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There are still some authors who write in Gheg.
There are still some authors who write in Gheg.



Gheg does not have any official status as a written language in any country. Publications in Kosovo and Macedonia are in standard Albanian.
Gheg does not have any official status as a written language in any country. Publications in Kosovo and Macedonia are in standard Albanian.

Revision as of 12:26, 15 December 2012

"Geg" redirects here. For Spokane International Airport (IATA: GEG), see Spokane International Airport.
Gheg
RegionAlbania, Kosovo,[a] Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Turkey
Native speakers
4,200,000
Language codes
ISO 639-3aln
Linguasphereto 55-AAA-aag 55-AAA-aaa to 55-AAA-aag
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.
A map showing Gheg speakers in green

Gheg (or Geg) is one of the two major varieties of Albanian language. The other one is Tosk, on which standard Albanian is based. The dividing line between these two varieties is the Shkumbin River, which winds its way through central Albania.

Gheg is spoken in Northern Albania, Kosovo[a], northwestern Republic of Macedonia, southern Montenegro, Serbia, and Turkey[citation needed]. It is also spoken in parts of Sicily and southern Italy.[citation needed]

There are still some authors who write in Gheg.

Gheg does not have any official status as a written language in any country. Publications in Kosovo and Macedonia are in standard Albanian.


Dialects

Gheg has several dialects, notably:

Southern Gheg

Main article: Southern Gheg

Northern Gheg

Italian linguist Carlo Tagliavini puts the Gheg speech of Kosovo and Macedonia in "Eastern Geg".[2]

Phonology

Assimilations are common in Gheg, but are not part of the Albanian literary language which only follows Tosk Albanian.[3]

Vowels

Oral

IPA Written as
[ə] ë (nër)
[a] a (dash)
[ɑ] â (prâpë)
[ɒ] ä (knäqët)
[e] e (derë)
[ɛ] ê (mênôj)
[i] i (dritë)
[o] o (kos)
[u] u (kur)
[y] y (shykyr)
[ɔ] ô (dôrë)

Nasalized

IPA Written as
[ĩ] ĩ
[ɛ̃] ẽ
[ɑ̃] ã
[ɔ̃] õ (some dialects)
[ỹ] ỹ
[ũ] ũ (hũna)

Differences between varieties

Standard Toskësisht Gegënisht English
Shqipëri Shqipëri Shqypní / Shqipni Albania
një një nji / njâ one
nëntë nëntë nândë / nânt nine
është është âsht / â is
bëj bëj bâj I do
emër emër êmën name
pjekuri pjekuri pjekuni mellowness
gjendje gjëndje gjêndje / gjênje state, condition
zog zok zog bird
mbret mbret mret / regj king
për të punuar për të punuar me punue / me punu to work
rërë rërë rânë sand
qenë qënë kjênë / kênë to be
dëllinjë enjë bërshê juniper
baltë llum lloq mud
cimbidh mashë danë fire-iron
mundem mundem mûj / mûnem I can
vend vënd ven place
dhelpër dhelpër skile / dhelpën fox

See also

Annotations

  1. ^ a b Template:Kosovo-note

References

  1. ^ a b Hinrichs, Uwe; Buttner, Uwe (1999). Handbuch der Sudosteuropa-Linguistik. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 285. ISBN 978-3-447-03939-0. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  2. ^ Carlo Tagliavini (1942), Le parlate albanesi di tipo Ghego orientale: Dardania e Macedonia nord-occidentale,
  3. ^ Camaj 1984, p. 4

Sources

  • Martin Camaj (1984), Albanian grammar, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
  • Carlo Tagliavini (1942), Le parlate albanesi di tipo Ghego orientale: Dardania e Macedonia nord-occidentale,
Gheg Albanian test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
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