Taifa of Algeciras: Difference between revisions
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==History== |
==History== |
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The taifa was created in 1026 when [[Yahya I al-Mu'tali]], a [[Arab]] of the [[Hammudid dynasty]] who had been invited to assume the title of [[caliphate of Córdoba|caliph of Córdoba]], returned to his secure stronghold of [[Málaga]] and subsequently was banished definitively by the Córdobans. After his expulsion, he united under his rule the [[cora (territorial division)|cora]]s of Málaga and [[Algeciras]], initially with the support of the [[Zirid dynasty|Zirids]] of [[Taifa of Granada|Granada]], and thereupon declared the independent Taifa of Málaga. He regained the title of caliph, which thenceforth was exclusive to the Málagan rulers. His rule, which lasted until his death in 1035, was characterized by struggle with the [[Abbadid dynasty]] kings of the [[Taifa of Seville]]. Yahya conquered the [[Taifa of Carmona]], of strategic importance in the area; it was, however, soon recaptured by the Sevillans. |
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The ''[[taifa]]'' was created in 1013, in the wake of the disintegration of the [[caliphate of Córdoba]] which began after 1009. When [[Sulayman ibn al-Hakam]] took control of the caliphate, he gave Algeciras to the [[Hammudid]]s, a [[Berbers|Berber]] dynasty who had helped him in gaining the power. The first king of Algeciras was [[al-Qasim al-Ma'mun]], who later was also caliph. |
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At his death in 1035, the kingdom was divided into two independent entities: the taifa of Málaga proper, under his brother Idris I al-Muta'ayyad, and the [[Taifa of Algeciras]], under his nephew Muhammad ben al-Qasim. Struggle against Seville continued, reaching its climax in the Malagan victory in the 1039 [[Battle of Écija (1039)|Battle of Écija]], thanks also to the support of the taifas of [[taifa of Almería|Almería]], Granada and Carmona. Idris I was succeeded in Málaga by [[Yahya II al-Qa'im]], who lasted only one year, being ousted in 1040 by his uncle [[Hasan al-Mustansir]], in turn overthrown in 1042 by the [[Saqaliba]] Naya al-Siqlabi. |
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His cousin [[Yahya ibn Ali ibn Hammud al-Mu'tali|Yahya al-Mu'tali]] annexed Algeciras to the [[taifa of Málaga]] in 1035. In 1039 [[Muhammad ibn al-Qasim]], son of al-Qasim, was proclaimed emir of Algeciras. |
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In the same year Naya was assassinated, and the Hammudids regained the throne with [[Idris II al-Ali]], brother of Hassan, who reigned until being deposed in 1047 by his cousin [[Muhammad I al-Mahdi]]. In 1053 or 1053 the latter was replaced by his cousin [[Idris III al Sami]], who was also assassinated after just one year, after which Idris II held the throne until his death in 1054 or 1055. His son and successor, [[Muhammad II al-Musta'li]], was deposed by his brother, [[Yahya III al-Mahdi]], under which the taifa was conquered in 1057 by [[Badis ben Habus]], Zirid ruler of Granada. |
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In 1055 [[al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad]], [[taifa of Seville|lord of Seville]], appeared under Algeciras' walls, forcing Muhammad to leave the taifa, which was annexed to that of [[Seville]]. |
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After Badis' death in 1073 and the division of the Granadan taifa between his successors, Málaga went to Tamim ben Buluggin ben Badis while [[Abdallah ibn Buluggin|Abd Allah ben Buluggin]] gained the taifa of Granada. In 1090 |
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Following its conquest, the [[list of Spanish kings|kings of Spain]] (such as [[Philip IV of Spain|Philip IV]]) sometimes included the kingdom of Algeciras among their titles. |
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==List of Emirs== |
==List of Emirs== |
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Revision as of 15:03, 28 January 2021
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Taifa of Algeciras | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1035–1058 | |||||||||
 Taifa Kingdom of Algeciras, c. 1037. | |||||||||
| Capital | Algeciras, currently in Cádiz, Andalusia, Spain | ||||||||
| Common languages | Arabic, Mozarabic, Hebrew | ||||||||
| Religion | Islam, Catholicism, Judaism | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | ||||||||
• Downfall of Caliphate of Córdoba | 1035 | ||||||||
• Conquered by the Taifa of Seville | 1058 | ||||||||
| Currency | Dirham and Dinar | ||||||||
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The Taifa of Algeciras (Template:Lang-ar) was a medieval Muslim taifa kingdom in what is now southern Spain and Gibraltar, that existed from 1035 to 1058.
History
The taifa was created in 1026 when Yahya I al-Mu'tali, a Arab of the Hammudid dynasty who had been invited to assume the title of caliph of Córdoba, returned to his secure stronghold of Málaga and subsequently was banished definitively by the Córdobans. After his expulsion, he united under his rule the coras of Málaga and Algeciras, initially with the support of the Zirids of Granada, and thereupon declared the independent Taifa of Málaga. He regained the title of caliph, which thenceforth was exclusive to the Málagan rulers. His rule, which lasted until his death in 1035, was characterized by struggle with the Abbadid dynasty kings of the Taifa of Seville. Yahya conquered the Taifa of Carmona, of strategic importance in the area; it was, however, soon recaptured by the Sevillans.
At his death in 1035, the kingdom was divided into two independent entities: the taifa of Málaga proper, under his brother Idris I al-Muta'ayyad, and the Taifa of Algeciras, under his nephew Muhammad ben al-Qasim. Struggle against Seville continued, reaching its climax in the Malagan victory in the 1039 Battle of Écija, thanks also to the support of the taifas of Almería, Granada and Carmona. Idris I was succeeded in Málaga by Yahya II al-Qa'im, who lasted only one year, being ousted in 1040 by his uncle Hasan al-Mustansir, in turn overthrown in 1042 by the Saqaliba Naya al-Siqlabi.
In the same year Naya was assassinated, and the Hammudids regained the throne with Idris II al-Ali, brother of Hassan, who reigned until being deposed in 1047 by his cousin Muhammad I al-Mahdi. In 1053 or 1053 the latter was replaced by his cousin Idris III al Sami, who was also assassinated after just one year, after which Idris II held the throne until his death in 1054 or 1055. His son and successor, Muhammad II al-Musta'li, was deposed by his brother, Yahya III al-Mahdi, under which the taifa was conquered in 1057 by Badis ben Habus, Zirid ruler of Granada.
After Badis' death in 1073 and the division of the Granadan taifa between his successors, Málaga went to Tamim ben Buluggin ben Badis while Abd Allah ben Buluggin gained the taifa of Granada. In 1090
List of Emirs
- Muhammad ibn al-Qasim: 1035–1048
- al-Qasim al-Wathiq: 1048–1058
