her condition worsened.<ref name=Hunar2019/> After being hooked up to a [[mechanical ventilation|ventilator]] and waking up from a medically induced coma, she wrote: "I want to start a no-vaping campaign."<ref name=Hawkins2019/> She posted a photo of herself holding up a handwritten sign that read 'I want to start a no-vaping campaign' on [[Instagram]]<ref name=Zafar2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/vaping-london-1.5292161|title=Cannabis product not the culprit in Ontario teen's vaping-related illness, health official says|last=Zafar|first=Amina|publisher=[[CBC.ca]]|date=20 September 2019}}</ref> and started an anti-vaping campaign from her hospital bed.<ref name=Hunar2019/> She shared her vaping story on Instagram.<ref name=Asfa2019/> The image of her holding up a handwritten sign has since gone [[viral phenomenon|viral]].<ref name=Asfa2019/> Within 72 hours since it was posted, it had 1200 comments and more than 25,000 [[like button|likes]].<ref name=Asfa2019/> By early September 2019, it had nearly 700,000 likes.<ref name=Hunar2019>{{cite news|url=https://theinnersane.com/2019/09/08/teenager-begins-anti-vaping-movement-from-death-bed-after-vaping-for-consecutive-3-years/|title=Teenager Begins Anti-Vaping Movement From Death Bed. After Vaping For Consecutive 3 Years.|author=Hunar|publisher=The Inner Sane|date=8 September 2019}}</ref> She said in September 2019 that she plans on starting a campaign with her cousin to [[funding of science|fund research]] into the [[safety of electronic cigarettes|effects of vaping]].<ref name=BBCN2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/p07n59p7|title=Beyond Today - Vaping: can it kill you?|date=12 September 2019|publisher=[[BBC Sounds]]}}</ref> She was in a medically induced coma for four days<ref name=Ben-Moche2019/> and on a ventilator for almost a week.<ref name=Asfa2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.journalpost.co.uk/real-life/campaign-against-vaping-instagram/|title=Teen Start Viral Campaign Against Vaping After Ending Up On A Ventilator|author=Asfa|publisher=Journal Post|date=3 September 2019}}</ref> She was in the hospital for almost ten days.<ref name=Ben-Moche2019/> At 15, shestarted vaping and within two years her health deteriorated.<ref name=Hawkins2019/> The [[tobacconist|smoke shop]] she bought the products from in [[North Hollywood, Los Angeles|North Hollywood]] did not ask for her [[identity document|ID card]].<ref name=Ben-Moche2019/> She told the shop she was 22, she said.<ref name=Ben-Moche2019/> She was vaping everyday.<ref name=Hawkins2019/> After leaving the hospital she has given up vaping.<ref name=Ben-Moche2019>{{cite news|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/los_angeles/community/304290/local-teen-lucky-to-be-alive-after-vaping-incident/|title=Local Teen 'Lucky to Be Alive' After Vaping Incident|last=Ben-Moche|first=Erin|work=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles|Jewish Journal]]|date=11 September 2019}}</ref> Before ending up in the hospital, doctors were unable to tell her the reason she felt sick even though she told them she was vaping, she said.<ref name=Hawkins2019>{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/teen-put-life-support-vaping-didnt-smoker/story?id=65522370|title=Teen who was put on life-support for vaping says 'I didn't think of myself as a smoker'|last1=Hawkins|first1=Sally|last2=Walker|first2=Knez|last3=Riegle|first3=Ashley|last4=Rivas|first4=Anthony|publisher=ABC News|date=11 September 2019}}</ref>

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In September 2019, a 16-year-old from [[Ellwood City, Pennsylvania]] was admitted to the hospital<ref name=Wadas2019>{{cite news|url=https://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2019/09/12/local-teenager-lung-disorder-vaping/|title=Local Teenager Recovering From Lung Disorder Due To Vaping|last=Wadas|first=Amy|publisher=[[KDKA-TV]]|date=12 September 2019}}</ref> after vaping for approximately a year and a half.<ref name=Cipriani2019/> She had difficulty breathing and needed supplemental oxygen.<ref name=Cipriani2019/> She was dizzy when she stood up and subsequently was vomiting.<ref name=Cipriani2019/> She felt pain in her stomach which turned out to be her lungs,<ref name=Wadas2019/> a scan of which showed white spots.<ref name=Wadas2019/> She was in the hospital for 10 days,<ref name=Wadas2019/> and started using a [[nicotine patch]] instead of vaping.<ref name=Cipriani2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.wtae.com/article/beaver-county-teenager-hospitalized-suffering-effects-of-vaping/28986432|title=Beaver County teenager hospitalized, suffering effects of vaping|last=Cipriani|first=Marcie|publisher=[[WTAE-TV]]|date=10 September 2019}}</ref>

In September 2019, a 22-year-old from [[Queens|Queens, New York]] was hospitalized for vaping-related breathing problems.<ref name=Hughes2019/> He initially thought he had the flu when he arrived at the [[emergency department|emergency room]] in September 2019.<ref name=YN2019>{{cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/young-man-verge-death-vaping-182436671.html|title=Young man was on 'verge of death' from vaping Yahoo News Video 16 October 2019|publisher=[[Yahoo! News]]|date=16 October 2019}}</ref> Doctors believed he had a [[lower respiratory tract infection|lung infection]].<ref name=Grady2019/> Earlier in September 2019 he was sent home from the Long Island Jewish Forest Hills Hospital after doctors told him he possibly had a [[gastroenteritis|stomach virus]].<ref name=Grady2019/> He was hooked up to a ventilator, but his condition was not improving.<ref name=Grady2019/> His [[oxygen saturation (medicine)|blood oxygen]] had dropped so low that it could result in [[organ dysfunction|organ failure]], or cause trauma to his heart.<ref name=Grady2019/> He was hooked up to a machine called [[extracorporeal membrane oxygenation|ECMO]] for four and a half days and his condition improved.<ref name=Grady2019/> He became ill following vaping about one cartridge a day, of various brands, including the illicit brand [[Dank Vapes]].<ref name=Hughes2019/> The flavors he liked included fruity pebbles and sour patch kids.<ref name=Grady2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/15/health/vaping-thc-illness.html|title=A Young Man Nearly Lost His Life to Vaping|last=Grady|first=Denise|work=The New York Times|date=15 October 2019}}</ref> He was discharged from the hospital and in October 2019 is recovering at home.<ref name=Hughes2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/10/23/vaping-devices-under-scrutiny-outbreak-lung-illnesses-continue/4009350002/|title='Something has changed': People have been vaping for years but now they're dying. Could it be the devices?|last1=Hughes|first=Trevor|last2=O'Donnell|first2=O'Donnell|work=[[USA Today]]|date=23 October 2019}}</ref>

⚫
A 21-year-old from [[New Jersey]] was in the intensive care unit for close to two weeks at the Jersey Shore University Medical Center.<ref name=Haskell2019/> She originally thought she had the flu or possibly pneumonia.<ref name=Haskell2019/> She had difficulty breathing.<ref name=Haskell2019/> She needed oxygen and steroids.<ref name=Shanes2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/2019/10/10/vaping-juul-damaged-nj-woman-lungs-left-her-hospitalized/3932942002/|title='My lungs were chemically burned': NJ victim speaks out against vaping|last=Shanes|first=Alexis|publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]]|date=10 October 2019}}</ref> She began using combustible cigarettes when she was a teenager and then used Juul to try to [[smoking cessation|give up smoking]].<ref name=Haskell2019/> She was diagnosed with [[Obliterative bronchiolitis|popcorn lung]].<ref name=Haskell2019/> She was discharged from the hospital in October 2019.<ref name=Haskell2019>{{cite news|url=https://wcbs880.radio.com/articles/nj-woman-speaks-out-after-nearly-dying-vaping|title='Most Miserable Time Of My Life': NJ Woman Speaks Out After Nearly Dying From Vaping|last=Haskell|first=Peter|publisher=[[WCBS (AM)]]|date=10 October 2019}}</ref>

A 15-year-old on September 30, 2019, felt dizzy and vomited after using his friend's vape during school at Owen Valley High School.<ref name=Wade2019/> He went to the school nurse, and it was determined that he needed more assistance.<ref name=Farber2019/> At this point, his [[oxygen saturation (medicine)|oxygen level]] was at 70%.<ref name=Wade2019>{{cite web|url=https://www.theindychannel.com/news/working-for-you/owen-valley-student-with-vaping-illness-asked-school-nurse-for-help-got-expelled|title=Student expelled from school after getting sick from vaping|last=Wade|first=Stephanie|publisher=[[WRTV]]|date=31 October 2019}}</ref> At the hospital, he was diagnosed with [[pneumonitis]] which was reported as a result of [[electronic cigarette|vaping]].<ref name=Farber2019/> The vape that he used tested positive for THC, but he said that he thought it only contained nicotine.<ref name=Farber2019>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/health/indiana-teen-vaping-illness-expelled-report|title=Indiana teen says he was expelled after suffering vaping illness at school|last=Farber|first=Madeline|publisher=Fox News|date=4 November 2019}}</ref>

In October 2019, a 16-year-old from [[Arizona]] was found unresponsive by her friends in her bedroom.<ref name=Martinez2019/> Her mother dialed 911.<ref name=Hein2019/> Her mother did not know her daughter had been vaping for two years.<ref name=Navarrete2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.abc15.com/news/region-phoenix-metro/central-phoenix/valley-teen-newest-victim-of-vaping-related-illness|title=Valley teen newest victim of vaping-related illness|last=Navarrete|first=Karla|publisher=[[KNXV-TV]]|date=16 October 2019}}</ref> She was placed on life support and was taken to the ICU.<ref name=Hein2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/health/arizona-teen-icu-vape-illness-mom-feels-total-failure|title=Arizona teen in ICU with vape illness, mom feels like 'total failure'|last=Hein|first=Alexandria|publisher=Fox News|date=15 October 2019}}</ref> On October 14, 2019, doctors stated she will stay in the hospital for at least the next 35 days.<ref name=Martinez2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.fox10phoenix.com/news/valley-teen-hospitalized-after-being-found-unresponsive-due-to-vaping-related-illness|title=Valley teen hospitalized after being found unresponsive due to vaping-related illness|last=Martinez|first=Jennifer|publisher=[[KSAZ-TV]]|date=15 October 2019}}</ref>


News media reports include hospitalized lung illness patients experiencing problems they or their doctors attribute to vaping, including:
⚫
On October 15, 2019 a 17-year-old from Michigan received a [[Lung transplantation#Double-lung|double lung transplant]]<ref name=Corey2019>{{cite web|url=https://time.com/5726491/michigan-teen-vaping-damage-lung-transplant/|title=Michigan Teen Receives Double Lung Transplant After 'Enormous' Damage From Vaping|last=Williams|first=Corey|work=[[Time|Time (magazine)]]|date=13 November 2019}}</ref> after his lungs were destroyed following vaping.<ref name=NBCNews2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/health/vaping/vaping-related-lung-transplant-performed-detroit-hospital-n1080096|title=Vaping-related lung transplant performed at Detroit hospital|publisher=[[NBC News]]|agency=Associated Press|date=11 November 2019}}</ref> This is believed to be the first of this procedure due to vaping.<ref name=McCall2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsweek.com/man-receives-double-transplant-after-lungs-irreparably-damaged-vaping-1471133|title=Man Receives Double Transplant After Lungs 'Irreparably Damaged' by Vaping|last=McCall|first=Rosie|work=Newsweek|date=12 November 2019}}</ref>
⚫
* Dehydration from nausea, [[pneumonia|multifocal pneumonia]], [[sepsis]], [[respiratory failure|acute respiratory failure]] with [[hypoxemia]], and [[thrombus|blood clot]]s, necessitating a [[induced coma|medically induced coma]] and removal of fluid from the lungs.<ref name=Harmata2019>{{cite news|url=https://people.com/health/texas-mom-almost-died-from-vaping-related-lung-illness/|title=Texas Mom Speaks Out After Almost Dying from Vaping-Related Illness: 'My Lungs Were Full of Fluid'|last=Harmata|first=Claudia|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=20 September 2019}}</ref>


* Vomiting, coughing up blood, and [[lipoid pneumonia]]<ref name="Bojórquez2019">{{cite news|url=https://www.deseret.com/utah/2019/8/6/20797673/what-utah-doctors-are-saying-about-vaping|title=What Utah doctors are saying about vaping|last=Bojórquez|first=Kim|work=[[Deseret News]]|date=6 August 2019}}</ref>
It was reported in November 2019, a 15-year-old from [[Desert Hot Springs]] spent over a month in the hospital, following life-threatening injuries thought to be induced by a few months of vaping.<ref name=McMillan2019/> His symptoms began with having trouble breathing, and worsened until he could not stand up.<ref name=McMillan2019/> He said he was vaping a wax cartridge of THC.<ref name=McMillan2019/> The patient said people should not vape because he does not want others to end up in the hospital like him.<ref name=McMillan2019/> He underwent eight surgeries and said "it doesn't feel good."<ref name=McMillan2019>{{cite web|url=https://abc7.com/5674607/|title=Vaping illness: Inland Empire teen suffers life-threatening complications from vaping device|last=McMillan|first=Rob|publisher=[[KABC-TV]]|date=6 November 2019}}</ref> Several of his friends have stopped vaping after finding out he was admitted to the hospital.<ref name=Wynter2019>{{cite web|url=https://ktla.com/2019/11/05/socal-teen-who-landed-in-icu-after-6-months-of-vaping-warns-dont-vape/|title=SoCal Teen Who Landed in ICU After 6 Months of Vaping Warns 'Don't Vape'|last1=Wynter|first1=Kareen|last2=Park|first2=Catherine|publisher=[[KTLA]]|date=6 November 2019}}</ref>
* Nausea, chest pains, and shortness of breath, and acute respiratory distress syndrome necessitating [[extracorporeal membrane oxygenation]] (ECMO)<ref name=Sun2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/one-mans-near-death-experience-with-vaping-related-lung-failure/2019/08/24/ca8ce42c-c5b4-11e9-9986-1fb3e4397be4_story.html|title=He went from hiking enthusiast to 'on death's door' within days. Doctors blamed vaping.|last=H. Sun|first=Lena|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=24 August 2019}}</ref>
* Shoulder and back pain, double lung collapse<ref name=Crash2019>{{cite news|url=https://cbs4indy.com/2019/09/12/marion-family-warns-about-vaping-dangers-after-teen-suffers-double-lung-collapse-it-was-traumatic/|title=Marion family warns about vaping dangers after teen suffers double lung collapse: 'It was traumatic'|last=Crash|first=Melissa|publisher=[[WTTV]]|date=12 September 2019}}</ref>
* Vomiting, fever, sweating, painful coughing, [[bronchitis]], [[classification of pneumonia#Double pneumonia (bilateral pneumonia)|double pneumonia]] in a patient who had vaped [[Tetrahydrocannabinol|THC]]<ref name=DownsHoward2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.leafly.com/news/politics/vape-pen-injury-supply-chain-investigation-leafly|title=Journey of a tainted vape cartridge: from China's labs to your lungs|first1=David|last1=Downs|last2=Howard|first2=Dave|last3=Barcott|first3=Bruce|publisher=Leafy|date=24 September 2019}}</ref>
⚫
* Vomiting up food, oil and water in the lungs, requiring supplemental oxygen for daily activities<ref name=Dillon2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.localsyr.com/news/man-fighting-vaping-related-lung-illness-if-i-die-let-somebody-else-live-off-of-my-mistake/|title=Man fighting vaping-related lung illness: "If I die, let somebody else live off of my mistake"|last=Dillon|first=Dominique|publisher=[[WSYR-TV]]|date=13 September 2019}}</ref>
* Severe pain in the side, lung collapse, "black spots" on the lungs in a patient using about half a [[Juul]] mint pod a day for about 18 months.<ref name=Hagen2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsweek.com/florida-teenager-warns-against-juuling-after-his-lung-collapsed-1453253|title=Florida Teenager Warns Against Juuling After His Lung Collapsed|last=Van Hagen|first=Isobel|work=[[Newsweek]]|date=8 August 2019}}</ref>
* Chest and back pain from recurrent [[pneumothoraces]] (air in the chest outside the lungs)<ref name=BonillaBlair2019>{{cite journal|last1=Bonilla|first1=Alex|last2=Blair|first2=Alexander J.|last3=Alamro|first3=Suliman M.|last4=Ward|first4=Rebecca A.|last5=Feldman|first5=Michael B.|last6=Dutko|first6=Richard A.|last7=Karagounis|first7=Theodora K.|last8=Johnson|first8=Adam L.|last9=Folch|first9=Erik E.|last10=Vyas|first10=Jatin M.|title=Recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces and vaping in an 18-year-old man: a case report and review of the literature|journal=Journal of Medical Case Reports|volume=13|issue=1|pages=283|year=2019|issn=1752-1947|doi=10.1186/s13256-019-2215-4|pmc=6732835|pmid=31495337}}{{CC-notice|cc=by4|url=https://jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13256-019-2215-4|author(s)=Alex Bonilla, Alexander J. Blair, Suliman M. Alamro, Rebecca A. Ward, Michael B. Feldman, Richard A. Dutko, Theodora K. Karagounis, Adam L. Johnson, Erik E. Folch, and Jatin M. Vyas}}</ref>


* Trouble breathing, necessitating a [[mechanical ventilation|ventilator]] and medically induced coma.<ref name=Hawkins2019>{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/teen-put-life-support-vaping-didnt-smoker/story?id=65522370|title=Teen who was put on life-support for vaping says 'I didn't think of myself as a smoker' |last1=Hawkins |first1=Sally |last2=Walker |first2=Knez |last3=Riegle |first3=Ashley |last4=Rivas |first4=Anthony |publisher=ABC News |date=11 September 2019}}</ref> The 18-year-old patient says she bought vaping products from a [[tobacconist|smoke shop]] that did not ask for her [[identity document|ID card]], enabling her to lie that she was 22.<ref name=Ben-Moche2019>{{cite news|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/los_angeles/community/304290/local-teen-lucky-to-be-alive-after-vaping-incident/|title=Local Teen 'Lucky to Be Alive' After Vaping Incident|last=Ben-Moche|first=Erin|work=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles|Jewish Journal]]|date=11 September 2019}}</ref>
== Notes ==
⚫
* Dizziness, vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty breating, necessitating supplemental oxygen.<ref name=Wadas2019>{{cite news|url=https://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2019/09/12/local-teenager-lung-disorder-vaping/|title=Local Teenager Recovering From Lung Disorder Due To Vaping|last=Wadas|first=Amy|publisher=[[KDKA-TV]]|date=12 September 2019}}</ref> <ref name=Cipriani2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.wtae.com/article/beaver-county-teenager-hospitalized-suffering-effects-of-vaping/28986432|title=Beaver County teenager hospitalized, suffering effects of vaping|last=Cipriani|first=Marcie|publisher=[[WTAE-TV]]|date=10 September 2019}}</ref>
{{reflist|group=notes}}
* Breathing problems mistaken for the flu or [[gastroenteritis|stomach virus]], eventually requiring [[extracorporeal membrane oxygenation|ECMO]]<ref name=Grady2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/15/health/vaping-thc-illness.html|title=A Young Man Nearly Lost His Life to Vaping|last=Grady|first=Denise|work=The New York Times|date=15 October 2019}}</ref>
⚫
* Difficulty breathing, requiring supplemental oxygen and steroids,<ref name=Shanes2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/2019/10/10/vaping-juul-damaged-nj-woman-lungs-left-her-hospitalized/3932942002/|title='My lungs were chemically burned': NJ victim speaks out against vaping|last=Shanes|first=Alexis|publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]]|date=10 October 2019}}</ref> diagnosed as [[Obliterative bronchiolitis|popcorn lung]].<ref name=Haskell2019>{{cite news|url=https://wcbs880.radio.com/articles/nj-woman-speaks-out-after-nearly-dying-vaping|title='Most Miserable Time Of My Life': NJ Woman Speaks Out After Nearly Dying From Vaping|last=Haskell|first=Peter|publisher=[[WCBS (AM)]]|date=10 October 2019}}</ref>
* Dizziness and vomiting, problems breathing diagnosed as [[pneumonitis]]<ref name=Farber2019>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/health/indiana-teen-vaping-illness-expelled-report|title=Indiana teen says he was expelled after suffering vaping illness at school|last=Farber|first=Madeline|publisher=Fox News|date=4 November 2019}}</ref>
* Patient discovered unresponsive in bedroom, mucus and blood coming from lungs, [[cardiac arrest]]<ref name=Martinez2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.fox10phoenix.com/news/valley-teen-hospitalized-after-being-found-unresponsive-due-to-vaping-related-illness|title=Valley teen hospitalized after being found unresponsive due to vaping-related illness|last=Martinez|first=Jennifer|publisher=[[KSAZ-TV]]|date=15 October 2019}}</ref>
⚫
* [[Lung transplantation#Double-lung|Double lung transplant]] for a 17-year-old from Michigan on October 15, 2019,<ref name=Corey2019>{{cite web|url=https://time.com/5726491/michigan-teen-vaping-damage-lung-transplant/|title=Michigan Teen Receives Double Lung Transplant After 'Enormous' Damage From Vaping|last=Williams|first=Corey|work=[[Time|Time (magazine)]]|date=13 November 2019}}</ref> believed to be the first such procedure due to vaping<ref name=McCall2019>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsweek.com/man-receives-double-transplant-after-lungs-irreparably-damaged-vaping-1471133|title=Man Receives Double Transplant After Lungs 'Irreparably Damaged' by Vaping|last=McCall|first=Rosie|work=Newsweek|date=12 November 2019}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 21:31, 21 February 2020

Map of reported hospitalized cases or deaths in the United States by state and territory.
Map of reported hospitalized cases or deaths in the US and US territories.[1]

An outbreak of severe lung disease linked to vaping is ongoing,[1] primarily in the United States,[2] starting in 2019.[3] As of January 21, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported a total of 60 deaths and 2,711 hospitalizations (including deaths) from all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and two US territories (Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands).[1] Cases peaked in September 2019, and have been slowly declining since.[1]

Most people were having respiratory issues by the time they got to the hospital, with some also reporting chest pain and vomiting.[4] Vitamin E acetate is strongly linked to the vaping lung illness outbreak.[1] However, evidence is not sufficient to rule out the contribution of other chemicals of concern, including chemicals in either THC or non-THC products, in some of the reported hospitalized cases.[1] The CDC recommends that e-cigarette, or vaping, products should never be used by youths, young adults, or women who are pregnant.[1] Adults who do not currently use tobacco products should not start using e-cigarette, or vaping, products, according to the CDC.[1]

Lawsuits over respiratory lung injuries purportedly resulting from vaping have been filed in California, Washington State, and Florida.[5] Medical interventions being used to treat the illness include medically induced coma,[6] supplemental oxygen,[1] and assisted ventilation.[1] A handful of individuals have been re-admitted for clinical care after discharge for lung injury.[7]

Treatment and prevention recommendations

The CDC states that advising persons to discontinue use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products should be an integral part of the care approach during an inpatient admission and should be re-emphasized during outpatient follow-up.[8] Quitting of e-cigarette, or vaping, products might speed recovery from this injury; resuming use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products has the potential to cause recurrence of symptoms or lung injury.[8] Evidence-based tobacco product quitting strategies include behavioral counseling and US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA)-approved cessation medications.[8] The CDC and the US FDA recommend that people not use THC-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, products, particularly from informal sources like friends, family, or in-person or online dealers.[1] Adults using nicotine-containing e-cigarettes or vaping products as an alternative to cigarettes should not go back to smoking, according to the CDC.[1]

Persons hospitalized

Hospitalizations

Juul e-cigarette with pods.
Juul e-cigarette with pods.
The illicit brand Dank Vapes.
The illicit brand Dank Vapes.

News media reports include hospitalized lung illness patients experiencing problems they or their doctors attribute to vaping, including:

  • Vomiting, coughing up blood, and lipoid pneumonia[10]
  • Nausea, chest pains, and shortness of breath, and acute respiratory distress syndrome necessitating extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)[11]
  • Shoulder and back pain, double lung collapse[12]
  • Vomiting, fever, sweating, painful coughing, bronchitis, double pneumonia in a patient who had vaped THC[13]
  • Vomiting up food, oil and water in the lungs, requiring supplemental oxygen for daily activities[14]
  • Severe pain in the side, lung collapse, "black spots" on the lungs in a patient using about half a Juul mint pod a day for about 18 months.[15]
  • Chest and back pain from recurrent pneumothoraces (air in the chest outside the lungs)[16]
  • Trouble breathing, necessitating a ventilator and medically induced coma.[17] The 18-year-old patient says she bought vaping products from a smoke shop that did not ask for her ID card, enabling her to lie that she was 22.[18]
  • Dizziness, vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty breating, necessitating supplemental oxygen.[19] [20]
  • Breathing problems mistaken for the flu or stomach virus, eventually requiring ECMO[21]
  • Difficulty breathing, requiring supplemental oxygen and steroids,[22] diagnosed as popcorn lung.[23]
  • Dizziness and vomiting, problems breathing diagnosed as pneumonitis[24]
  • Patient discovered unresponsive in bedroom, mucus and blood coming from lungs, cardiac arrest[25]
  • Double lung transplant for a 17-year-old from Michigan on October 15, 2019,[26] believed to be the first such procedure due to vaping[27]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with E-Cigarette Use, or Vaping". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 28 January 2020.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ Kelland, Kate (14 October 2019). "Vaping illness, deaths likely very rare beyond U.S., experts say". Reuters.
  3. ^ Layden, Jennifer E.; Ghinai, Isaac; Pray, Ian; et al. (2019). "Pulmonary Illness Related to E-Cigarette Use in Illinois and Wisconsin — Preliminary Report". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1911614. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 31491072.
  4. ^ Kaplan, Sheila (7 September 2019). "Dozens of Young People Hospitalized for Breathing and Lung Problems After Vaping". The New York Times.
  5. ^ Kapnick, Izzy (25 October 2019). "Vaping Companies Brace for Wave of Lawsuits Over Lung Illness". Courthouse News Service.
  6. ^ Roshan (7 September 2019). "E-cigarette users warned to stop vaping after five deaths from mystery lung disease". Herald Publicist.
  7. ^ "Transcript of CDC Telebriefing: Lung Injury Investigation". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 11 October 2019.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
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  11. ^ H. Sun, Lena (24 August 2019). "He went from hiking enthusiast to 'on death's door' within days. Doctors blamed vaping". The Washington Post.
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  13. ^ Downs, David; Howard, Dave; Barcott, Bruce (24 September 2019). "Journey of a tainted vape cartridge: from China's labs to your lungs". Leafy.
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  15. ^ Van Hagen, Isobel (8 August 2019). "Florida Teenager Warns Against Juuling After His Lung Collapsed". Newsweek.
  16. ^ Bonilla, Alex; Blair, Alexander J.; Alamro, Suliman M.; Ward, Rebecca A.; Feldman, Michael B.; Dutko, Richard A.; Karagounis, Theodora K.; Johnson, Adam L.; Folch, Erik E.; Vyas, Jatin M. (2019). "Recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces and vaping in an 18-year-old man: a case report and review of the literature". Journal of Medical Case Reports. 13 (1): 283. doi:10.1186/s13256-019-2215-4. ISSN 1752-1947. PMC 6732835. PMID 31495337.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) This article incorporates text by Alex Bonilla, Alexander J. Blair, Suliman M. Alamro, Rebecca A. Ward, Michael B. Feldman, Richard A. Dutko, Theodora K. Karagounis, Adam L. Johnson, Erik E. Folch, and Jatin M. Vyas available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
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  26. ^ Williams, Corey (13 November 2019). "Michigan Teen Receives Double Lung Transplant After 'Enormous' Damage From Vaping". Time (magazine).
  27. ^ McCall, Rosie (12 November 2019). "Man Receives Double Transplant After Lungs 'Irreparably Damaged' by Vaping". Newsweek.

External links

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