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{{Infobox musical artist| <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians -->
| name = Adam Clayton
| image = U2 @ Scott Stadium 2 Adam cropped.jpg
| caption = Clayton playing in [[Charlottesville, Virginia]] on 1 October 2009
| image_size = 250px
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| birth_name =
| alias =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1960|3|13|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Chinnor]], [[Oxfordshire]], England, UK
| death_date =
| death_place =
| instrument = [[Bass guitar]], [[guitar]], [[synthesizer]], [[singing|vocals]]
| genre = [[Rock music|Rock]], [[alternative rock]], [[post-punk]]
| occupation = Musician, songwriter
| years_active = 1976–present
| label = [[Island Records|Island]], [[Interscope Records|Interscope]] |
| associated_acts = [[U2]], [[Automatic Baby]], [[Passengers (side project)|Passengers]], [[Daniel Lanois]], [[Little Steven]]
| website = http://www.u2.com/
| notable_instruments = [[Fender Precision Bass]]<br />[[Fender Jazz Bass]]<br />[[Warwick (bass guitar)|Warwick]] basses<br />[[Gibson Thunderbird]]
}}

'''Adam Charles Clayton''' (born 13 March 1960) is an English-born Irish musician best known as the bass guitarist of the Irish rock band [[U2]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.threechordsandthetruth.net/u2bios/u2adambio.htm|title=Adam Clayton biography |accessdate=6 September 2007 |last=Taylor |first=Philip| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070915083306/http://www.threechordsandthetruth.net/u2bios/u2adambio.htm| archivedate= 15 September 2007 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> He has resided in [[County Dublin]] since the time his family moved to [[Malahide]] when he was five years old in 1965. Clayton is well known for his bass playing on songs such as "[[Gloria (U2 song)|Gloria]]", "[[New Year's Day (song)|New Year's Day]]", "[[Bullet the Blue Sky]]", "[[With or Without You]]", "[[Mysterious Ways (song)|Mysterious Ways]]", "[[Get on Your Boots]]", and "[[Magnificent (U2 song)|Magnificent]]". He has worked on several solo projects throughout his career, such as his work with fellow band member [[Larry Mullen, Jr.]] on the theme of 1996's ''[[Mission: Impossible (film)|Mission: Impossible]]''.<ref name="rs" /> Clayton, as a part of U2, has won 22 [[Grammy Award]]s.<ref name="grammyawards">{{cite web |url=http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=u2&field_nominee_work_value=&year=All&genre=All |title=Past Winners: U2 |accessdate=27 September 2015}}</ref>

==Early life==
Adam Charles Clayton is the oldest child of Brian and Jo Clayton, born on 13 March 1960 in [[Chinnor]], [[Oxfordshire]], [[England]]. His father was a pilot with the [[Royal Air Force]], who moved into civil aviation, and his mother was a former airline [[stewardess]].<ref name="U2 by U2" /> When he was 4 years old his father worked in [[Kenya]] as a pilot with [[East African Airways]],<ref name="U2 by U2" /> the family being resident in [[Nairobi]] (Clayton regards this as the happiest period of his childhood).<ref name="U2 by U2" /> In 1965 the family moved to [[Malahide]], [[County Dublin]] in the [[Republic of Ireland]], where Clayton's brother Sebastian was born.<ref name="U2 by U2" /><ref name="book1" /> The Clayton family became friends with the Evans family (including their son David Evans, who would later become a fellow band-member with Clayton in U2).<ref name="book1">{{cite book |last=McCormick |first=Neil |author2=Adam Clayton |author3=[[Bono]] |author4=[[The Edge]] |author5=[[Larry Mullen, Jr.]] |title=U2 by U2 |year=2005 |publisher=HarperEntertainment |location=New York |isbn=0-06-077675-7 }}</ref>

When he was eight years old he was sent to the private junior boarding Castle Park School in [[Dalkey]], Dublin.<ref name="U2 by U2" /> He did not enjoy or respond well to its ethos not being particularly sports orientated, and found it difficult to settle socially there, and although he was interested in music the pupils were not allowed to listen to pop music or watch television.<ref name="U2 by U2" /> He joined the School's 'Gramphone Society', which met to listen to classical music. He also took piano lessons for a short time.<ref name="U2 by U2" /> His introduction to the world of popular music was around the age of 10, listening to rock operas such as ''[[Jesus Christ Superstar]]'' and ''[[Hair (musical)|Hair]]'', and other material that was midway between classical and [[popular music]].<ref name="U2 by U2" />

At age 13 he entered the private [[St Columba's College, Dublin|St. Columba's College]] secondary school in [[Rathfarnham]], Dublin. Here he made friends with other pupils who were enthusiastic about the pop/rock music acts of the period, including [[The Who]], [[The Beatles]], [[The Grateful Dead]], and [[Carole King]]. In response he bought a £5 acoustic guitar from a junk-shop near the Dublin quays, and began learning elementary chords and songs.<ref name="U2 by U2" /> John Leslie, who shared a bunk bed with Clayton at St. Columba's, persuaded him to join in with a school band where Clayton would play the [[bass guitar]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite book|last=Chatterton|first=Mark|title=U2: The Complete Encyclopedia|publisher=Firefly Publishing|location=London|year=2001|isbn=0-946719-41-1|page=29}}</ref> His mother purchased a bass for him when he was 14 years old on the basis of a given promise that he would commit himself to learn to play the instrument.<ref name=father>[http://www.independent.ie/life/family/family=feature/in-the-name-of-the-son-and-the-father-31133943.html In the name of the son and the father]</ref>

{{Quote box|width=27%|align=left|quote="Adam was Mrs Burns because he did come over like an old woman sometimes."|source=—The Edge on how The Virgin Prunes nicknamed Clayton.<ref name="U2 by U2">{{cite book|author=[[U2]]|editor1-first=Neil|editor1-last=McCormick|title=U2 by U2|publisher=HarperCollins|location=London|year=2006|isbn=0-00-719668-7}}</ref>}}

He later changed school to [[Mount Temple Comprehensive School]] in Dublin, where he met future bandmates, Paul Hewson (aka "[[Bono]])" and [[Larry Mullen Jr.]], who were also pupils there, and was reunited with his childhood friend Dave Evans (aka "[[The Edge]]"). In September 1976 Mullen put an advert onto the school's bulletin board seeking other musicians to form a band; Clayton showed up for the first meeting and practise, so did David Evans with his older brother Richard ("Dik"), Paul Hewson, and Ivan McCormick and Peter Martin who were two of Mullen's friends. McCormick and Martin left the band soon after its inception.<ref>McCormick (2006), p.40-46</ref>

While the band was a five-piece (consisting of Bono, [[The Edge]], Mullen, [[Dik Evans]], and Clayton) it was known as "Feedback". The name was subsequently changed to "The Hype", but changed to "U2" soon after Dik Evans left.<ref name="bio1">{{cite web |url=http://www.atu2.com/band/bio.html |title=U2 Biography from @U2 |accessdate=10 September 2007 |last=McGee |first=Matt| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070917034205/http://www.atu2.com/band/bio.html| archivedate= 17 September 2007 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> Clayton stood in as the nearest thing that the band had to a manager in its early life, handing over the duties to [[Paul McGuinness]] in May 1978.<ref name="book1"/>

== U2 ==
In 1981, around the time of U2's second, spiritually charged album, ''[[October (U2 album)|October]]'', a rift was created in the band between Clayton and McGuinness, and the three other band members. Bono, The Edge, and Mullen had joined a Christian group, and were questioning the compatibility of rock music with their spirituality.<ref name="bio1" /> However, Clayton, with his more ambiguous religious views, was less concerned, and so was more of an outsider, until Bono's wedding to [[Alison Hewson]] (née Stewart), in which Clayton was the best man.<ref name="adambio">{{cite web |url=http://www.atu2.com/band/adam/ |title=Adam Clayton Biography from @U2 |accessdate=10 September 2007 |last=Lineage |first=David| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070927190208/http://www.atu2.com/band/adam/| archivedate= 27 September 2007 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref>
{{Quote box|width=27%|align=right|quote="Life was pretty chaotic. I don't really like that kind of intensity, I don't like that sort of activity, so whilst I was able to go along with it, I wasn't really in control, it would be fair to say. Every night was a party, but I don't think I felt much contentment or peace, that's for sure. I'd be fine during the day, I'd be fine for the gig but afterwards it was too easy to go out all night or just keep drinking in your room. I was beginning to realize that every time I drank, I couldn't really be sure of the result. And it always made the next day worse. So I decided to lay off and stop drinking during the final leg of the tour."|source=—Adam Clayton regarding his alcoholism<ref>McCormick (2006), pp.255-6</ref>}}
Clayton made international headlines in August 1989 when he was arrested in Dublin for carrying a small amount of [[cannabis (drug)|marijuana]]. However, he avoided conviction by making a large donation to charity, and has later been regretful, saying "It was my own fault. And I'm sure I was out of my head&nbsp;– emotionally apart from anything else. But it is serious because it is illegal."<ref name="adambio" /> Clayton has also had alcohol problems, which came to a head on 26 November 1993 when he was so hung over that he was unable to play that night's show in Sydney, the dress rehearsal for their [[Zoo TV: Live from Sydney|Zoo TV concert film]]. Bass duties had to be fulfilled by Clayton's technician Stuart Morgan. After that incident, however, he gave up alcohol.<ref name="book2">{{cite book | last = Flanagan | first = Bill | title = U2 : at the End of the World | publisher=Delta | location = New York | year = 1996 | isbn = 0-385-31157-5 }}</ref>

In 1995, after the [[Zoo TV Tour]] and ''[[Zooropa]]'' album, Clayton headed to New York with bandmate Mullen to receive formal training in the bass; until then Clayton had been entirely self-taught.<ref name="book2" /> During that period, he worked on U2's experimental album, released under the [[pseudonym]] "Passengers", entitled ''[[Original Soundtracks 1]]''. That album features one of the few instances where Clayton has appeared as a vocalist; he spoke the last verse of "[[Your Blue Room]]", the album's second single. Prior to this Clayton had only provided live backing vocals to tracks such as "[[Out of Control (U2 song)|Out of Control]]", "[[I Will Follow]]", "[[Twilight (U2 song)|Twilight]]" and "[[Bullet the Blue Sky]]". Since 1997's [[Popmart]] tour Clayton has not sung live in any capacity for the band. In 1996, while still in New York, Clayton collaborated with Mullen to re-record the ''[[Mission: Impossible]]'' theme.<ref name="rs">{{cite web |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/u2/biography |work=[[Rolling Stone]]|title=U2: Biography |accessdate=1 January 2011}}</ref>

Clayton remained a bachelor for several decades until his marriage in 2013. During the early 1990s, he dated British supermodel [[Naomi Campbell]]. He also had a long-standing relationship with Suzanne "Susie" Smith, a former assistant to Paul McGuinness; they were engaged in 2006, but the pair broke up in February 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.u2france.com/spip.php?article10122 |title=U2’s Adam splits up with fiancee Susie (U2France) |accessdate=8 September 2007 |last=Egan |first=Barry |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070519133629/http://www.u2france.com/spip.php?article10122 <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 19 May 2007}}</ref> According to the [[Sunday Independent (Ireland)|Sunday Independent]], he fathered a son in 2010. This was confirmed by Bono while introducing his bandmate during their 360 tour.<ref>{{cite news|author=|url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/achtung-baby-adam-is-the-proud-father-of-a-little-boy-2498063.html |title=Achtung baby, Adam is the proud father of a little boy|publisher=Independent.ie |date= 16 January 2011|accessdate=29 May 2011}}</ref> On 4 September 2013, Clayton married former human rights lawyer Mariana Teixeira de Carvalho in a ceremony in Dublin.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/republic-of-ireland/u2s-adam-clayton-ties-the-knot-with-brazilian-girlfriend-29553750.html |title=U2's Adam Clayton ties the knot with Brazilian girlfriend - BelfastTelegraph.co.uk |first= |last= |work=belfasttelegraph.co.uk |year=2013 |accessdate=5 September 2013}}</ref> Originally from Brazil, Mariana now works as a director at a leading contemporary art gallery, Michael Werner in London and New York.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/the-edge-ian-gets-his-divorce-carol-has-a-new-rush-31152657.html |title=Adam is the new George with his Mariana - Independent.ie |first= |last= |work=independent.ie |year=2015 |accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref>

In 2009 the [[High Court (Ireland)|High Court]] ordered the assets of Clayton's former housekeeper and PA be frozen after it was reported that she misappropriated funds of €1.8&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2009/1218/claytona.html|title=U2's Clayton secures order against former PA|date=18 December 2009|work=RTE.ie|accessdate=22 September 2014}}</ref>
At the subsequent trial that figure was stated to be €2.8&nbsp;million.<ref>[http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2012/0622/1224318455495.html?via=mr]. [[Irish Times]]. Friday, 22 June 2012. Retrieved on that date.</ref> The PA denied the charges but in 2012 was convicted by a jury of 181 counts of theft and sentenced to 7 years imprisonment.<ref>{{cite news|title=Adam Clayton's former PA Carol Hawkins sentenced to seven years for stealing almost €3m|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2012/0706/claytons-former-pa-sentenced-to-seven-years.html|publisher=RTÉ News, Ireland|accessdate=7 July 2012|date=6 July 2012}}</ref>

Revision as of 14:41, 25 August 2016

Adam Clayton
Clayton playing in Charlottesville, Virginia on 1 October 2009
Clayton playing in Charlottesville, Virginia on 1 October 2009
Background information
Born (1960-03-13) 13 March 1960 (age 64)
Chinnor, Oxfordshire, England, UK
GenresRock, alternative rock, post-punk
Occupation(s)Musician, songwriter
Instrument(s)Bass guitar, guitar, synthesizer, vocals
Years active1976–present
LabelsIsland, Interscope
Websitehttp://www.u2.com/

Adam Charles Clayton (born 13 March 1960) is an English-born Irish musician best known as the bass guitarist of the Irish rock band U2.[1] He has resided in County Dublin since the time his family moved to Malahide when he was five years old in 1965. Clayton is well known for his bass playing on songs such as "Gloria", "New Year's Day", "Bullet the Blue Sky", "With or Without You", "Mysterious Ways", "Get on Your Boots", and "Magnificent". He has worked on several solo projects throughout his career, such as his work with fellow band member Larry Mullen, Jr. on the theme of 1996's Mission: Impossible.[2] Clayton, as a part of U2, has won 22 Grammy Awards.[3]

Early life

Adam Charles Clayton is the oldest child of Brian and Jo Clayton, born on 13 March 1960 in Chinnor, Oxfordshire, England. His father was a pilot with the Royal Air Force, who moved into civil aviation, and his mother was a former airline stewardess.[4] When he was 4 years old his father worked in Kenya as a pilot with East African Airways,[4] the family being resident in Nairobi (Clayton regards this as the happiest period of his childhood).[4] In 1965 the family moved to Malahide, County Dublin in the Republic of Ireland, where Clayton's brother Sebastian was born.[4][5] The Clayton family became friends with the Evans family (including their son David Evans, who would later become a fellow band-member with Clayton in U2).[5]

When he was eight years old he was sent to the private junior boarding Castle Park School in Dalkey, Dublin.[4] He did not enjoy or respond well to its ethos not being particularly sports orientated, and found it difficult to settle socially there, and although he was interested in music the pupils were not allowed to listen to pop music or watch television.[4] He joined the School's 'Gramphone Society', which met to listen to classical music. He also took piano lessons for a short time.[4] His introduction to the world of popular music was around the age of 10, listening to rock operas such as Jesus Christ Superstar and Hair, and other material that was midway between classical and popular music.[4]

At age 13 he entered the private St. Columba's College secondary school in Rathfarnham, Dublin. Here he made friends with other pupils who were enthusiastic about the pop/rock music acts of the period, including The Who, The Beatles, The Grateful Dead, and Carole King. In response he bought a £5 acoustic guitar from a junk-shop near the Dublin quays, and began learning elementary chords and songs.[4] John Leslie, who shared a bunk bed with Clayton at St. Columba's, persuaded him to join in with a school band where Clayton would play the bass guitar for the first time.[6] His mother purchased a bass for him when he was 14 years old on the basis of a given promise that he would commit himself to learn to play the instrument.[7]

"Adam was Mrs Burns because he did come over like an old woman sometimes."

—The Edge on how The Virgin Prunes nicknamed Clayton.[4]

He later changed school to Mount Temple Comprehensive School in Dublin, where he met future bandmates, Paul Hewson (aka "Bono)" and Larry Mullen Jr., who were also pupils there, and was reunited with his childhood friend Dave Evans (aka "The Edge"). In September 1976 Mullen put an advert onto the school's bulletin board seeking other musicians to form a band; Clayton showed up for the first meeting and practise, so did David Evans with his older brother Richard ("Dik"), Paul Hewson, and Ivan McCormick and Peter Martin who were two of Mullen's friends. McCormick and Martin left the band soon after its inception.[8]

While the band was a five-piece (consisting of Bono, The Edge, Mullen, Dik Evans, and Clayton) it was known as "Feedback". The name was subsequently changed to "The Hype", but changed to "U2" soon after Dik Evans left.[9] Clayton stood in as the nearest thing that the band had to a manager in its early life, handing over the duties to Paul McGuinness in May 1978.[5]

U2

In 1981, around the time of U2's second, spiritually charged album, October, a rift was created in the band between Clayton and McGuinness, and the three other band members. Bono, The Edge, and Mullen had joined a Christian group, and were questioning the compatibility of rock music with their spirituality.[9] However, Clayton, with his more ambiguous religious views, was less concerned, and so was more of an outsider, until Bono's wedding to Alison Hewson (née Stewart), in which Clayton was the best man.[10]

"Life was pretty chaotic. I don't really like that kind of intensity, I don't like that sort of activity, so whilst I was able to go along with it, I wasn't really in control, it would be fair to say. Every night was a party, but I don't think I felt much contentment or peace, that's for sure. I'd be fine during the day, I'd be fine for the gig but afterwards it was too easy to go out all night or just keep drinking in your room. I was beginning to realize that every time I drank, I couldn't really be sure of the result. And it always made the next day worse. So I decided to lay off and stop drinking during the final leg of the tour."

—Adam Clayton regarding his alcoholism[11]

Clayton made international headlines in August 1989 when he was arrested in Dublin for carrying a small amount of marijuana. However, he avoided conviction by making a large donation to charity, and has later been regretful, saying "It was my own fault. And I'm sure I was out of my head – emotionally apart from anything else. But it is serious because it is illegal."[10] Clayton has also had alcohol problems, which came to a head on 26 November 1993 when he was so hung over that he was unable to play that night's show in Sydney, the dress rehearsal for their Zoo TV concert film. Bass duties had to be fulfilled by Clayton's technician Stuart Morgan. After that incident, however, he gave up alcohol.[12]

In 1995, after the Zoo TV Tour and Zooropa album, Clayton headed to New York with bandmate Mullen to receive formal training in the bass; until then Clayton had been entirely self-taught.[12] During that period, he worked on U2's experimental album, released under the pseudonym "Passengers", entitled Original Soundtracks 1. That album features one of the few instances where Clayton has appeared as a vocalist; he spoke the last verse of "Your Blue Room", the album's second single. Prior to this Clayton had only provided live backing vocals to tracks such as "Out of Control", "I Will Follow", "Twilight" and "Bullet the Blue Sky". Since 1997's Popmart tour Clayton has not sung live in any capacity for the band. In 1996, while still in New York, Clayton collaborated with Mullen to re-record the Mission: Impossible theme.[2]

Clayton remained a bachelor for several decades until his marriage in 2013. During the early 1990s, he dated British supermodel Naomi Campbell. He also had a long-standing relationship with Suzanne "Susie" Smith, a former assistant to Paul McGuinness; they were engaged in 2006, but the pair broke up in February 2007.[13] According to the Sunday Independent, he fathered a son in 2010. This was confirmed by Bono while introducing his bandmate during their 360 tour.[14] On 4 September 2013, Clayton married former human rights lawyer Mariana Teixeira de Carvalho in a ceremony in Dublin.[15] Originally from Brazil, Mariana now works as a director at a leading contemporary art gallery, Michael Werner in London and New York.[16]

In 2009 the High Court ordered the assets of Clayton's former housekeeper and PA be frozen after it was reported that she misappropriated funds of €1.8 million.[17] At the subsequent trial that figure was stated to be €2.8 million.[18] The PA denied the charges but in 2012 was convicted by a jury of 181 counts of theft and sentenced to 7 years imprisonment.[19]

  1. ^ Taylor, Philip. "Adam Clayton biography". Archived from the original on 15 September 2007. Retrieved 6 September 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b "U2: Biography". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
  3. ^ "Past Winners: U2". Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j U2 (2006). McCormick, Neil (ed.). U2 by U2. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-719668-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ a b c McCormick, Neil; Adam Clayton; Bono; The Edge; Larry Mullen, Jr. (2005). U2 by U2. New York: HarperEntertainment. ISBN 0-06-077675-7.
  6. ^ Chatterton, Mark (2001). U2: The Complete Encyclopedia. London: Firefly Publishing. p. 29. ISBN 0-946719-41-1.
  7. ^ In the name of the son and the father
  8. ^ McCormick (2006), p.40-46
  9. ^ a b McGee, Matt. "U2 Biography from @U2". Archived from the original on 17 September 2007. Retrieved 10 September 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ a b Lineage, David. "Adam Clayton Biography from @U2". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 10 September 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ McCormick (2006), pp.255-6
  12. ^ a b Flanagan, Bill (1996). U2 : at the End of the World. New York: Delta. ISBN 0-385-31157-5.
  13. ^ Egan, Barry. "U2's Adam splits up with fiancee Susie (U2France)". Archived from the original on 19 May 2007. Retrieved 8 September 2007.
  14. ^ "Achtung baby, Adam is the proud father of a little boy". Independent.ie. 16 January 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
  15. ^ "U2's Adam Clayton ties the knot with Brazilian girlfriend - BelfastTelegraph.co.uk". belfasttelegraph.co.uk. 2013. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
  16. ^ "Adam is the new George with his Mariana - Independent.ie". independent.ie. 2015. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  17. ^ "U2's Clayton secures order against former PA". RTE.ie. 18 December 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  18. ^ [1]. Irish Times. Friday, 22 June 2012. Retrieved on that date.
  19. ^ "Adam Clayton's former PA Carol Hawkins sentenced to seven years for stealing almost €3m". RTÉ News, Ireland. 6 July 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
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