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In 2018, the UK agreed to give asylum to some of the 500 White Helmets members and relatives who had been evacuated to Jordan, following lobbying by Le Mesurier. The UK government justified the decision by noting that "The White Helmets have saved over 115,000 lives during the Syrian conflict".<ref name="telegraphdn" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jul/22/israel-evacuates-800-white-helmets-in-face-of-syria-advance|title=UK agrees to take in some White Helmets evacuated from Syria by Israel|last=Wintour|first=Patrick|date=22 July 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=11 November 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
In 2018, the UK agreed to give asylum to some of the 500 White Helmets members and relatives who had been evacuated to Jordan, following lobbying by Le Mesurier. The UK government justified the decision by noting that "The White Helmets have saved over 115,000 lives during the Syrian conflict".<ref name="telegraphdn" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jul/22/israel-evacuates-800-white-helmets-in-face-of-syria-advance|title=UK agrees to take in some White Helmets evacuated from Syria by Israel|last=Wintour|first=Patrick|date=22 July 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=11 November 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>


===Russian and Syrian disinformation campaign===
===Russian and Syrian disinformation campaign or British and American disinformation campaign ===
''[[The Times]]'' reported that Le Mesurier was "the subject of an intense black propaganda campaign for years by pro-Assad activists and Russian diplomats".<ref name="Spencer">{{cite news|last=Spencer|first=Richard|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/world/british-ex-army-man-behind-syrias-white-helmet-rescuers-found-dead-7sfjwn2ss|title=British ex-Army man behind Syria's White Helmet rescuers found dead|work=The Times|date=11 November 2016|access-date=11 November 2019}} {{subscription required}}</ref><ref name="York">{{Cite news|last=York|first=Chris|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/white-helmets-founder-james-le-mesurier-found-dead-in-home_uk_5dc93749e4b0fcfb7f697b96|title=White Helmets Founder James Le Mesurier 'Found Dead In Home'|date=11 November 2019|website=HuffPost UK|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' reported that the group and Le Mesurier were the target of "unfounded conspiracy theories".<ref name="Yee" /> It was alleged that Le Mesurier's British Army background meant that he was effectively operating as a British state agent.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/02/10/great-escape-inside-remarkable-evacuation-white-helmets-rescuers/|title=How an ex-Army officer inspired by The Great Escape masterminded the evacuation of White Helmet rescuers from Syria|last=Oliphant|first=Roland|date=10 February 2019|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=11 November 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}</ref>
''[[The Times]]'' reported that Le Mesurier was "the subject of an intense black propaganda campaign for years by pro-Assad activists and Russian diplomats".<ref name="Spencer">{{cite news|last=Spencer|first=Richard|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/world/british-ex-army-man-behind-syrias-white-helmet-rescuers-found-dead-7sfjwn2ss|title=British ex-Army man behind Syria's White Helmet rescuers found dead|work=The Times|date=11 November 2016|access-date=11 November 2019}} {{subscription required}}</ref><ref name="York">{{Cite news|last=York|first=Chris|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/white-helmets-founder-james-le-mesurier-found-dead-in-home_uk_5dc93749e4b0fcfb7f697b96|title=White Helmets Founder James Le Mesurier 'Found Dead In Home'|date=11 November 2019|website=HuffPost UK|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' reported that the group and Le Mesurier were the target of "unfounded conspiracy theories".<ref name="Yee" /> It was alleged that Le Mesurier's British Army background meant that he was effectively operating as a British state agent.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/02/10/great-escape-inside-remarkable-evacuation-white-helmets-rescuers/|title=How an ex-Army officer inspired by The Great Escape masterminded the evacuation of White Helmet rescuers from Syria|last=Oliphant|first=Roland|date=10 February 2019|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=11 November 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}</ref>
There are some witnessed reports that, on the opposite, claim that the White Helmet are just a rescue team for the military rebel faction, often linked with Jahbat al Nusra Front, one of the leading faction of the uprise against the constituited power of the Syrian Arab Repubblic.
One of main critic is that they operate only in staged scenaries (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8bIupYSZeU) or (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gha4jkiSlRw&t=88s). The White Helmets were the first to report the Douma chemical attack, blaming the Syrian Arab Army, but the OWPC investigations were poorly carried out and many results were hided, like there were early official statment reported (check https://wikileaks. org/opcw-douma/document/correctly_redacted_emails_re_toxicology_minutes/correctly_redacted_emails_re_toxicology_minutes.pdf) cit. "the circumstances of the death for the victims do not match chlorine rather than corpes arranged for propaganda purpose". (https://thegrayzone.com/2020/02/11/new-leaks-shatter-opcws-attacks-douma-whistleblowers/)


[[Janine di Giovanni]] has written the claim he was a spy lacks any evidence.<ref>{{cite news|last=di Gioanni|first=Janine|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/14/opinion/syria-white-helmet-founder-dead.html|title=The Brief and Inspiring Life of James Le Mesurier|work=The New York Times|date=14 November 2019|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref> The accusations, from those who are opposed to any Western involvement in Syria and are backers of the Assad regime, include bloggers connected to the English-language Russian media who claim the White Helmets and Le Mesurier were intending to push for regime change in Syria.<ref name="Di Giovannt">{{cite news|last=Di Giovanni|first=Janine|url=https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2018/10/16/why-assad-and-russia-target-the-white-helmets/|title=Why Assad and Russia Target the White Helmets|work=New York Review of Books|date=16 October 2018|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/mena/syria-s-white-helmets-all-we-care-about-is-saving-lives-1.756229|title=Syria's White Helmets: All we care about is saving lives|website=The National|language=en|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> Ben Nimmo, of the social media analysis company Graphika, said such claims began around 2015 with the involvement of Syrian and Russian forces in the War, and increased after their military began the [[Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)|Siege of Aleppo]] in late 2016 with their targeting of hospitals, a potential war crime, which the White Helmets witnessed and were by now able to provide video evidence.<ref name="Sengupta">{{cite news|last=Sengupta|first=Kim|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/james-le-mesurier-death-white-helmets-syria-russia-propaganda-a9204896.html|title=James Le Mesurier death: Co-founder of White Helmets besieged by funding worries and Russian propaganda campaign against him
[[Janine di Giovanni]] has written the claim he was a spy lacks any evidence.<ref>{{cite news|last=di Gioanni|first=Janine|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/14/opinion/syria-white-helmet-founder-dead.html|title=The Brief and Inspiring Life of James Le Mesurier|work=The New York Times|date=14 November 2019|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref> The accusations, from those who are opposed to any Western involvement in Syria and are backers of the Assad regime, include bloggers connected to the English-language Russian media who claim the White Helmets and Le Mesurier were intending to push for regime change in Syria.<ref name="Di Giovannt">{{cite news|last=Di Giovanni|first=Janine|url=https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2018/10/16/why-assad-and-russia-target-the-white-helmets/|title=Why Assad and Russia Target the White Helmets|work=New York Review of Books|date=16 October 2018|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/mena/syria-s-white-helmets-all-we-care-about-is-saving-lives-1.756229|title=Syria's White Helmets: All we care about is saving lives|website=The National|language=en|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> Ben Nimmo, of the social media analysis company Graphika, said such claims began around 2015 with the involvement of Syrian and Russian forces in the War, and increased after their military began the [[Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)|Siege of Aleppo]] in late 2016 with their targeting of hospitals, a potential war crime, which the White Helmets witnessed and were by now able to provide video evidence.<ref name="Sengupta">{{cite news|last=Sengupta|first=Kim|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/james-le-mesurier-death-white-helmets-syria-russia-propaganda-a9204896.html|title=James Le Mesurier death: Co-founder of White Helmets besieged by funding worries and Russian propaganda campaign against him

Revision as of 13:48, 5 March 2020

James Le Mesurier
OBE
Born
James Gustaf Edward Le Mesurier

(1971-05-25)25 May 1971
RAF Changi, Singapore
Died11 November 2019(2019-11-11) (aged 48)
Istanbul, Turkey
NationalityBritish
Education
OccupationArmy officer
Known forCo-founding Syrian White Helmets
Military career
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
Service / branchBritish Army
Years of service1990–2000
RankCaptain
UnitRoyal Green Jackets

James Gustaf Edward Le Mesurier OBE (25 May 1971 – 11 November 2019)[1] was the British co-founder of the White Helmets, a volunteer civil defence organisation in the Syrian Civil War. He was a British Army officer in the 1990s and also worked with the United Nations peacekeeping force in the former Yugoslavia.[2] He was also the director of the non-profit Mayday Rescue Foundation.[3][4]

Early life

Le Mesurier was born on 25 May 1971 at RAF Changi in Singapore.[5][6] He was the son of Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin Havilland Churchill Le Mesurier, of the Royal Marines, and his Swedish wife, Ewa.[7] He had an older sister.[6] Actor John Le Mesurier was a relative.[5][8]

He was educated at Northaw prep school, Canford School and attended Ulster University (sponsored by the army), but for security reasons finished the final year of his degree at Aberystwyth University studying International Relations and Strategic Studies.[5][8]

Military and government service

In 1994, Le Mesurier was commissioned into the Royal Green Jackets,[7] British Army, as a second lieutenant (University Cadetship); the British Army was sponsoring him through university.[9] Having graduated from university, he was appointed second lieutenant (on probation) on 20 June 1993 upon entering the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.[10] At Sandhurst, he graduated top of class and won the Queens’ Medal award.[8] He was promoted to lieutenant on 11 August 1993,[11] and to captain on 11 August 1996.[12] He served with the Royal Green Jackets in Northern Ireland, and as an intelligence officer in Bosnia and Kosovo.[5][8] In 1999, he worked as a Return and Reconstruction Task Force Officer at the Office of the High Representative in the former Yugoslavia.[13] He retired from the military on 1 June 2000.[14]

Le Mesurier then worked for a year as a United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo Policy Advisor in the former Yugoslavia.[2] He then became the Head of the Jericho Monitoring Mission for the Foreign and Commonwealth Office from 2002 to 2004, responsible for monitoring six Palestinian prisoners.[8][15] Subsequently, he took an Advisor role at the Embassy of the United States, Baghdad.[13]

Private security work

From 2005 to 2007, Le Mesurier worked for the British headquartered Olive Group (later merged into the U.S. Constellis Group).[7]

From 2008 to 2012, he worked for Good Harbor Consulting[13] run by Richard A. Clarke, formerly National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure Protection and Counter-terrorism under U.S. Presidents Clinton and George W. Bush. His work included training the United Arab Emirates (UAE) oil and gas field protection force, designing security infrastructure for Abu Dhabi, and safety and security for the 2010 Arabian Gulf Cup in Yemen.[16][17]

From 2012 to 2014, Le Mesurier worked for the UAE consultancy Analysis, Research, and Knowledge (ARK),[18] which stated its goal was to "help realise the legitimate political, social and economic aspirations of conflict-affected communities".[19] In 2013, with the Turkish NGO AKUT Search and Rescue Association, ARK started training non-governmental Syrian civil defence teams in Turkey, funded by the UK, U.S. and Japanese governments and managed by Le Mesurier.[20][21][22]

Work with the White Helmets

Foundation and activities

Le Mesurier founded and was the director of Mayday Rescue, a charity that trained and supported Syrian volunteers in emergency response, including search and rescue of bombed buildings, and medical evacuation.[1][3] The volunteer group developed into the White Helmets (a nickname for the Syria Civil Defence – not to be confused with the official Syrian Civil Defence Forces), an organisation which was founded in 2013.[1] By 2015, it was reported to have more than 2,700 volunteers. Le Mesurier told Al-Jazeera that by 2015 they had saved more than 24,000 people. "At the time, I was working in Istanbul ... and got together with a group of Turkish earthquake rescue volunteers", Le Mesurier told Al-Jazeera.[23]

Mayday Rescue reported that between 2014 and 2018 it received funding of $127 million, $19 million of which came from non-government sources and the remainder from Western governments.[24]

In the 2016 Birthday Honours, Le Mesurier received an OBE "for services to Syria Civil Defence and the protection of civilians in Syria".[25][8]

In 2018, the UK agreed to give asylum to some of the 500 White Helmets members and relatives who had been evacuated to Jordan, following lobbying by Le Mesurier. The UK government justified the decision by noting that "The White Helmets have saved over 115,000 lives during the Syrian conflict".[8][26]

Russian and Syrian disinformation campaign or British and American disinformation campaign

The Times reported that Le Mesurier was "the subject of an intense black propaganda campaign for years by pro-Assad activists and Russian diplomats".[27][28] The New York Times reported that the group and Le Mesurier were the target of "unfounded conspiracy theories".[3] It was alleged that Le Mesurier's British Army background meant that he was effectively operating as a British state agent.[29] There are some witnessed reports that, on the opposite, claim that the White Helmet are just a rescue team for the military rebel faction, often linked with Jahbat al Nusra Front, one of the leading faction of the uprise against the constituited power of the Syrian Arab Repubblic. One of main critic is that they operate only in staged scenaries (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8bIupYSZeU) or (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gha4jkiSlRw&t=88s). The White Helmets were the first to report the Douma chemical attack, blaming the Syrian Arab Army, but the OWPC investigations were poorly carried out and many results were hided, like there were early official statment reported (check https://wikileaks. org/opcw-douma/document/correctly_redacted_emails_re_toxicology_minutes/correctly_redacted_emails_re_toxicology_minutes.pdf) cit. "the circumstances of the death for the victims do not match chlorine rather than corpes arranged for propaganda purpose". (https://thegrayzone.com/2020/02/11/new-leaks-shatter-opcws-attacks-douma-whistleblowers/)

Janine di Giovanni has written the claim he was a spy lacks any evidence.[30] The accusations, from those who are opposed to any Western involvement in Syria and are backers of the Assad regime, include bloggers connected to the English-language Russian media who claim the White Helmets and Le Mesurier were intending to push for regime change in Syria.[31][32] Ben Nimmo, of the social media analysis company Graphika, said such claims began around 2015 with the involvement of Syrian and Russian forces in the War, and increased after their military began the Siege of Aleppo in late 2016 with their targeting of hospitals, a potential war crime, which the White Helmets witnessed and were by now able to provide video evidence.[33]

A week before Le Mesurier died, he was accused on Twitter by Russia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs official Maria Zakharova of being a former MI6 agent with "connections to terrorist groups".[27][28] The UK Permanent Representative to the UN, Karen Pierce described Le Mesurier as a "true hero". She denied the charges, saying that they were "categorically untrue. He was a British soldier."[8][34]

"If you make the decision to risk your life, to save other people, it goes against radicalization", Le Mesurier told di Giovanni in an article for Newsweek in 2016. "They’ve emerged as the representative of the average, good Syrian."[35]

Personal life

Le Mesurier was married three times, the first two (to Aurelie Marle and Sarah Tosh) ended in divorce. He had two daughters with his second wife.[7][18][36]

In 2018, he married Emma Winberg,[18][7] who is a director of Mayday Rescue and formerly a Foreign and Commonwealth Office diplomat.[5][37]

Death

On 11 November 2019, Le Mesurier was found dead in the street at 4:30 in the morning (1:30 GMT) in the Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Paşa neighbourhood of Beyoğlu, Istanbul, as a result of what appears to have been a fall from his balcony.[38][39][40] Le Mesurier was found with fractures to his head and legs.[41] Le Mesurier's wife said they had only a short while earlier gone to bed at 4 a.m., taking sleeping tablets.[8] Later The Times reported that the Turkish police were treating the death as suicide, based on information from Le Mesurier's wife and his recent medical history, and that no forensic, autopsy or CCTV evidence indicated otherwise.[42][43][44][45] On 14 November 2019, Le Mesurier's body was repatriated to London, while the Turkish investigation continued.[46] At the time of his death, it was reported that the President of Syria, Bashar al-Assad, had the belief that Le Mesurier was murdered by Western intelligence services.[33]

A month later, the Turkish authorities confirmed the injuries he sustained were consistent with a fall from the balcony, according to the post-mortem, "general body trauma linked to a fall from height". No DNA from other individuals was found. A toxicology report, according to a private Turkish broadcaster NTV, found signs of sleeping pills in Le Mesurier's body matching the statement from his widow.[47]

References

  1. ^ a b c Trew, Bel (11 November 2019). "James Le Mesurier: White Helmets backer found dead near his home in Istanbul". The Independent. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Syrie. Les Casques blancs, héros ordinaires de la guerre civile". Courrier international (in French). 11 June 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  3. ^ a b c Yee, Vivien (11 November 2019). "James Le Mesurier, Backer of Syrian White Helmets, Is Found Dead in Turkey". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  4. ^ Jan, Maria (21 August 2015). "Q&A: Syria's White Helmets". Al Jazeera Media Network. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d e "James Le Mesurier obituary". The Times. London. 13 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  6. ^ a b Rough Index to the Le Mesurier Family, 2010 (PDF), p. 273
  7. ^ a b c d e "James Le Mesurier, founder of MayDay Rescue, whose 'White Helmets' first-response teams saved thousands of lives in Syria – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i Sanchez, Raf; Cheeseman, Abbie; Oliphant, Roland; Yüksekkaş, Burhan; Mendick, Robert (13 November 2019). "James Le Mesurier, founder of MayDay Rescue, whose 'White Helmets' first-response teams saved thousands of lives in Syria - obituary". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  9. ^ "No. 52323". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 November 1990. p. 17192.
  10. ^ "No. 53466". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 October 1993. p. 17153.
  11. ^ "No. 53794". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 September 1994. p. 13203.
  12. ^ "No. 54545". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 October 1996. p. 13341.
  13. ^ a b c "James L. – Founder / Director at Mayday Rescue Foundation". LinkedIn. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  14. ^ "No. 55866". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 June 2000. p. 6154.
  15. ^ Sturcke, James (14 March 2006). "Monitors in a Jericho jail". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  16. ^ Bryan Schatz (10 December 2014). "The Most Dangerous Job in the World: Syria's Elite Rescue Force". Men's Journal. Archived from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  17. ^ James Le Mesurier (14 December 2010). "Lessons learnt from Yemen's dark horse triumph as Cup host". The National. Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 11 November 2019. James Le Mesurier is an expert in strategic urban security at Good Harbor Consulting based in Abu Dhabi
  18. ^ a b c Chulov, Martin (13 November 2019). "James Le Mesurier obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
  19. ^ "Values and Goals". Analysis, Research and Knowledge. Archived from the original on 11 August 2015.
  20. ^ Lucas, Scott (7 October 2016). "Who are Syria's White Helmets and why are they so controversial?". The Conversation. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  21. ^ Ibrahim Seaga Shaw; Senthan Selvarajah, eds. (2019). Reporting Human Rights, Conflicts and Peacebuilding: Critical and Global Perspectives. Springer. p. 42. ISBN 9783030107192. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  22. ^ "Train Urban Search and Rescue Teams". Analysis, Research and Knowledge. Archived from the original on 11 August 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  23. ^ Jan, Maria (21 August 2015). "Q&A: Syria's White Helmets". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  24. ^ Review of the monitoring systems of three projects in Syria: AJACS, White Helmets and NLA (PDF). Policy and Operations Evaluation Department (IOB) (Report). Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs. August 2018. pp. 23–24, 43. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  25. ^ "No. 61608". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 June 2016. pp. B25–B26.
  26. ^ Wintour, Patrick (22 July 2018). "UK agrees to take in some White Helmets evacuated from Syria by Israel". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  27. ^ a b Spencer, Richard (11 November 2016). "British ex-Army man behind Syria's White Helmet rescuers found dead". The Times. Retrieved 11 November 2019. (subscription required)
  28. ^ a b York, Chris (11 November 2019). "White Helmets Founder James Le Mesurier 'Found Dead In Home'". HuffPost UK. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  29. ^ Oliphant, Roland (10 February 2019). "How an ex-Army officer inspired by The Great Escape masterminded the evacuation of White Helmet rescuers from Syria". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  30. ^ di Gioanni, Janine (14 November 2019). "The Brief and Inspiring Life of James Le Mesurier". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  31. ^ Di Giovanni, Janine (16 October 2018). "Why Assad and Russia Target the White Helmets". New York Review of Books. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  32. ^ "Syria's White Helmets: All we care about is saving lives". The National. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  33. ^ a b Sengupta, Kim (15 November 2019). "James Le Mesurier death: Co-founder of White Helmets besieged by funding worries and Russian propaganda campaign against him". The Independent. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  34. ^ "Key backer of Syrian 'White Helmets' James Le Mesurier found dead in Istanbul". ABC News. Australia. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  35. ^ Di Giovanni, Janine (27 January 2016). "The Most Dangerous Job on Earth". Newsweek. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  36. ^ Speare-Cole, Rebecca (11 November 2019). "White Helmets backer James Le Mesurier 'found dead in Turkey'". Evening Standard. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  37. ^ Winberg, Emma. "Emma Winberg – Strategy Director, Mayday Rescue". Skoll Foundation. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  38. ^ Kottasová, Ivana; Tuysuz, Gul (11 November 2019). "Backer of Syria's White Helmets found dead in Istanbul". CNN. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  39. ^ Safi, Michael (11 November 2019). "British founder of White Helmets found dead in Istanbul". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  40. ^ Evans, Zachary (11 November 2019). "British Founder of Syrian 'White Helmets' Aid Organization Found Dead in Istanbul". National Review. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  41. ^ "James Le Mesurier, White Helmets co-founder, discovered dead in Turkey". BBC News. 8 November 2019.
  42. ^ Spencer, Richard (15 November 2019). "White Helmets founder James Le Mesurier's death being treated as suicide, say Turkish police". The Times. London. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  43. ^ Safi, Michael (13 November 2019). "No signs of foul play in death of White Helmets founder, say Turkish police". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  44. ^ "Probe launched into death of former British military officer". Hürriyet Daily News. Istanbul. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  45. ^ Huseyin Bagis; Halil Demir (12 November 2019). "Le Mesurier thought of suicide before his death: Wife". Anadolu Agency. Istanbul. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  46. ^ "White Helmets founder's wife barred from leaving Turkey". The Washington Post. Associated Press. 14 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  47. ^ "James Le Mesurier: White Helmets co-founder died from fall, Turkey says". BBC News. 16 December 2019. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
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