Josefina Guerrero: Difference between revisions
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Josefine Guerrero was born on August 5, 1917 in [[Lucban, Quezon]] province. Guerrero was religious and revered [[Joan of Arc]]. Upon her parent's sudden and early death, the [[Sisters of the Good Shepherd]] took her in until she got afflicted with [[tuberculosis]] and the nuns were unable to care for her. Her grandparents then looked after her. Upon her recovery, she was sent to [[Manila]] to obtain education at a convent. Guerrero enjoyed art, poetry and music, and actively joined sports teams.<ref name="Book">{{cite book |last1=Montgomery |first1=Ben |title=Leper Spy: The Story of an Unlikely Hero of World War II |publisher=Chicago Review Press |isbn=978-1-61373-433-9 |url=https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=il2rDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT79&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=2#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=29 September 2020 |language=en}}</ref> She was described by many as attractive, lively and jolly.<ref name="Time">{{cite news |title=HEROES: Joey |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,798844,00.html#m |accessdate=29 September 2020 |work=Time |publisher=TIME USA, LLC, |date=19 July 1948}}</ref> |
Josefine Guerrero was born on August 5, 1917 in [[Lucban, Quezon]] province. Guerrero was religious and revered [[Joan of Arc]]. Upon her parent's sudden and early death, the [[Sisters of the Good Shepherd]] took her in until she got afflicted with [[tuberculosis]] and the nuns were unable to care for her. Her grandparents then looked after her. Upon her recovery, she was sent to [[Manila]] to obtain education at a convent. Guerrero enjoyed art, poetry and music, and actively joined sports teams.<ref name="Book">{{cite book |last1=Montgomery |first1=Ben |title=Leper Spy: The Story of an Unlikely Hero of World War II |publisher=Chicago Review Press |isbn=978-1-61373-433-9 |url=https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=il2rDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT79&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=2#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=29 September 2020 |language=en}}</ref> She was described by many as attractive, lively and jolly.<ref name="Time">{{cite news |title=HEROES: Joey |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,798844,00.html#m |accessdate=29 September 2020 |work=Time |publisher=TIME USA, LLC, |date=19 July 1948}}</ref> |
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On April 21, 1934, she married affluent medical student Renato Maria Guerrero, son of renowned doctor [[Manuel Severino Guerrero]]. She was sixteen years old and he was twenty-six. She |
On April 21, 1934, she married affluent medical student Renato Maria Guerrero, son of renowned doctor [[Manuel Severino Guerrero]]. She was sixteen years old and he was twenty-six. She had a daughter two years later.<ref name="Book" /> |
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In 1941, Guerrero was diagnosed with [[Hansen’s disease|Hansen's Disease]].<ref name="Time" /> Her husband immediately moved out, away from her, taking their daughter.<ref name="National Museum">{{cite news |last1=Wiesmann |first1=U. N. |last2=DiDonato |first2=S. |last3=Herschkowitz |first3=N. N. |title=From Outcast to Spy to Outcast: The War Hero with Hansen’s Disease |url=https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/philippines-spy-joey-guerrero |accessdate=29 September 2020 |work=The National WWII Museum {{!}} New Orleans |date=27 October 1975 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Tampa">{{cite news |last1=Bancroft |first1=Colette |title=Ben Montgomery's 'Leper Spy' an extraordinary true story of WWII |url=https://www.tampabay.com/features/books/ben-montgomerys-leper-spy-an-extraordinary-true-story-of-wwii/2294553/?outputType=amp |accessdate=29 September 2020 |work=Tampa Bay Times}}</ref>Having leprosy at the time was a stigma.<ref name="National Museum" /> |
In 1941, Guerrero was diagnosed with [[Hansen’s disease|Hansen's Disease]].<ref name="Time" /> Her husband immediately moved out, away from her, taking their daughter.<ref name="National Museum">{{cite news |last1=Wiesmann |first1=U. N. |last2=DiDonato |first2=S. |last3=Herschkowitz |first3=N. N. |title=From Outcast to Spy to Outcast: The War Hero with Hansen’s Disease |url=https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/philippines-spy-joey-guerrero |accessdate=29 September 2020 |work=The National WWII Museum {{!}} New Orleans |date=27 October 1975 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Tampa">{{cite news |last1=Bancroft |first1=Colette |title=Ben Montgomery's 'Leper Spy' an extraordinary true story of WWII |url=https://www.tampabay.com/features/books/ben-montgomerys-leper-spy-an-extraordinary-true-story-of-wwii/2294553/?outputType=amp |accessdate=29 September 2020 |work=Tampa Bay Times}}</ref>Having leprosy at the time was a stigma.<ref name="National Museum" /> |
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Revision as of 02:08, 30 September 2020
Josefina Guerrero | |
|---|---|
| Born | August 5, 1917 |
| Died | 1996 (aged 78 or 79) |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance |  United States Philippines |
| Battles / wars | World War II |
Josefina Guerrero (born August 5, 1917 - 1996) was a Filipina spy during World War II. Guerrero was afflicted with leprosy and was an unsuspicious and effective surveillance asset for American allied forces.[1][2]
Early and personal life
Josefine Guerrero was born on August 5, 1917 in Lucban, Quezon province. Guerrero was religious and revered Joan of Arc. Upon her parent's sudden and early death, the Sisters of the Good Shepherd took her in until she got afflicted with tuberculosis and the nuns were unable to care for her. Her grandparents then looked after her. Upon her recovery, she was sent to Manila to obtain education at a convent. Guerrero enjoyed art, poetry and music, and actively joined sports teams.[3] She was described by many as attractive, lively and jolly.[4]
On April 21, 1934, she married affluent medical student Renato Maria Guerrero, son of renowned doctor Manuel Severino Guerrero. She was sixteen years old and he was twenty-six. She had a daughter two years later.[3]
In 1941, Guerrero was diagnosed with Hansen's Disease.[4] Her husband immediately moved out, away from her, taking their daughter.[5][6]Having leprosy at the time was a stigma.[5]
War
As the Japanese invaded the country in 1942, there was a shortage of medical supplies.[5] Guerrero felt hopeless and depressed, until she claimed to have an epiphany: if she was going to die, she would die with honor.[5] She reached out to a friend, claiming she wanted to a soldier, and tracked a man who was a member of the resistance. Guerrero was twenty-four at that time and the man responded to her that they do not accept children, to which Guerrero retorted that he'd be surprised to what children can do, and recalled that Joan of Arc was a young girl after all. She joined as a spy.[7][3] Guerrero began as a courier, delivering important news about the war to Filipinos.
As Guerrero's disease worsened, the Japanese soldiers who were aggressive towards her became distant as soon as they saw the increased lesions on her skin. The Japanese frequently subjected Filipinos to full body searches — but as soon as Guerrero announced she was "unclean," they would let her go.[5] Guerrero successfully imparted and transmitted secret messages, information, weapons and vital supplies to the resistance and soldiers. [1] Her tasks later escalated to mapping out gun emplacements and fortifications of the Japanese troops. On September 29, 1944, the Americans used her map to successfully crush the Japanese defenses in Manila Harbour.
Months later, Guerrero was sent to her most dangerous mission. She was to bring the map of minefields towards American headquarters, 35 miles away. It will ensure the safety of the Americans as they proceed to Manila to end Japanese occupation. Guerrero accepted the task. She walked and as she reached 25 miles, she was at the town of Hagonoy. The place was an active combat zone and she rode a boat and outrun river pirates. As she landed on the coast she walked eight miles to her final destination: Calumpit, and found out that the Americans had already progressed to Malolos. She walked again to Malolos, and gave the map to Captain Blair of 37th Infantry Division as she arrived. She suffered paralyzing fatigue and headaches throughout the journey.[5][3]
At the Battle of Manila, Guerrero tended wounded soldiers and civilians and carried children away for refuge, all while avoiding bullets flying on the air amidst the combat.[5]
Death
Guerrero died in 1996. Her address book included no one she knew before the 1960s, claiming that she had left the traumatizing past behind.[6]
References
- ^ a b "#InquirerSeven lesser known Filipino heroines". INQUIRER.net. Philippine Daily Inquirer, Inc. 27 August 2016. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ "Josefina Guerrero: Leper Spy of the Philippines". Rejected Princesses. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d Montgomery, Ben. Leper Spy: The Story of an Unlikely Hero of World War II. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-61373-433-9. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b "HEROES: Joey". Time. TIME USA, LLC,. 19 July 1948. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ a b c d e f g Wiesmann, U. N.; DiDonato, S.; Herschkowitz, N. N. (27 October 1975). "From Outcast to Spy to Outcast: The War Hero with Hansen's Disease". The National WWII Museum | New Orleans. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b Bancroft, Colette. "Ben Montgomery's 'Leper Spy' an extraordinary true story of WWII". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ http://www.washingtontimes.com, The Washington Times (15 May 2020). "BOOK REVIEW: 'The Leper Spy: The Story of an Unlikely Hero of World War II'". The Washington Times. The Washington Times, LLC. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
{{cite news}}: External link in|last1=