Ayano-Maysky District: Difference between revisions
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*Official website of Khabarovsk Krai. [http://www.khabkrai.ru/about/ayno-maiskiy.html Information about Ayano-Maysky District] {{ru icon}} |
*Official website of Khabarovsk Krai. [http://www.khabkrai.ru/about/ayno-maiskiy.html Information about Ayano-Maysky District] {{ru icon}} |
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Revision as of 21:56, 29 April 2012
Ayano-Maysky District
Аяно-Майский район | |
|---|---|
.png) Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Ayano-Maysky District on the map of Khabarovsk Krai | |
| Coordinates: 55°29′0″N 135°0′0″E / 55.48333°N 135.00000°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Khabarovsk Krai[1] |
| Established | 10 December 1930 |
| Administrative center | Ayan[2] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 167,228.6 km2 (64,567.3 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 2,291 |
| • Estimate (2018)[5] | 1,942 (−15.2%) |
| • Density | 0.014/km2 (0.035/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+10 (MSK+7 [6]) |
| OKTMO ID | 08606000 |
Ayano-Maysky District (Russian: Ая́но-Ма́йский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Ayan.[2] District's population: 3,271 (2002 Census);[7] 4,802 (1989 Soviet census).[8] Population of Ayan accounts for 40.5% of the district's population.[7]
Geography
The district has two climatic zones: a sharply continental and a maritime continental. The villages of Aim, Dzhigda, and Nelkan are located in the former, and Ayan belongs to the latter. Areas along the coast receive much precipitation; have a frequent share of cloudy days, storm winds, and blizzards. Average winter temperatures range from −16 °C (3 °F) to −20 °C (−4 °F); average summer temperatures—from +18 °C (64 °F) to +20 °C (68 °F).
The impact of the Sea of Okhotsk on the coastal region is constant and as it moves west inland toward the Dzhugdzhur mountain range and becomes weaker the impact creates a climatic subzone, transforming the maritime climate into a sharply continental one. The ridge of the Dzhugdzhur Mountains demarcates the border between two climates.
A unique orographic feature of the region is the circular, crater-like Kondyor Massif.[9]
In the sharply continental zone, which gets very little precipitation and is humidity free, average winter and summer temperatures vary from −40 °C (−40 °F) to −45 °C (−49 °F) and from +26 °C (79 °F) to +30 °C (86 °F) respectively.
History
In the 17th century, shortly after the establishment of Yakutsk, the exploration of what is now Ayano-Maysky District pursued two goals. Yakutsk officials through eastward expansion sought to come up with new sources of tribute for the Tsar's treasury while at the same time trying to find a shorter, more convenient passage to the Okhotsk Sea, in order to continue to care for the needs of rich Russian colonies in the Far East and North America.
In 1639, a group of Russian explorers under the leadership of Ivan Moskvitin reached the Sea of Okhotsk for the first time through the territory of modern Ayano-Maysky District.
In the first half of the 19th century, the Russian-American Company became the first trading company in the region, with its merchant office located in the port of Okhotsk. In 1842, the Company decided to find a better, more advantageous spot for a seaport. Consequently, in 1845 the Russian American Company's merchant office was moved to Ayan.
Ayan's prosperity, however, was not to last. After the Alaska purchase, life was virtually brought to a standstill. By 1867, the Russian-American Company was no longer in business. Many local businessmen and professionals joined the exodus of merchants who had discontinued their operations in the area. A recently (1850s) built and much more conveniently located Nikolayevsk-na-Amure became Russia's new main port in the Sea of Okhotsk region.
In the Russian Civil War, the territory of modern Ayano-Maysky District was the scene of the anti-Soviet Yakut Revolt. It was the last enclave of the White Forces, where General Anatoly Pepelyayev did not capitulate until June 17, 1923.
By decree of the Soviet government, Ayano-Maysky District was officially formed on December 10, 1930 by combining the areas of Ayan and Nelkan. Ayan was assigned the role of being the administrative center. In the 1930s, the Soviet government began forming state and collective farms, opened local schools and hospitals, amateur musical clubs, and otherwise encouraged the Evenks to switch from their nomadic lifestyle to a settled way of life.
In 1936, the first local farmers' market was opened with hopes of bringing locals together. State farm workers and private small farm owners sold their meat, wild game, fish, berries, mushrooms, etc.
People who made the decision to make this region their temporary home received added governmental bonuses to their pay and an earlier retirement age: for men when they reached 55 and women at 50.
With the collapse of the Soviet system, however, some state farms and enterprises were disbanded and government subsidies discontinued, forcing many residents to move out of the settlements to bigger cities or other regions of Russia.
References
Notes
- ^ Resolution #143-pr, Article 3
- ^ a b Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 08 206», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 08 206, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ СССС: Административно-территориальное деление союзных республик на 1-е сентября 1938 года (in Russian), Moscow, 1938, p. 9, Wikidata Q111976777
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ a b Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Kondyor Massif, Russian Far East - NASA photos
Sources
- Правительство Хабаровского края. Постановление №143-пр от 18 июля 2007 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных и территориальных единиц Хабаровского края», в ред. Постановления №273-пр от 28 августа 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Постановление Правительства Хабаровского края от 18 июля 2007 г. №143-пр "Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных и территориальных единиц Хабаровского края"». Вступил в силу 13 августа 2007 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства Хабаровского края", №7(60), 12 августа 2007 г. (Government of Khabarovsk Krai. Resolution #143-pr of July 18, 2007 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Khabarovsk Krai, as amended by the Resolution #273-pr of August 28, 2015 On Amending the Resolution #143-pr of the Government of Khabarovsk Krai of July 18, 2007 "On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Khabarovsk Krai". Effective as of August 13, 2007.).
External links
- Official website of Khabarovsk Krai. Information about Ayano-Maysky District Template:Ru icon
57°30′N 136°00′E / 57.500°N 136.000°E
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