Franklin Glacier Complex: Difference between revisions
GreenC bot (talk | contribs) |
Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.5.4) |
||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
===Origins=== |
===Origins=== |
||
The still largely unexplained tectonic causes of the volcanism that has produced Franklin Glacier Volcano are a matter of ongoing research. Franklin is not above a [[hotspot (geology)|hotspot]] as are [[Nazko Cone|Nazko]] or [[Hawaii]]. However, with the existence of andesite, basalt, and rhyodacite, it may be a product of the [[Cascadia subduction zone]] because such volcanic rocks are products of subduction volcanism.<ref>{{cite web|title=Washington State Volcanoes and Volcanics|url=http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Washington/description_washington_volcanoes.html|author=USGS|accessdate=2007-07-16}}</ref> At issue are the current plate configuration and rate of [[subduction]] but Franklin's chemistry indicates that Franklin is subduction related.<ref name="OPE">{{cite web|publisher=Petty M. Donna|url=http://www.scetv.org/education/ntti/pdf/2004pdf/Volcanos-TharSheBlowsA2.pdf |
The still largely unexplained tectonic causes of the volcanism that has produced Franklin Glacier Volcano are a matter of ongoing research. Franklin is not above a [[hotspot (geology)|hotspot]] as are [[Nazko Cone|Nazko]] or [[Hawaii]]. However, with the existence of andesite, basalt, and rhyodacite, it may be a product of the [[Cascadia subduction zone]] because such volcanic rocks are products of subduction volcanism.<ref>{{cite web|title=Washington State Volcanoes and Volcanics|url=http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Washington/description_washington_volcanoes.html|author=USGS|accessdate=2007-07-16}}</ref> At issue are the current plate configuration and rate of [[subduction]] but Franklin's chemistry indicates that Franklin is subduction related.<ref name="OPE">{{cite web|publisher=Petty M. Donna|url=http://www.scetv.org/education/ntti/pdf/2004pdf/Volcanos-TharSheBlowsA2.pdf|title=Activity Sheet 2: Eruption Primer|accessdate=2008-07-05|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080717000234/http://www.scetv.org/education/ntti/pdf/2004pdf/Volcanos-TharSheBlowsA2.pdf|archivedate=2008-07-17|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Nathan L., A. Krishna Sinha |url=http://terra.rice.edu/sota/papers/Green,NathanSOTAAbstract.pdf |title=Impact of varied slab age and thermal structure on enrichment processes and melting regimes in sub-arc mantle: Example from the Cascadia subduction system |accessdate=2008-06-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219152327/http://terra.rice.edu/sota/papers/Green,NathanSOTAAbstract.pdf |archivedate=December 19, 2008 }}</ref> |
||
===Eruptive history=== |
===Eruptive history=== |
||
The eruptive history of Franklin Glacier Volcano is poorly known and poorly understood.<ref name="SI"/> Franklin Glacier Volcano is considerably older than Silverthrone Caldera, its nearest prominent neighbour.<ref name="SI">[http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=gvb_fgl_006 Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes: Franklin Glacier]</ref> [[Potassium-argon dating|Potassium-argon dates]] from some of the high-level intrusions indicate Franklin Glacier Volcano has had at least two distinct eruptive events.<ref name="SI"/> The first event began between six and eight million years ago, and the other between two and three million years ago, indicating Franklin Glacier Volcano has long periods of inactivity and has a period of activity about every three million years.<ref name="SI"/> At least some intrusions of Franklin Glacier Volcano were sources for the two distinct volcanic events.<ref name="SI"/> Volcanics include [[dacite]] [[breccia]], minor lava flows, [[tuff]]s, and scarce remnants of [[hornblende]] [[andesite]] lava flows that reach thicknesses of {{convert|450|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="SI"/> |
The eruptive history of Franklin Glacier Volcano is poorly known and poorly understood.<ref name="SI"/> Franklin Glacier Volcano is considerably older than Silverthrone Caldera, its nearest prominent neighbour.<ref name="SI">[http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=gvb_fgl_006 Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes: Franklin Glacier] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211094941/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=gvb_fgl_006 |date=2010-12-11 }}</ref> [[Potassium-argon dating|Potassium-argon dates]] from some of the high-level intrusions indicate Franklin Glacier Volcano has had at least two distinct eruptive events.<ref name="SI"/> The first event began between six and eight million years ago, and the other between two and three million years ago, indicating Franklin Glacier Volcano has long periods of inactivity and has a period of activity about every three million years.<ref name="SI"/> At least some intrusions of Franklin Glacier Volcano were sources for the two distinct volcanic events.<ref name="SI"/> Volcanics include [[dacite]] [[breccia]], minor lava flows, [[tuff]]s, and scarce remnants of [[hornblende]] [[andesite]] lava flows that reach thicknesses of {{convert|450|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="SI"/> |
||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
Revision as of 15:26, 6 October 2017
| Franklin Glacier Volcano | |
|---|---|
 Satellite image of Franklin Glacier Volcano | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,252 m (7,388 ft) |
| Listing | List of volcanoes in CanadaList of Cascade volcanoes |
| Coordinates | 51°20′N 125°24′W / 51.333°N 125.400°W |
| Geography | |
 | |
| Location | British Columbia, Canada |
| Parent range | Pacific Ranges |
| Geology | |
| Age of rock | Miocene |
| Mountain type | Caldera[1][2] |
| Volcanic arc/belt | Canadian Cascade ArcPemberton/Garibaldi Belt |
| Last eruption | Pliocene |
Franklin Glacier Volcano is a deeply eroded and huge 20 km (12 mi) long and 6 km (4 mi) wide caldera[1] complex in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, located east-southeast of the Silverthrone Caldera in the Hoodoo Creek and Franklin Glacier area on the northwest flank of the Waddington Massif of the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains. Franklin Glacier Volcano consists of a series of dikes and high-level magma intrusions.
Geology
Origins
The still largely unexplained tectonic causes of the volcanism that has produced Franklin Glacier Volcano are a matter of ongoing research. Franklin is not above a hotspot as are Nazko or Hawaii. However, with the existence of andesite, basalt, and rhyodacite, it may be a product of the Cascadia subduction zone because such volcanic rocks are products of subduction volcanism.[3] At issue are the current plate configuration and rate of subduction but Franklin's chemistry indicates that Franklin is subduction related.[4][5]
Eruptive history
The eruptive history of Franklin Glacier Volcano is poorly known and poorly understood.[6] Franklin Glacier Volcano is considerably older than Silverthrone Caldera, its nearest prominent neighbour.[6] Potassium-argon dates from some of the high-level intrusions indicate Franklin Glacier Volcano has had at least two distinct eruptive events.[6] The first event began between six and eight million years ago, and the other between two and three million years ago, indicating Franklin Glacier Volcano has long periods of inactivity and has a period of activity about every three million years.[6] At least some intrusions of Franklin Glacier Volcano were sources for the two distinct volcanic events.[6] Volcanics include dacite breccia, minor lava flows, tuffs, and scarce remnants of hornblende andesite lava flows that reach thicknesses of 450 m (1,476 ft).[6]
See also
References
- ^ a b Wood, Charles A.; Kienle, Jürgen (2001). Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 117. ISBN 978-0-521-43811-7. OCLC 27910629.
- ^ Geothermal Potential of Western Canada
- ^ USGS. "Washington State Volcanoes and Volcanics". Retrieved 2007-07-16.
- ^ "Activity Sheet 2: Eruption Primer" (PDF). Petty M. Donna. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-07-17. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Impact of varied slab age and thermal structure on enrichment processes and melting regimes in sub-arc mantle: Example from the Cascadia subduction system" (PDF). Nathan L., A. Krishna Sinha. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes: Franklin Glacier Archived 2010-12-11 at the Wayback Machine