New World

For other uses, see New World (disambiguation).

Frontispiece of Peter Martyr d'Anghiera's De orbe novo ("On the New World").

Carte d'Amérique, Guillaume Delisle, 1722.

The New World is one of the names used for the Americas. When the term originated in the late 15th century, the Americas were new to the Europeans, who previously thought of the world as consisting only of Europe, Asia, and Africa (collectively, the Old World). The term "New World" should not be confused with "modern world"; the latter generally refers to a historical period, not a landmass.

Christopher Columbus returned to Europe in 1493 from his first voyage to the Americas and on 1 November that year Peter Martyr d'Anghiera referred to Columbus in a letter as the discoverer of "the New World" (novi orbis). In another letter a year later he again referred to "the New World" (orbo novo). In 1516 Martyr published a work whose title began De orbe novo ("On the New World").

The term was also used by Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524 in a record of his voyage that year along the coast of what would later become the United States and Canada.

One might speak of the "New World" in a historical context, when discussing the voyages of Christopher Columbus, the Spanish conquest of Yucatán, etc. Second, in a biological context, one speaks of Old World and New World species.

Another interpretation of the term is that the "New World" is "new" in the context of all humanity, as humans have inhabited the Old World for a greater length of time than the Americas. From this perspective, it could be said that the first migrants to inhabit the Americas had reached the "New World".

The discovery of America was much more than a mere scientific process, and romance rather than cold speculations of medieval geography urged men to tempt the dim seas of the West in quest of golden islands seen in dreams.

— Lewis Spence, 1913

While America is always described as "New World", Australasia can be described as either "Old World" or "New World" depending on the sphere of discourse. In a biological context, Australasia is neither New World nor Old, as flora and fauna differ markedly from both those of Eurasia and of the Americas. Wine from Australia and New Zealand is referred to as 'New World' as it has only in recent decades successfully penetrated European markets, overtaking French and Spanish wine in popularity (especially in the UK).

Long before Columbus, in Europe, many legends existed of Western continents across the sea. It is thought these may have stemmed from prehistoric intercourse with the New World. Examples include the Norse Great Ireland or Hvítramannaland ("White Men's Land"); the "abode of saints" visited by St. Brendan, Abbot of Cluainfert, documented in the Irish Book of Lismore; the Welsh Legend of Madoc; and of course Plato's Atlantis. See the article Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact for more details.

Native American World View

The Native Americans looking east (as opposed by the overwhelming literature of Facing West) saw the men in ships as being from a new world; their land being`the old world, in more than one sense.

Other Contemporary Names (1500-1616) for North America

• The Spanish called North America 'Florida', eventually the name became more focused on its present location.
• The English called North America`'Virginia', John Dee pushed to call it 'Atlantis' (inspired by Plato).
• The northern part of North America was often referred to as 'Norumbega'.
• The northern part of North America was called 'New England' in 1616 in John Smith's book of that year.
• Western North America was named 'Nova Albion by Francis Drake as he repaired his boat (Golden Hind) a few miles north of present day San Fransisco.

See also

• Western Hemisphere
• Eastern Hemisphere
• History of the west coast of North America
• New world order
• Codex canadiensis
• Colonialism
• Roanoke Island
• Australia
• Old World