Cardiomegaly

Cardiomegaly
Specialty	Cardiology

Cardiomegaly is a medical condition wherein the heart is enlarged.

Classification

Dilation or hypertrophy

Cardiac dilation is where mainly one or more cardiac chambers is enlarged, while cardiac hypertrophy is where mainly cardiac muscle is enlarged.

• Cardiac dilation may result in dilated cardiomyopathy
• Cardiac hypertrophy generally refers to ventricular hypertrophy, such as either:
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)
  • Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH)

By location

• Ventricular enlargement
• Atrial enlargement
  • Left atrial enlargement
  • Right atrial enlargement

Associations

Calcified heart with cardiomegaly at a medical class at Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City.

• Amyloidosis
• Anemia
• Aortic coarctation
• Athletic heart syndrome
• Atrial septal defect
• autonomic insufficiency
• Chagas' disease
• Cocaine
• Congestive heart failure, primary or caused by the other conditions listed here
• Connective tissue disease, e.g. SLE
• Coxsackie viral myocarditis
• Dilated cardiomyopathy, as in alcoholism or thiamine deficiency
• Friedreich's ataxia
• Gigantism
• Hemochromatosis
• Hypertensive heart disease
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Hypoalbuminaemia, e.g. malnutrition, chronic liver disease
• hypothyroidism
• Morquio's Syndrome and other related dwarfism diseases
• Obesity
• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
• PCOS, as in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
• Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
• Radiation
• Sickle-cell disease
• Type II glycogen storage disease (Pompe disease)
• Uraemia
• Myocardial fibroelastosis
• Kawasaki disease
• Pericardial effusion
• Primary tumors of the heart
• Drugs such as sulfonamides and doxorubicin
• Acromegaly
• Pulmonary valve stenosis

External links

• American Heart Association