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Generalissimo (Italian), Generalísimo (Spanish), and Generalissimus are military ranks of the highest degree, superior to Field Marshal and other five-star ranks.^{[dubious – discuss]}

Usage

The word "generalissimo" is an Italian term, from generale, plus the superlative suffix -issimo, itself from Latin -issimus,^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] meaning "utmost, to the highest grade".

Historically this rank was given to a military officer leading an entire army or the entire armed forces of a nation, usually only subordinate to the sovereign. Other usage of the rank has been for the commander of the united armies of several allied powers.

List of Generalissimos

Person	Service	Country	Era	Notes
Chiang Kai-shek	National Revolutionary Army	Republic of China	1928	^[6] ^{[Note 1]}
Ferdinand Foch	French Army	France	1918	^[7] ^{[Note 2]}
Albrecht von Wallenstein	Army of the Habsburg Monarchy	Hapsburg	1625-1630, 1632-1634	^{[citation needed]}
Alexander Suvorov	Imperial Russian Army	Russian Empire	1799	^{[citation needed]}
Francisco de Miranda	Venezuelan Army	Venezuela	1812	^{[citation needed]}
Emilio Aguinaldo	Philippine Army	Philippines	1899
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla	Revolutionary Army of Mexico	Mexico	1810 September - 1811 February	^[8]
Francisco Franco	Spanish Armed Forces	Spain	1936	^[9]
Máximo Gómez	Republic of Cuba Army	Cuba	1895	^{[citation needed]}
Ihsan Nuri	Turkish National Forces	Turkey	1930 c.	^[10]
Crown Prince Charles John	Royal Swedish Army	Sweden	1810-1818	^[11]
Joseph Stalin	Soviet Armed Forces	Soviet Union	1945	^[12]
Kim Il-sung	Korean People's Army	North Korea	1992	^[13]
Kim Jong-Il	Korean People's Army	North Korea	2012	^[14]
Rafael Trujillo	Dominican Army	Dominican Republic	1930	^[15]
Sun Yat-sen		Republic of China	1917-1918, 1922	Technically as Grand Marshal^[16] (source does not support this)
Antonio López de Santa Anna	Mexican Army	Mexico	1846-1855	^[17]
Muhammad Iqbal Shedai	Battaglione Azad Hindoustan	Italy	1942	^[18]

In popular culture

"Generalissimo Francisco Franco is still dead" was an oft repeated catch phrase from the newscast hosted by Chevy Chase on NBC's Saturday Night the first season title of what became Saturday Night Live

Notes

^ Chiang Kai-shek was General Special Class of the Republic of China, cf. 特級上將授任條例
^ Généralissime was the title used to describe Ferdinand Foch's Allied Command, starting 26 March 1918. He actually held the rank of général de division, and later the dignity of Marshal of France.

References

^ Webster's Third New International Dictionary. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help), French Larousse Étymologique.
^ "Online Etymology Dictionary". Online Etymology Dictionary.
^ "Define Generalissimo at Dictionary.com". Reference.com.
^ "Generalissimo - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-Webster.
^ "Definition of generalissimo - Oxford Dictionaries (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionary of English.
^ Jay Taylor:The Generalisimo:Chiang Kai-shek and the struggle for modern China (2009) Harvard Press
^ John McGroarty :The Gray Man of Christ: Generalissimo Foch (1919) Los Angeles, Walter A Abbott
^ [1],Documentos Historicos de Mexico, 24 Oct 1810
^ Cover, TIME magazine, 18 Oct 1943
^ Bletch Chirguh, La Question Kurde: ses origines et ses causes, Le Caire, Impimerie Paul Barbey, 1930, front cover, IHSAN NOURI PACHA Généralissime des forces nationales Kurdes Template:Fr icon
^ Template:Sv icon Ancienneté och Rang-Rulla öfver Krigsmagten år 1813
^ Joseph Stalin was appointed Generalissimus of the Soviet Union. See: Ivan Aleksandrovich Venediktov, Selskokhozyaystvennaya yentsiklopediya, Vol. 4, Gos. izd-vo selkhoz, 1956, p. 584. Template:Ru icon
^ The Daily Yomuiri, 29 September 2010, Kim Jong Un spotlighted / 'Heir apparent' promoted to general, makes DPRK media debut
^ The Australian, 15 February 2012, Late Kim Jong-il awarded highest honour by North
^ Stanley Walker : Generalissimo Rafael L. Trujillo (1955) Caribbean Library
^ Linda Pomerantz-Zhang (1992). Wu Tingfang (1842-1922): reform and modernization in modern Chinese history. Hong Kong University Press. p. 255. ISBN 962209287X. Retrieved 2010-10-31.
^ Stephen L. Hardin, Angus McBride : The Alamo 1836 (2001) Osprey . pp24, 100
^ [2] Subhas Chandra Bose: A Biography; By Marshall J. Getz, page 69 ;McFarland, 2002

[7] Chiang Kai-shek was General Special Class of the Republic of China, cf. 特級上將授任條例

[9] Généralissime was the title used to describe Ferdinand Foch's Allied Command, starting 26 March 1918. He actually held the rank of général de division, and later the dignity of Marshal of France.

[1] Webster's Third New International Dictionary. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help), French Larousse Étymologique.

[2] "Online Etymology Dictionary". Online Etymology Dictionary.

[3] "Define Generalissimo at Dictionary.com". Reference.com.

[4] "Generalissimo - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-Webster.

[5] "Definition of generalissimo - Oxford Dictionaries (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionary of English.

[6] Jay Taylor:The Generalisimo:Chiang Kai-shek and the struggle for modern China (2009) Harvard Press

[8] John McGroarty :The Gray Man of Christ: Generalissimo Foch (1919) Los Angeles, Walter A Abbott

[10] [1],Documentos Historicos de Mexico, 24 Oct 1810

[11] Cover, TIME magazine, 18 Oct 1943

[12] Bletch Chirguh, La Question Kurde: ses origines et ses causes, Le Caire, Impimerie Paul Barbey, 1930, front cover, IHSAN NOURI PACHA Généralissime des forces nationales Kurdes Template:Fr icon

[13] Template:Sv icon Ancienneté och Rang-Rulla öfver Krigsmagten år 1813

[14] Joseph Stalin was appointed Generalissimus of the Soviet Union. See: Ivan Aleksandrovich Venediktov, Selskokhozyaystvennaya yentsiklopediya, Vol. 4, Gos. izd-vo selkhoz, 1956, p. 584. Template:Ru icon

[yomuiri-15] The Daily Yomuiri, 29 September 2010, Kim Jong Un spotlighted / 'Heir apparent' promoted to general, makes DPRK media debut

[16] The Australian, 15 February 2012, Late Kim Jong-il awarded highest honour by North

[17] Stanley Walker : Generalissimo Rafael L. Trujillo (1955) Caribbean Library

[18] Linda Pomerantz-Zhang (1992). Wu Tingfang (1842-1922): reform and modernization in modern Chinese history. Hong Kong University Press. p. 255. ISBN 962209287X. Retrieved 2010-10-31.

[19] Stephen L. Hardin, Angus McBride : The Alamo 1836 (2001) Osprey . pp24, 100

[20] [2] Subhas Chandra Bose: A Biography; By Marshall J. Getz, page 69 ;McFarland, 2002

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[Note 1]

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[Note 2]

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@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ==Usage==
- [[File:Julio Hardy. 1871-1974.jpg|mini|hochkant|Generalissimo Julio Hardy]]
 The word "generalissimo" is an [[Italian language|Italian]] term, from ''[[wikt:generale#Italian|generale]]'', plus the [[superlative]] suffix ''[[wikt:-issimo#Italian|-issimo]]'', itself from [[Latin]] ''[[wikt:-issimus#Latin|-issimus]]'',<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia= [[Webster's Dictionary#Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)|Webster's Third New International Dictionary]]}}, French ''[[Éditions Larousse|Larousse]] Étymologique''.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=generalissimo |title=Online Etymology Dictionary |publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/generalissimo |title=Define Generalissimo at Dictionary.com |publisher=[[Reference.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generalissimo |title=Generalissimo - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/generalissimo |title=Definition of generalissimo - Oxford Dictionaries (British & World English) |publisher=[[Oxford Dictionary of English]]}}</ref> meaning "utmost, to the highest grade".
 Historically this rank was given to a military officer leading an entire army or the entire armed forces of a nation, usually only subordinate to the [[sovereign]]. Other usage of the rank has been for the commander of the united armies of several allied powers.
+==List of Generalissimos==
---[[Special:Contributions/92.106.46.58|92.106.46.58]] ([[User talk:92.106.46.58|talk]]) 05:22, 25 October 2013 (UTC)==List of Generalissimos==
 {{main category|Generalissimos}}
 [[File:Chiang Kai-shek Colour.jpg|thumb|[[Chiang Kai-shek]]]]
@@ Line 59: / Line 58: @@
 |-
 | [[Muhammad Iqbal Shedai]] || [[Battaglione Azad Hindoustan]] || [[Italy]] ||1942||<ref>[http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=HdldV4Icum4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false] Subhas Chandra Bose: A Biography; By Marshall J. Getz, page 69 ;McFarland, 2002</ref>
-|-
-| {{sortname|Julio |Hardy}} || [[Czechoslovak People's Army]] ||[[Czechoslovakia]]||1953-1974|| '' Generalissimo of the  Czechoslovak People's Army''<ref> Generalissimo of the  Czechoslovak People's Army[http://www.History of Cechoslowakia ], SVP magazine, 18 Oct 1953-1974</ref>
 |}

v t e Star officer grades
General officer Flag officer Air officer
By star ranks	Six-star rank (proposed) Five-star rank Four-star rank Three-star rank Two-star rank One-star rank
By titles	Generalissimo Generalissimo of the Soviet Union Supreme Allied Commander Admiral of the Navy General of the Armies Generalfeldmarschall Field marshal Mareşal Marshal of the air force Marshal of the Russian Federation Marshal of the Soviet Union Mushir/Müşir Caudillo Magister militum Spāhbed Ispahsalar Beylerbey Constable of France Grand Domestic Dux bellorum Grand marshal Hetman Jenderal besar Reichsmarschall Sardar Serasker Strategos autokrator First marshal of the empire Dai-gensui Taewonsu Wonsu Yuan shuai / Da yuan shuai Field Marshal / Marshal of Yugoslavia Marshal