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Coordinates: 34°03′33.1″N 4°58′37.7″W / 34.059194°N 4.977139°W / 34.059194; -4.977139
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Restored revision 1138848085 by R Prazeres (talk): See talk page
→‎History: Oops: now I see the citation here was mixed up: it should have been citing Cavender, not Maxwell. I knew Cavender was the right source the whole time but my eyes didn't spot that it wasn't the source I placed there! Sorry for the confusion. Will also clarify on talk page.
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== History ==
== History ==
[[File:Ancienne résidence - Medersa, entrée des salons de l'ancienne Résidence - Fès - Médiathèque de l'architecture et du patrimoine - AP62T060668.jpg|thumb|One of the richly-decorated salons (photo from 1916)]]
[[File:Ancienne résidence - Medersa, entrée des salons de l'ancienne Résidence - Fès - Médiathèque de l'architecture et du patrimoine - AP62T060668.jpg|thumb|One of the richly-decorated salons (photo from 1916)]]
The Glaoui family was one of the most powerful political clans in Morocco in the later 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century, having risen to prominent positions of power under [[Muhammad IV of Morocco|Muhammad IV]] and subsequent sultans. The same family had also constructed a lavish kasbah and fortified residence in Telouet, in the High Atlas, starting in 1860.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Cavender|first=Amel|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1958939814|title=Migrants and Fassi Merchants: Urban Changes in Morocco, 1830-1912|publisher=Purdue University, Department of History (PhD thesis)|year=2017|pages=99-100}}</ref> Towards the end of 19th century Thami el Glaoui became one of the most powerful members of the family, even remaining the strongman of southern Morocco under [[French Protectorate in Morocco|French Protectorate]] rule in the 20th century.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Maxwell |first=Gavin |title=Lords of the Atlas : Morocco and the Rise & Fall of the House of Glaoua 1893–1956 |publisher=Cassell |year=1966 |isbn=0304354198 |location=London}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> It was Thami, towards the end of the 19th century, who built the family palace in Fez, and who also began construction of another vast residence in Marrakesh (known today as the [[Dar el Bacha]]).<ref name=":2" />{{efn|According to [[Salah Stétié]], the Dar Glaoui in Fez was originally a palace built by Haj Omar Tazi, the finance minister of [[Abdelaziz of Morocco|Sultan Abdelaziz]], before it was acquired by Thami el Glaoui.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Stétié |first=Salah |url=https://books.google.com/books?newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&id=jjWLNVQCwXgC&dq=palais+glaoui+fes+B%C3%A2ti+dans+la+deuxi%C3%A8me+partie+du+XIXe+si%C3%A8cle+par+Haj+Omar+Tazi&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22B%C3%A2ti+dans+la+deuxi%C3%A8me+partie+du+XIXe+si%C3%A8cle+par+Haj+Omar+Tazi%22 |title=Les trois Médinas: Tunis Alger Fès |publisher=Imprimerie nationale |year=2011 |isbn=978-2-7427-9875-9 |pages=271 |language=fr}}</ref>}} The palace in Fes was located in the ''al-'Uyun'' ("the Sources") neighbourhood, also known today as the Ziat or Ziyat neighbourhood, which until the 19th century was a garden district with relatively plenty of open space to build, thus attracting the construction of several new mansions by wealthy families such as the [[Dar Moqri]] and the Dar al-Tazi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Le Tourneau|first=Roger|title=Fès avant le protectorat: étude économique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman|publisher=Société Marocaine de Librairie et d'Édition|year=1949|location=Casablanca}}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite book|last=Cavender|first=Amel|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1958939814|title=Migrants and Fassi Merchants: Urban Changes in Morocco, 1830-1912|publisher=Purdue University, Department of History (PhD thesis)|year=2017|pages=}}</ref> The Dar Glaoui in Fez was also the first building in Morocco to have electricity and heating.<ref name=":4" />{{Additional citation needed|date=February 2023|reason=Claim might also be found in Maxwell's "Lords of the Atlas", but this could not be verified.}}
The Glaoui family was one of the most powerful political clans in Morocco in the later 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century, having risen to prominent positions of power under [[Muhammad IV of Morocco|Muhammad IV]] and subsequent sultans. The same family had also constructed a lavish kasbah and fortified residence in Telouet, in the High Atlas, starting in 1860.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Cavender|first=Amel|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1958939814|title=Migrants and Fassi Merchants: Urban Changes in Morocco, 1830-1912|publisher=Purdue University, Department of History (PhD thesis)|year=2017|pages=99-100}}</ref> Towards the end of 19th century Thami el Glaoui became one of the most powerful members of the family, even remaining the strongman of southern Morocco under [[French Protectorate in Morocco|French Protectorate]] rule in the 20th century.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Maxwell |first=Gavin |title=Lords of the Atlas : Morocco and the Rise & Fall of the House of Glaoua 1893–1956 |publisher=Cassell |year=1966 |isbn=0304354198 |location=London}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> It was Thami, towards the end of the 19th century, who built the family palace in Fez, and who also began construction of another vast residence in Marrakesh (known today as the [[Dar el Bacha]]).<ref name=":4" />{{efn|According to [[Salah Stétié]], the Dar Glaoui in Fez was originally a palace built by Haj Omar Tazi, the finance minister of [[Abdelaziz of Morocco|Sultan Abdelaziz]], before it was acquired by Thami el Glaoui.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Stétié |first=Salah |url=https://books.google.com/books?newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&id=jjWLNVQCwXgC&dq=palais+glaoui+fes+B%C3%A2ti+dans+la+deuxi%C3%A8me+partie+du+XIXe+si%C3%A8cle+par+Haj+Omar+Tazi&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22B%C3%A2ti+dans+la+deuxi%C3%A8me+partie+du+XIXe+si%C3%A8cle+par+Haj+Omar+Tazi%22 |title=Les trois Médinas: Tunis Alger Fès |publisher=Imprimerie nationale |year=2011 |isbn=978-2-7427-9875-9 |pages=271 |language=fr}}</ref>}} The palace in Fes was located in the ''al-'Uyun'' ("the Sources") neighbourhood, also known today as the Ziat or Ziyat neighbourhood, which until the 19th century was a garden district with relatively plenty of open space to build, thus attracting the construction of several new mansions by wealthy families such as the [[Dar Moqri]] and the Dar al-Tazi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Le Tourneau|first=Roger|title=Fès avant le protectorat: étude économique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman|publisher=Société Marocaine de Librairie et d'Édition|year=1949|location=Casablanca}}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite book|last=Cavender|first=Amel|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1958939814|title=Migrants and Fassi Merchants: Urban Changes in Morocco, 1830-1912|publisher=Purdue University, Department of History (PhD thesis)|year=2017|pages=}}</ref> The Dar Glaoui in Fez was also the first building in Morocco to have electricity and heating.<ref name=":4" />{{Additional citation needed|date=February 2023|reason=Claim might also be found in Maxwell's "Lords of the Atlas", but this could not be verified.}}


When the French [[Treaty of Fes|occupied Morocco]] in 1912, the palace served temporarily as the residence of the French ambassador {{Interlanguage link|Eugène Regnault|fr|Eugène Regnault}}.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Revault |first=Jacques |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sWItAQAAIAAJ&dq=Palais+et+demeures+de+F%C3%A8s&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=glaoui |title=Palais et demeures de Fès III: Époque alawite (XIXe-XXe siècles) |last2=Golvin |first2=Lucien |last3=Amahan |first3=Ali |publisher=Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique |year=1992 |isbn=978-2-222-04698-1 |pages=28 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Porch |first=Douglas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R2N3JzfsfHkC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=dar+glaoui+regnault&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title=The Conquest of Morocco: A History |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-4299-9885-7 |pages=240 |language=en}}</ref> After Morocco regained its independence in 1956, Thami El Glaoui was stripped of his status by [[Mohammed V of Morocco|King Mohammed V]] and the Glaoui palaces fell into neglect.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000|title=Castles in the sand|journal=Geographical|volume=72|issue=6|pages=38}}</ref> The Dar Glaoui today is still privately owned but partly dilapidated.<ref name=":1" />
When the French [[Treaty of Fes|occupied Morocco]] in 1912, the palace served temporarily as the residence of the French ambassador {{Interlanguage link|Eugène Regnault|fr|Eugène Regnault}}.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Revault |first=Jacques |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sWItAQAAIAAJ&dq=Palais+et+demeures+de+F%C3%A8s&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=glaoui |title=Palais et demeures de Fès III: Époque alawite (XIXe-XXe siècles) |last2=Golvin |first2=Lucien |last3=Amahan |first3=Ali |publisher=Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique |year=1992 |isbn=978-2-222-04698-1 |pages=28 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Porch |first=Douglas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R2N3JzfsfHkC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=dar+glaoui+regnault&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title=The Conquest of Morocco: A History |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-4299-9885-7 |pages=240 |language=en}}</ref> After Morocco regained its independence in 1956, Thami El Glaoui was stripped of his status by [[Mohammed V of Morocco|King Mohammed V]] and the Glaoui palaces fell into neglect.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000|title=Castles in the sand|journal=Geographical|volume=72|issue=6|pages=38}}</ref> The Dar Glaoui today is still privately owned but partly dilapidated.<ref name=":1" />

Revision as of 21:20, 12 February 2023

For the palace in Telouet, see Telouet Kasbah. For the palace in Marrakesh, see Dar el Bacha.
The main courtyard of the Dar Glaoui (photo from 1916)

Dar Glaoui or Glaoui Palace (sometimes called by its French name, Palais Glaoui)[1][2] is a late 19th-century and early 20th-century palace in Fez, Morocco. It was originally constructed and owned by Thami El Glaoui, the pasha of Marrakesh at the time, and is located in the southwestern district of Fes el-Bali.

History

One of the richly-decorated salons (photo from 1916)

The Glaoui family was one of the most powerful political clans in Morocco in the later 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century, having risen to prominent positions of power under Muhammad IV and subsequent sultans. The same family had also constructed a lavish kasbah and fortified residence in Telouet, in the High Atlas, starting in 1860.[3] Towards the end of 19th century Thami el Glaoui became one of the most powerful members of the family, even remaining the strongman of southern Morocco under French Protectorate rule in the 20th century.[4][3] It was Thami, towards the end of the 19th century, who built the family palace in Fez, and who also began construction of another vast residence in Marrakesh (known today as the Dar el Bacha).[3][a] The palace in Fes was located in the al-'Uyun ("the Sources") neighbourhood, also known today as the Ziat or Ziyat neighbourhood, which until the 19th century was a garden district with relatively plenty of open space to build, thus attracting the construction of several new mansions by wealthy families such as the Dar Moqri and the Dar al-Tazi.[6][7] The Dar Glaoui in Fez was also the first building in Morocco to have electricity and heating.[3][additional citation(s) needed]

When the French occupied Morocco in 1912, the palace served temporarily as the residence of the French ambassador Eugène Regnault [fr].[8][9] After Morocco regained its independence in 1956, Thami El Glaoui was stripped of his status by King Mohammed V and the Glaoui palaces fell into neglect.[10] The Dar Glaoui today is still privately owned but partly dilapidated.[1]

Architecture

The mansion was a palatial complex with as many as twelve houses and numerous annexes and facilities including hammams, Qur'anic schools, stables, a cemetery, and large gardens.[3] The largest section of the complex was centered around a large interior patio or courtyard with a central rectangular pool with a central fountain, flanked by two other fountains rising from smaller water basins. Its decoration reflected the wealth of the Glaoui family and featured the best of Moroccan craftsmanship at the time, such as zellij tiling, painted wood, and carved stucco.[1]

Notes

  1. ^ According to Salah Stétié, the Dar Glaoui in Fez was originally a palace built by Haj Omar Tazi, the finance minister of Sultan Abdelaziz, before it was acquired by Thami el Glaoui.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Palais Glaoui | Fez, Morocco Attractions". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  2. ^ "Dar Glaoui Palace". Archnet. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  3. ^ a b c d e Cavender, Amel (2017). Migrants and Fassi Merchants: Urban Changes in Morocco, 1830-1912. Purdue University, Department of History (PhD thesis). pp. 99–100.
  4. ^ Maxwell, Gavin (1966). Lords of the Atlas : Morocco and the Rise & Fall of the House of Glaoua 1893–1956. London: Cassell. ISBN 0304354198.
  5. ^ Stétié, Salah (2011). Les trois Médinas: Tunis Alger Fès (in French). Imprimerie nationale. p. 271. ISBN 978-2-7427-9875-9.
  6. ^ Le Tourneau, Roger (1949). Fès avant le protectorat: étude économique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman. Casablanca: Société Marocaine de Librairie et d'Édition.
  7. ^ Cavender, Amel (2017). Migrants and Fassi Merchants: Urban Changes in Morocco, 1830-1912. Purdue University, Department of History (PhD thesis).
  8. ^ Revault, Jacques; Golvin, Lucien; Amahan, Ali (1992). Palais et demeures de Fès III: Époque alawite (XIXe-XXe siècles) (in French). Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique. p. 28. ISBN 978-2-222-04698-1.
  9. ^ Porch, Douglas (2005). The Conquest of Morocco: A History. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 240. ISBN 978-1-4299-9885-7.
  10. ^ "Castles in the sand". Geographical. 72 (6): 38. 2000.

External links

34°03′33.1″N 4°58′37.7″W / 34.059194°N 4.977139°W / 34.059194; -4.977139

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