Revision as of 16:10, 19 June 2023

Historical Context

Books

Les procès de sodomie aux XVIe, XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles by Fernand Fleuret
Gay New York by George Chauncey
Hidden from history : reclaiming the gay and lesbian past by George Chauncey
Passion and power: sexuality in history

To sort through:

Primary Sources

wikisource:de:Karl Heinrich Ulrichs
Das Gemeinschädliche des § 143 des preussischen Strafgesetzbuches & Paragraph 143 by Karl-Maria (Károly Mária) Kertbeny
Online-Bibliographie zur Homosexualität (from 1418)
Frederick the Great's 1746 order suspending the death penalty for sodomy (in German and Google Translate English)

External Links

ExecutedToday.com » Homosexuals

Pre-Stonewallish Queer Culture

Rictor Norton knows what's up

Slang, Euphemism, and Other Terminology

Category:LGBT_linguistics
Against Nature or Crimes against nature
Friend of Dorothy
He never married (/"confirmed bachelor"; also "not the marrying kind", "he valued his privacy"; and "longtime companion" meaning partner)
The love that dare not speak its name
Polari
Uranian

External Links

Vocabulaire de l'homosexualité masculine: French gay slang from ~1450-2000
- non-conformité [1], antiphysique
Green's Dictionary of Slang

Symbolism and Iconography

LGBT symbols - specifically lavender, calamus, green carnations, violets; hyacinths, narcissus, orchids (not an exclusively gay symbol), pansies (primarily a slur)
- possible others: begonia, buttercup, cypress, daisy, delphinium, lilac, lily, mandrake, mint/minty [2][3]
- Nautical star tattoo
Classical figures: Alcibiades, Antinous, Damon and Pythias, Ganymede, Hyacinthus, Hephaestion, Narcissus, Patroclus, Sacred Band of Thebes; other such classical mythological figures were less common
- Karl Heinrich Ulrichs coined the terms Uranian/Urning based on Aphrodite Urania (not to be confused with the muse of astronomy) in the mid-19th century. Aphrodite Urania's mainstream symbolism prior to Ulrichs's work was of "celestial" or "non-earthly" love, and had been approximated to homosexual love by Pausanias in Plato's Symposium. But I am curious how the concept may have developed or even just been referenced between Plato and Ulrichs.^[a] There's also a possible link of "non-earthly" love being reclaimed as a more positive variant of "unnatural".
  - "Der Gott Uranus und der Uranismus"
Classical works: Plato's Symposium
Judeo-Christian figures: David and Jonathan, Jesus and John the Apostle, Ruth and Naomi, St. Sebastian
"Have you heard the rumors about Marie Antoinette?" (mostly in the early 20th century)
Gay literature#Overview and history
- Queer (or perceived as queer) authors: Hafez, Sappho,^[b] Walt Whitman, Oscar Wilde
- Literary figures^[c]: Shakespeare's "Fair Youth"

Broadly speaking, any person known to be or perceived as queer would continued to be a queer cultural touchstone thereafter (e.g. Frederick the Great and "Potsdamists")

^ My suspicions are related in part (but not completely) to Frederick the Great's gayngstiest poem, even though that's almost certainly about the muse, but if nothing else I wonder if it could have influenced Ulrichs.
^ "Lesbian" and "sapphic" were popularized as terms for female homosexuality in the late 19th century
^ Queerness was also often imputed to/assumed about their authors

Misdirection

Convenient Ambiguity

Books

Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers by Lillian Faderman

Locales

Renaissance: Florence, Italy (cf. the German word "Florenzer" as Renaissance-era slang meaning gay men)
18th century: Molly house
19th century: Any place under the Napoleonic codes (usually France or Italy),
- In Britain: London - Cleveland Street, Jermyn Street (due to a Turkish bath raid), Vere Street

Historical Mainstream Perceptions

Description de l'isle des hermaphrodites, 1724 satire of France's Henri III
The Homosexual Society (UK, 1962)
"The public representation of homosexual men in seventeenth-century England – a corpus based view"

Historiography of Queer Identities

History of homosexuality#Historiographic considerations
Homosexuality in ancient Greece#Scholarship and controversy
"Greek love" (also "Socratic love") coined/formalized by German classicists circa 1750.

Books, Articles, etc.

Homosexuality: A Philosophical Inquiry by Michael Ruse
"Homosexuality" in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
"Queer Anthropology" in the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology
Homosexuality, which homosexuality?, essays from the International Conference on Gay and Lesbian Studies 1987
Making Sexual History by Jeffrey Weeks

To sort through:

Open Library list of Historiography > Homosexuality

Internal Debate

Constructionist

Sexual orientation#Social constructionism
The History of Sex by Michel Foucault
How to Do the History of Homosexuality by David M. Halperin
- Review and criticism by Thomas K. Hubbard

Essentialist

Trans Identities

Manion, Jen , "Language, Acts, and Identity in LGBT History" , in The Routledge History of Queer America ed. Don Romesburg (Abingdon: Routledge, 28 Mar 2018)

Issues among mainstream historians

Western-centrism and non-Western queer identities

Sundry sources of related interest

Early (1830) historical denialism (p. 306-313)
- Also cites "Sisimondi, Republiques Italiennes, tome III. p. 182" and "Knight on the Symbolical Language of Ancient Mythology, § 86" ; Acknowledgement that the Athenians were all about the superiority of erastes/eromenos relationships, citing Aristotle's Politics II.7.5.

Uncategorized sources

[1] My suspicions are related in part (but not completely) to Frederick the Great's gayngstiest poem, even though that's almost certainly about the muse, but if nothing else I wonder if it could have influenced Ulrichs.

[2] "Lesbian" and "sapphic" were popularized as terms for female homosexuality in the late 19th century

[3] Queerness was also often imputed to/assumed about their authors

[a]

[b]

[c]

@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 == Symbolism and Iconography ==
-* [[LGBT symbols]] - specifically [[Acorus calamus|calamus]], green carnations, violets; [[Hyacinth (plant)|hyacinths]], [[Narcissus (plant)|narcissus]], orchids (not an exclusively gay symbol), pansies (primarily a slur)
+* [[LGBT symbols]] - specifically [[lavender]], [[Acorus calamus|calamus]], green carnations, violets; [[Hyacinth (plant)|hyacinths]], [[Narcissus (plant)|narcissus]], orchids (not an exclusively gay symbol), pansies (primarily a slur)
 ** possible others: [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/lcwn5wi begonia], [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/gcibz2y#suvvnny buttercup], [[Cyparissus|cypress]], [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/deq7dcq#sn10 daisy], [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/uumobqy delphinium], [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/3advb2q lilac], [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/6v54joa#sn4 lily], [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/5xgnyxi#sn3 mandrake], [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/ti5maei mint]/minty [https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/vwwusky][https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/xhzuiii]
 ** [[Nautical star#Tattoo culture|Nautical star tattoo]]