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!Significance
!Significance
!Ref.
!Ref.
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|-
|Depot
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|Düsseldorf
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|
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|Gay Cruising & Fetish Club Schirmerstr. 61
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Depot – Gay Cruising & Fetish Club |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/depot-gay-cruising-fetish-club/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
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|Cook Munich
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|Munich
|{{Flag|Germany}}
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|Cook. Western Levi Leather, Augsburgerstrasse 21
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cook Munich 2004 – Cook. Western Levi Leather |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/cook-munich-2004-cook-western-levi-leather/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
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|Chains Köln
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|Cologne
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|1990
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|Stephanstraße 4
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chains Köln 2001 – Chains 2001 |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/chains-koeln-2001-chains-2001/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
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|Wildsau
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|Zürich
|{{Flag|Switzerland}}
|
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|Wildsau Zürich – Die spannendste Fetisch-Bar Zürichs Zähringerstraße 11
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wildsau Zürich – Die spannendste Fetisch-Bar Zürichs |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/wildsau-zuerich-die-spannendste-fetisch-bar-zuerichs/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
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|The Boots
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|Antwerp
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
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|The Stud
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|Munich
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|
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|Leather Levis Uniform Club, Thalkirchener Straße 2
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Stud – Leather Levis Uniform Club |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/the-stud-leather-levis-uniform-club/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
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|Stiefelknecht
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|Vienna
|{{Flag|Austria}}
|
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|Wimmergasse 20
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stiefelknecht – Leather |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/stiefelknecht-leather/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
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|Spike
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|Munich
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|
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|Gay Bar And Smokers Club, Holzstraße 14
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spike München – Gay Bar And Smokers Club |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/spike-muenchen-gay-bar-and-smokers-club/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
|-
|New Action
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|Berlin
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|1991
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|Kleiststr. 35
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Action Berlin 2006 – 14.05.06: 15 Jahre New Action |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/new-action-berlin-2006-14-05-06-15-jahre-new-action/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
|-
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|Chicago Eagle
|Chicago Eagle
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|Eagle
|Eagle Munich
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|Munich
|Munich
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|Buttermelcherstraße 2a
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|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eagle Munich – Eagle Munich |url=https://archiv.forummuenchen.org/objekt/eagle-munich-eagle-munich/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=archiv.forummuenchen.org}}</ref>
⚫
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|Tom's Bar
|Tom's Bar

Revision as of 23:02, 6 July 2024

Leather bars and clubs played a key role in the development of the gay leather scene, providing a gathering space for the community and a point of entry into the scene for newcomers, as well as turning leather into a consumable aesthetic and identity, often enforced by dress codes. They are considered the first distinct subgenre of gay bars, and with their characteristic visuals are often depicted as gay bars' most iconic form. Designated leather bars started appearing between the 1950s and 1960s in major cities of the U.S., exploding in popularity in the 1970s.[1] Usually, leather bars were found in industrial and working-class city neighborhoods, like South of Market in San Francisco, the Manhattan Meatpacking District and the Munich Glockenbachviertel.[2]

After the outbrake of HIV in the U.S. a nationwide political campaign to close sex clubs, bathhouses and similar establishments was successfully implemented, and within a few years many institutions that had played a central role within the community were shut down. The forced closing of bathhouses and increased regulation of leather bars sped up the ongoing gentrification in big cities, that already threatened their existence, so that the leather districts shrank rapidly after the explosive expansion of the 1970s.

1990s: Advent of the internet

2020s: many closings due to covid, prevalence of events instead of bars

Name Image City Country Year opened Year closed Significance Ref.
Depot Düsseldorf  Germany Gay Cruising & Fetish Club Schirmerstr. 61 [3]
Cook Munich Munich  Germany Cook. Western Levi Leather, Augsburgerstrasse 21 [4]
Chains Köln Cologne  Germany 1990 Stephanstraße 4 [5]
Wildsau Zürich   Switzerland Wildsau Zürich – Die spannendste Fetisch-Bar Zürichs Zähringerstraße 11 [6]
The Boots Antwerp  Belgium
The Stud Munich  Germany Leather Levis Uniform Club, Thalkirchener Straße 2 [7]
Stiefelknecht Vienna  Austria Wimmergasse 20 [8]
Spike Munich  Germany Gay Bar And Smokers Club, Holzstraße 14 [9]
New Action Berlin  Germany 1991 Kleiststr. 35 [10]
Chicago Eagle Chicago  United States Owned by Chuck Renslow.
The Gauntlet Los Angeles  United States
The Gauntlet 2 Los Angeles  United States
Eagle Munich Munich  Germany Buttermelcherstraße 2a [11]
Tom's Bar
Berlin  Germany 1982
Le Stud
Montreal  Canada 1996
Cuff Complex
Seattle  United States 1993
The Anvil
Chelsea, Manhattan, New York City  United States 1974 1985
Tool Box South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1962 1971 First leather bar in South of Market, murals by Chuck Arnett. Featured in "Homosexuality in America", an article published by Life magazine 1964. [12]
Gold Coast Chicago  United States 1960 1988 First designated leather bar in Chicago, owned by leatherman Chuck Renslow, murals by Dom Orejudos (Etienne). Sponsor of the "Mr. Gold Coast" pageant (1972-78), which in 1979 developed into International Mr. Leather. [13]
Shaw's New York City  United States c. 1953 c. 1964 First "leather friendly bar" in New York City [14]
Big Dollar New York City  United States c. 1959 c. 1964 Early dedicated leather bar in New York City [14]
Lodge New York City  United States c. 1954 c. 1964 First leather bar in New York City that imposed a dress code. [14]
Why Not San Francisco  United States 1961 1961 First leather bar in San Francisco, managed by leatherman Tony Tavarossi, closed after a vice squad arrest. [14]
Eagle's Nest (later: the Eagle) New York City  United States 1970 Owned by leatherman Bob Milne, became the model for numerous "Eagle" bars. [14]
Fe-Be's Folsom Street, South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1966 1986 Most influencal leather bar in San Francisco in the second half of the 60s, part of the "Miracle Mile" on Folsom Street, also housed the shop A Taste of Leather.
Loreley Hamburg  Germany 1969 Probably the first leather bar in Germany. [15]
Ochsengarten Munich  Germany 1969 First leather bar in Bavaria and one of the first leather bars in Germany. [16][15]
The Anvil New York City  United States 1974 1985 Gay BDSM after-hours sex club [17]
The Backstreet East End, London  United Kingdom 1985 2022 London's longest running, and last remaining leather bar. [18]
Coleherne Arms 1866 Earl's Court, London  United Kingdom 1866 2008 Internationally known leather club in the 1970s and 1980s, nicknamed 'The Cloneherne'. [19]
Mineshaft Manhattan, New York City  United States 1976 1985 Members-only BDSM leather bar and sex club for gay men. Predecessor leather bars in the same building since 1968. [20][21]
Ramrod Folsom Street, South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1968 ? Part of the "Miracle Mile" on Folsom Street [14]
San Francisco Eagle (also SF Eagle; formerly Eagle Tavern) South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1981 San Francisco Designated Landmark designated in 2021. [22]
Seattle Eagle (formerly J&L Saloon) Seattle  United States c. 1982 First leather bar in Seattle. [23]
Ramrod Greenwich Village, Manhattan, New York City  United States 1973 1980 The bar was shuttered and never reopened after an act of anti-gay gun violence in 1980. [24]
The Stud San Francisco  United States 1966 Originally part of the "Miracle Mile" on Folsom Street, owned by George Matson and Alexis Muir (Muir was a transgender woman then known as Richard Conroy). [25]
Catacombs San Francisco  United States 1975 1984 Gay underground sex club, mostly known for fisting. [26]
Toms Saloon Hamburg  Germany 1974 Murals by Tom of Finland [27]
Albuquerque Eagle Albuquerque  United States 2018 – [28]
Atlanta Eagle Atlanta  United States 1985-87, 2022 2020 Subjected to the Atlanta Eagle police raid in 2009, named a historic landmark by the City of Atlanta as the first recognized and protected LGBTQ landmark in the Deep South. [29][30][31]
Baltimore Eagle Baltimore  United States 1991 – [32]
Black Eagle Montreal  Canada – – [33]
The Detroit Eagle Detroit  United States 1973 – [34]
Black Eagle Toronto  Canada 1994 – [35]
Chicago Eagle Chicago  United States c. 1987 c. 1993 [36]
DC Eagle Washington, D.C.  United States 1971 2020 [37]
The Eagle Pittsburgh  United States 1994 2012 [38]
The Eagle Manchester  United Kingdom 2008 – [39]
Denver Eagle Grey stucco exterior with a red door. Black eagle shaped sign reads "Denver Eagle" Denver  United States 2022 - [40]
Eagle Amsterdam [nl] Amsterdam  Netherlands 1979 – [41]
EAGLE MPLS Minneapolis  United States 1998 – [42]
Eagle Houston Houston  United States 2014 – [43]
Eagle LA Los Angeles  United States 2006 – [44]
Eagle London London  United Kingdom 2004 – [45]
Eagle NYC New York City  United States 1970 – [46]
Eagle Portland Portland, Oregon  United States – – [47]
Eagle Stuttgart Stuttgart  Germany 1989 – [48]
Eagle Tokyo Tokyo  Japan 2016 – [49]
Eagle Vienna Vienna  Austria – – [50]
Eagle Wilton Manors Wilton Manors  United States – – [51]
Milwaukee Eagle Milwaukee  United States 1997 2001 [52]
The Phoenix/Eagle New Orleans  United States 1983 – [53]
San Francisco Eagle San Francisco  United States 1981 – [54]
Seattle Eagle Seattle  United States 1980 – [55]
Dallas Eagle Dallas  United States 2000 - (closed 2021; reopened 2023) [56][57]
Austin Eagle Austin  United States 2023 [58][59]
San Diego Eagle San Diego  United States [60]
Eagle Sao Paulo São Paulo  Brazil - - [61]
Eagle Seoul Seoul  South Korea - - [62]
Providence Eagle Providence  United States - - [63][64]

References

  1. ^ Hilderbrand, Lucas (2023). The bars are ours: histories and cultures of gay bars in America, 1960 and after. Durham: Duke University Press. pp. 37–39. ISBN 978-1-4780-2728-7.
  2. ^ Rubin, Gayle (2005). "Sites, settlements, and urban sex: archaeology and the study of gay leathermen in San Francisco, 1955-1995". In Schmidt, Robert A.; Voss, Barbara L. (eds.). Archaeologies of Sexuality. Routledge. pp. 62–88.
  3. ^ "Depot – Gay Cruising & Fetish Club". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  4. ^ "Cook Munich 2004 – Cook. Western Levi Leather". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  5. ^ "Chains Köln 2001 – Chains 2001". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  6. ^ "Wildsau Zürich – Die spannendste Fetisch-Bar Zürichs". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  7. ^ "The Stud – Leather Levis Uniform Club". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  8. ^ "Stiefelknecht – Leather". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  9. ^ "Spike München – Gay Bar And Smokers Club". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  10. ^ "New Action Berlin 2006 – 14.05.06: 15 Jahre New Action". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  11. ^ "Eagle Munich – Eagle Munich". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rubin1998 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference :17 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ a b c d e f Bienvenu, Robert (1998). "Development of the Gay Leather style". The Development of Sadomasochism as a Cultural Style in the Twentieth-Century United States. Dissertation. pp. 220–273.
  15. ^ a b Tetzner, Thomas (2024). Spielen am Rand. 60 Jahre Leben in der schwulen Leder- und Fetisch-Szene [Playing on the edge. 60 years of life in the gay leather and fetish scene] (in German) (1st ed.). Querverlag. ISBN 978-3896563453.
  16. ^ "Die Münchner LGBTIQ*-Chronik". forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  17. ^ Miller, Neil (2006). Out of the past: gay & lesbian history from 1869 to the present (Rev. & updated, 1. Alyson Books ed.). New York: Alyson Books. ISBN 978-1-55583-870-6.
  18. ^ Siddons, Edward (2018-10-04). "Why is the gay leather scene dying?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  19. ^ "gingerman1963". gingerman1963. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  20. ^ Moore, Patrick (2004). Beyond shame: reclaiming the abandoned history of radical gay sexuality. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press. ISBN 978-0-8070-7956-0.
  21. ^ "Mineshaft – NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project". www.nyclgbtsites.org. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  22. ^ Barmann, Jay (2021-10-06). "SF Eagle in SOMA gets City Landmark Status". Hoodline San Francisco.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  23. ^ "Randy Henson's Brief History of The Seattle Eagle: Daring To Be Different For 35 Years – Seattle Gay Scene". Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  24. ^ "Ramrod – NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project". www.nyclgbtsites.org. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  25. ^ Flanagan, Michael (2024-04-23). "The Stud's return: historic bar's triumphant third time's a charm". Bay Area Reporter.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ^ Cite error: The named reference occupytampa.org was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  27. ^ "Tom of Finland". Toms Saloon Hamburg. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  28. ^ Skroch, Michael (August 7, 2018). "ABQ Eagle at Sidewinders Bar and Grill". Archived from the original on August 7, 2018. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
  29. ^ Towle, Andy (December 19, 2020). "Atlanta Eagle Gay Bar to Be Designated Historic Landmark, Saving it from Demolition". Towleroad. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  30. ^ Spivak, Caleb (October 11, 2020). "Longstanding Gay Bar Atlanta Eagle To Close In November, Plans To Reopen Elsewhere in 2021". What Now Atlanta. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  31. ^ Cheves, Alexander (2020-12-21). "COVID Won't Stop Atlanta's Most Iconic Leather Bar From Queering the South". Them. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  32. ^ Kaltenbach, Chris (October 1, 2019). "After closing three times, Baltimore Eagle reopens this month under its '90s-era founders". Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  33. ^ Forster, Tim (27 January 2017). "Montreal's Best LGBTQ Bars and Hangouts". Eater Montreal. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
  34. ^ Baldas, Tresa. "Photographer sues iconic Detroit gay bar over steamy photo used to promote military night". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on 2023-03-24. Retrieved 2023-05-15.
  35. ^ Costa, Daniela (April 3, 2013). "The changing face of Toronto's Village". Xtra Magazine. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  36. ^ "After 44 years, Man's Country bathhouse closing with party - North". digitaledition.chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
  37. ^ Chibbaro Jr., Lou (May 5, 2020). "DC Eagle to close for good". Washington Blade. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  38. ^ Nelson Jones, Diana (April 20, 2015). "Three years after closing, the Eagle on North Side remains empty". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  39. ^ "Fetish nights in Gay Village get green light after row over sex in 'darkrooms'". 2 March 2020. Archived from the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  40. ^ Guggenheim, R (November 28, 2022). "Denver Eagle Facebook page". Denver Eagle Facebook. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  41. ^ Roggema, Paul (April 2, 2014). "Goed nieuws: Bear Pride groot succes". COC Nederland (in Dutch). Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  42. ^ Tarbox, Chris (August 29, 2019). "Oh, He's A Jolly Good Eagle". Lavender Magazine. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  43. ^ "About the Houston Eagle". Eagle Houston. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  44. ^ Scott, Henry (March 7, 2018). "Behind the Bar: An Interview with Eagle LA's Charlie Matula". Wehoville. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  45. ^ Cite error: The named reference London was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  46. ^ Cite error: The named reference NBCNews was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  47. ^ Cite error: The named reference Portland was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  48. ^ "Eagle Stuttgart" (in German). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  49. ^ "Eagle Tokyo". Time Out Tokyo. December 2017. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  50. ^ "Eagle Vienna". Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
  51. ^ "The Eagle Wilton Manors". Wilton Manors Eagle. Archived from the original on May 17, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
  52. ^ "Milwaukee Eagle / Shaft Club". History of Gay and Lesbian Life in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  53. ^ Wilkinson, Missy (June 19, 2019). "10 LGBTQ Bars to Check Out in New Orleans, the Most 'Anything Goes' City in America". Thrillist. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  54. ^ Barmann, Jay (January 29, 2021). "SF Eagle Bar Passes First Hurdle Toward Landmark Status". SFist. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  55. ^ Henson, Randy (June 27, 2015). "Randy Henson's Brief History of The Seattle Eagle: Daring To Be Different For 35 Years". Seattle Gay Scene. Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  56. ^ "The Dallas Eagle". Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  57. ^ Nash, Tammye (2023-10-06). "Rumors confirmed: New Dallas Eagle to open Oct. 13". Dallas Voice. Retrieved 2024-06-09.
  58. ^ "The Austin Eagle". The Austin Eagle. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  59. ^ Scott, James (2023-04-07). "Qmmunity: The Queer-ster Bunny". Austin Chronicle. Retrieved 2024-06-09.
  60. ^ "LGBTQ+ Friendly Bars, Clubs and Nightlife in San Diego". www.sandiego.org. San Diego Tourism Authority. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
  61. ^ "Facebook". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 2023-07-22. Retrieved 2023-02-11.
  62. ^ "Eagle Seoul 이글서울 : Most Kinky Nightlife in Itaewon". Gay Travel Seoul. 2023-02-08. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  63. ^ "Providence Eagle". providenceeagle.com. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  64. ^ "Providence Eagle on Instagram". www.instagram.com. Retrieved 2024-05-13.


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