Mayor of Los Angeles: Difference between revisions
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==Election== |
==Election== |
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{{See also|List of Los Angeles municipal election returns}} |
{{See also|List of Los Angeles municipal election returns}} |
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The mayor is elected in citywide election. Elections follow a [[two-round system]]. The first round of the election is called the [[primary election]]. The candidate receiving a majority of the vote in the primary is elected outright. If no candidate receives a majority, the top two candidates advance to a runoff election, called the [[general election]]. The City Charter allows for [[write-in candidate]]s for the primary election, but not for the runoff in the general election. The mayor is elected to a four-year term, with a limit of two consecutive terms.<ref name=Elections>{{cite web|title=Los Angeles City Charter, Vol I, Article IV|url=http://www.amlegal.com/library/ca/losangeles.shtml|publisher=Americal Legal Publishing Corporation|accessdate=November 16, 2014}}</ref> The office of Mayor is officially [[nonpartisan]] by state law, although most mayoral candidates identify a party preference.<ref>[http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/.const/.article_2 California Constitution, Article II, Section 6]</ref> |
The mayor is elected in citywide election. Elections follow a [[two-round system]]. The first round of the election is called the [[primary election]]. The candidate receiving a majority of the vote in the primary is elected outright. If no candidate receives a majority, the top two candidates advance to a runoff election, called the [[general election]]. The City Charter allows for [[write-in candidate]]s for the primary election, but not for the runoff in the general election. The mayor is elected to a four-year term, with a limit of two consecutive terms.<ref name=Elections>{{cite web|title=Los Angeles City Charter, Vol I, Article IV|url=http://www.amlegal.com/library/ca/losangeles.shtml|publisher=Americal Legal Publishing Corporation|accessdate=November 16, 2014}}</ref> The office of Mayor is officially [[nonpartisan]] by state law, although most mayoral candidates identify a party preference.<ref>[http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/.const/.article_2 California Constitution, Article II, Section 6] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101008203818/http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/.const/.article_2 |date=2010-10-08 }}</ref> |
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Elections for mayor were held in odd-numbered years from 1909 until 2013. In October 2014, the Los Angeles City Council recommended consolidating city elections with gubernatorial and presidential elections in even-numbered years in an effort to increase turnout.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Walton|first1=Alice|title=Proposal to move Los Angeles elections passes key committee|url=http://www.scpr.org/news/2014/10/17/47453/proposal-to-move-los-angeles-elections-passes-key/|accessdate=November 16, 2014|publisher=[[KPCC]]|date=October 17, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Saillant|first1=Catherine|title=Effort would consolidate L.A. elections with state and federal voting|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/cityhall/la-me-city-voting-20150116-story.html|accessdate=February 26, 2015|agency=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 15, 2015}}</ref> On March 3, 2015, voters passed a charter amendment to extend the term of the mayor elected in 2017 to five-and-a-half years. From 2022 and onward, mayoral elections will be consolidated with the statewide gubernatorial elections held every four years.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hoping to Boost Dismal Turnouts, L.A. Votes to Change Election Dates|url=http://www.kcet.org/news/agenda/elections/hoping-to-boost-dismal-turnouts-la-votes-to-change-election-dates.html|accessdate=March 14, 2015|agency=City News Service|publisher=[[KCET]]|date=March 4, 2015}}</ref> |
Elections for mayor were held in odd-numbered years from 1909 until 2013. In October 2014, the Los Angeles City Council recommended consolidating city elections with gubernatorial and presidential elections in even-numbered years in an effort to increase turnout.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Walton|first1=Alice|title=Proposal to move Los Angeles elections passes key committee|url=http://www.scpr.org/news/2014/10/17/47453/proposal-to-move-los-angeles-elections-passes-key/|accessdate=November 16, 2014|publisher=[[KPCC]]|date=October 17, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Saillant|first1=Catherine|title=Effort would consolidate L.A. elections with state and federal voting|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/cityhall/la-me-city-voting-20150116-story.html|accessdate=February 26, 2015|agency=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=January 15, 2015}}</ref> On March 3, 2015, voters passed a charter amendment to extend the term of the mayor elected in 2017 to five-and-a-half years. From 2022 and onward, mayoral elections will be consolidated with the statewide gubernatorial elections held every four years.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hoping to Boost Dismal Turnouts, L.A. Votes to Change Election Dates|url=http://www.kcet.org/news/agenda/elections/hoping-to-boost-dismal-turnouts-la-votes-to-change-election-dates.html|accessdate=March 14, 2015|agency=City News Service|publisher=[[KCET]]|date=March 4, 2015}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 20:38, 6 June 2017
| Mayor of Los Angeles | |
|---|---|
 Seal of City of Los Angeles | |
 | |
| Style | His Honor |
| Residence | Getty House |
| Term length | Four years renewable once |
| Inaugural holder | Alpheus P. Hodges |
| Formation | 1850 |
| Salary | $239,993 |
| Website | Office of the Mayor |
The Mayor of the City of Los Angeles is the official head and chief executive officer of Los Angeles, California. The mayor is elected for a four-year term and limited to serving no more than two terms. Under the California Constitution, all judicial, school, county, and city offices, including those of chartered cities, are nonpartisan. The 42nd and current Mayor is Eric Garcetti.
Duties and powers
Los Angeles has a strong mayor council form of government, giving the mayor the position of chief executive of the city. The mayor is given the authority to appoint general managers and commissioners, remove officials from city posts, and is required to propose a budget each year. Most of the mayor's appointments and proposals are subject to approval by the Los Angeles City Council, but the mayor has the power of veto or approval of City Council legislation.[1]
The organization of the mayor's office changes with administration, but is almost always governed by a chief of staff, deputy chief of staff, director of communications, and several deputy mayors. Each mayor also organizes his office into different offices, usually containing the Los Angeles Housing Team, Los Angeles Business Team, International Trade Office, Mayor's Volunteer Corps, and Office of Immigrant Affairs, among other divisions.[2]
The mayor has an office in the Los Angeles City Hall[3] and resides at the Mayor's Mansion, Getty House, located in Windsor Square in Hancock Park.[4] As of Fiscal Year 2015–16, the salary for the mayor is set at $239,993.[5]
Election
The mayor is elected in citywide election. Elections follow a two-round system. The first round of the election is called the primary election. The candidate receiving a majority of the vote in the primary is elected outright. If no candidate receives a majority, the top two candidates advance to a runoff election, called the general election. The City Charter allows for write-in candidates for the primary election, but not for the runoff in the general election. The mayor is elected to a four-year term, with a limit of two consecutive terms.[6] The office of Mayor is officially nonpartisan by state law, although most mayoral candidates identify a party preference.[7]
Elections for mayor were held in odd-numbered years from 1909 until 2013. In October 2014, the Los Angeles City Council recommended consolidating city elections with gubernatorial and presidential elections in even-numbered years in an effort to increase turnout.[8][9] On March 3, 2015, voters passed a charter amendment to extend the term of the mayor elected in 2017 to five-and-a-half years. From 2022 and onward, mayoral elections will be consolidated with the statewide gubernatorial elections held every four years.[10]
The most recent election was held in May 2013. Incumbent mayor Antonio Villaraigosa was ineligible to run for reelection due to term limits. Eric Garcetti and Wendy Greuel received the most votes in the March primary, and Garcetti was elected mayor in the May runoff election. Garcetti assumed office July 1, 2013, becoming the 42nd mayor of Los Angeles.[11]
Succession
In the case of an office vacancy, the City Council has a choice to appoint a new mayor or to hold a special election. The replacement, if appointed, will serve until the next regularly scheduled primary for a city general election. If any portion remains on the term, a special election will be held to elect a candidate to serve the remainder of the term.[6]
The mayor is subject to recall by registered voters if at least 15 percent of eligible voters sign a recall petition within 120 days of the first day of circulation. If the petition is successful, a special election is held asking whether the incumbent should be removed and who among a list of candidates should replace the incumbent. If the recall is successful, the replacement candidate with the majority of votes succeeds the ousted incumbent. If no replacement candidate receives a majority of the votes, a special runoff election is held between the top two candidates.[6]
List
As of November 2024, 42 individuals have served as mayor of Los Angeles since its incorporation as a city in the state of California. Six individuals served non-consecutive terms, the first of which began in 1854 and the last of which ended in 1921. Those who served non-consecutive terms are only counted once in the official count of mayoralties. Stephen Clark Foster was also appointed as mayor in 1848 prior to California statehood and official incorporation of the City.
The longest term was that of Tom Bradley, who served for 20 years over five terms prior to the establishment of successive term limits. The shortest term, not counting city council presidents serving as acting mayor, was that of William Stephens, who was appointed to serve for less than two weeks after Arthur Cyprian Harper resigned from office. Two mayors died in office: Henry Mellus and Frederick A. MacDougall. Three Hispanics have served as mayor since incorporation: Antonio F. Coronel, Cristobal Aguilar, and Antonio Villaraigosa. Many other Hispanics served as mayor prior to California joining the United States including Manuel Requena, who also briefly served as acting mayor post-statehood in his role as city council president. Tom Bradley is the only African American to have served as mayor, but was the city's longest serving mayor. Two French Canadians have served as mayor, including Damien Marchesseault, who served for three distinct periods, and Prudent Beaudry.
This list includes three city council presidents who served as acting mayor due to a vacancy in the office of the mayor but who were not officially appointed as mayor. The council presidents are not included in the count of mayors.
† Council presidents who temporarily served as acting mayor in case of a vacancy but were not officially appointed to the position are not included in the count of mayors.
Other offices held
The following is a list of congressional, gubernatorial and other offices held by mayors, before or after their term(s).
| Mayor | Mayoral term | Other offices held | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benjamin Davis Wilson | 1851–1852 | California State Senator (1855–1857 & 1869–1872) | [13] |
| Cameron E. Thom | 1882–1884 | California State Senator (1859–1860) | [14] |
| Edward Falles Spence | 1884–1886 | California State Assemblyman (1860) | [15] |
| Henry T. Hazard | 1889–1892 | California State Assemblyman (1882–1888) | [16] |
| William Stephens | 1909 | U.S. Representative from California (1911–1916) Lieutenant Governor of California (1916–1917) Governor of California (1917–1923) |
[17] |
| Norris Poulson | 1953–1961 | California State Assemblyman (1938–1942) U.S. Representative from California (1943–1945 & 1947–1953) |
[18] |
| Sam Yorty | 1961–1973 | California State Assemblyman (1936–1940 & 1949–1950) U.S. Representative from California (1951–1955) |
[19] |
| Antonio Villaraigosa | 2005–2013 | California State Assemblyman (1994–2000) Speaker of the California State Assembly (1998–2000) |
[20][21] |
Living former mayors
As of November 2024, three former mayors were alive, the oldest being Richard J. Riordan (1993–2001, born 1930). The most recent mayor to die was Thomas Bradley (1973–1993), on September 29, 1998.
| Name | Mayoral term | Date of birth |
|---|---|---|
| Richard J. Riordan | 1993–2001 | May 1, 1930 |
| James K. Hahn | 2001–2005 | July 3, 1950 |
| Antonio Villaraigosa | 2005-2013 | January 23, 1953 |
See also
Notes
- a Stephen Clark Foster previously served as mayor of Los Angeles under United States military rule prior to official incorporation.[22]
- b On January 13, 1855, Stephen Clark Foster resigned as mayor to lead a lynch mob. After the lynching, Foster was reelected as mayor in a special election and returned to office for the remainder of his term.[22]
- c In cases where the same person served non-consecutive terms as mayor, the city only counts one mayoralty.
- d On September 22, 1856, Stephen Clark Foster resigned as mayor to attend to the executorship of the estate of his brother-in-law.[22] City Council president Manuel Requena served as acting mayor until a special election could be held. Requena's term as acting mayor is not counted as an official mayoralty.[23]
- e Manuel Requena previously served two terms as Alcalde of Los Angeles under Independent Mexican rule prior to California statehood in the United States.[23]
- f On December 26, 1860, Henry Mellus died in office. City Council president Wallace Woodworth served as acting mayor until a special election could be held. Woodworth's term as acting mayor is not counted as an official mayoralty.
- g On May 8, 1867, Damien Marchesseault assumed the office of mayor, interrupting the term of Cristóbal Aguilar. After three months, Marchesseault was deposed and Aguilar was restored as mayor.
- h On November 16, 1878, Frederick A. MacDougal died in office. Bernard Cohn was appointed as mayor until a special election could be held.[24]
- i John Bryson's term lasted a little over two months before he was legislated out of service with the adoption of a new city charter.
- j City Council president William Hartshorn Bonsall served as acting mayor for a week during the vacancy between the terms of Henry T. Hazard and Thomas E. Rowan. Bonsall's term as acting mayor is not counted as an official mayoralty.
- k On March 11, 1909 Arthur Harper was forced to resign in the wake of a recall drive. William Stephens was appointed mayor for less than two weeks until a new election could be held.
- l On September 2, 1916, Charles Sebastian resigned as mayor amid personal scandal. Frederick Woodman was appointed to finish the balance of Sebastian's term and later was elected to a full term in his own right.
- m On September 16, 1938 Frank Shaw was successfully recalled from office amid allegations of corruption. Fletcher Bowron was elected to take Shaw's place.
References
- ^ "Los Angeles City Charter, Vol I, Article II". Americal Legal Publishing Corporation. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "Mayor - Directory" (PDF). CityFone Department Information. City of Los Angeles. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "Contact Us". Mayor of Los Angeles. City of Los Angeles. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
- ^ "Getty House". Getty House. Getty House Foundation. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
- ^ "City of Los Angeles Fiscal Year 2015-16 Budget" (PDF). City Administrative Officer: Budget and Financial Information. City of Los Angeles. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
- ^ a b c "Los Angeles City Charter, Vol I, Article IV". Americal Legal Publishing Corporation. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ California Constitution, Article II, Section 6 Archived 2010-10-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Walton, Alice (October 17, 2014). "Proposal to move Los Angeles elections passes key committee". KPCC. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ Saillant, Catherine (January 15, 2015). "Effort would consolidate L.A. elections with state and federal voting". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
- ^ "Hoping to Boost Dismal Turnouts, L.A. Votes to Change Election Dates". KCET. City News Service. March 4, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2015.
- ^ Metha, Seema; Nelson, Laura J. (May 22, 2013). "Garcetti wins race for L.A. mayor; Greuel concedes". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
- ^ Jacqueline R., Braitman; Gerald F., Uelmen (November 27, 2012). Justice Stanley Mosk: A Life at the Center of California Politics and Justice. McFarland. p. 288.
- ^ "Benjamin Davis Wilson Collection". Online Archive of California. Regents of the University of California. Retrieved November 10, 2014.
- ^ "Cameron E. Thom, District Attorney". Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office. Retrieved November 10, 2014.
- ^ "A Leading Citizen Stricken Down". Los Angeles Times. September 20, 1892. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "City Officials: Hazard, Henry Thomas" (PDF). Municipal Reference Library. Retrieved November 10, 2014.
- ^ "William D. Stephens, Governor During World War I, Dies". Los Angeles Examiner. 26 April 1944. Archived from the original on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2007-09-03.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help) - ^ "Poulson, C. Norris". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Retrieved November 10, 2014.
- ^ "Yorty, Samuel William". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Retrieved November 10, 2014.
- ^ Bruck, Connie (May 21, 2007). "Fault Lines". The New Yorker. Retrieved November 10, 2014.
- ^ Stephens, Andrew. "Antonio Villaraigosa, Mayor of Los Angeles". City Mayors. City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
- ^ a b c "Supervisor Stephen Clark Foster" (PDF). Los Angeles County. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
- ^ a b "Supervisor Manuel Requena" (PDF). Los Angeles County. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
- ^ Rasmussen, Cecilia (May 8, 2005). "The City of Angels Has Had Mayors With Demons". Los Angeles Times. pp. B-2. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
External links
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