Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł
Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 31 March 1833 Teplice, Austrian Empire |
| Died | 16 December 1904 (aged 71) Berlin, German Empire |
| Allegiance |  Kingdom of Prussia German Empire |
| Service/ | Royal Prussian Army Imperial German Army |
| Rank | General of the Artillery |
| Battles/wars | Austro-Prussian War Franco-Prussian War |
Prince Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł (Polish: Fryderyk Wilhelm Ferdynand Antoni Radziwiłł; 31 March 1833 – 16 December 1904) was a General of the Artillery in the Prussian Army, and an adjutant to the King of Prussia (and later, German Emperor) William I.
Biography
Born the eldest son of Prince Wilhelm Radziwiłł (1797-1870), a General of the Infantry in the Prussian Army, and his second wife Countess Mathilde of Clary und Aldringen (1806-1896), Antoni was a descendant of the elite Polish-Lithuanian noble family of Radziwiłł; his uncle was the Polish statesman Prince Bogusław Fryderyk Radziwiłł, and he was related to the Prussian royal family through his grandfather Antoni Henryk, Governor of Posen, who was married to Princess Louise of Prussia.
Upon his graduation from the Französisches Gymnasium Berlin in 1852, Antoni joined the military as a Second Lieutenant in the Guards Artillery Regiment. He accompanied Prince Frederick William to Moscow to witness the coronation of Tsar Alexander II of Russia in August 1856, after which he enrolled in the military academy between 1858 and 1861, rising to the rank of captain. In 1866 he participated in the Austro-Prussian War as part of the General Staff of the Guard Corps, and was appointed personal aide-de-camp to King William I.
Prince Radziwiłł became a close confidant of the king, often accompanying him on important events. He would play a major role in the future Franco-Prussian War, as he was the one to deliver the Ems Dispatch to Count Benedetti, as well as announcing the ceasefire after the Battle of Sedan on 2 September 1870 and witnessing the proclamation of the German Empire at Versailles. In 1885, William I appointed him to the rank of Adjutant general, a position he held until his dismissal in 1888.
Radziwiłł died in Berlin in 1904; his funeral was attended by Kaiser Wilhelm II himself.
Honours
Decorations and awards
- German honours[1]
Prussia:
- Knight of the Red Eagle, 1st Class with Oak Leaves, Enamel Band of the Prussian Crown and Swords on Ring
- Knight of the Prussian Crown, 3rd Class with Swords
- Knight's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern, with Swords
- Iron Cross (1870), 2nd Class
- Service Award Cross
- Knight of the Black Eagle, with Collar, 1894
Hohenzollern: Cross of Honour of the Princely House Order of Hohenzollern, 1st Class with Swords
Anhalt: Commander of Albert the Bear, 1st Class, 1876[2]
Baden: Commander of the Zähringer Lion, 1st Class with Swords, 1875; Grand Cross, 1881[3]
Bavaria:
- Knight of St. Hubert
- Commander of the Military Merit Order
Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order
Hesse and by Rhine:
- Commander of the Ludwig Order, 2nd Class
- Commander of Philip the Magnanimous, 2nd Class with Swords
Württemberg:[4]
- Grand Cross of the Friedrich Order, 1876
- Commander of the Württemberg Crown, with Swords, 1870;[5] 1885
- Foreign honours[1]
Austria-Hungary:[6]
- Commander of the Imperial Order of Leopold, 1871
- Commander of the Order of Franz Joseph, 1872
- Knight of the Iron Crown, 1st Class, 1884
French Empire: Officer of the Legion of Honour
Kingdom of Italy:
Ottoman Empire: Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class
Kingdom of Portugal: Grand Cross of the Military Order of Aviz
Russian Empire:
- Knight of the White Eagle
- Knight of St. Anna, 2nd Class in Diamonds
- Knight of St. Vladimir, 3rd Class with Swords
Spain: Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III
Sweden-Norway: Commander Grand Cross of the Sword
Military appointments
- À la suite of the 1st Guards Field Artillery Regiment[1]
References
- ^ a b c Handbuch über den Königlich Preußischen Hof und Staat fur das jahr 1903, p. 40
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt (1883) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 21
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1902), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 180
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg] (1907), "Königliche Orden" pp. 43, 97
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1881), "Königliche Orden" p. 41
- ^ "Ritter-Orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1904, pp. 68, 95, 164, retrieved 14 January 2021
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- 1833 births
- 1904 deaths
- Radziwiłł family
- Generals of Artillery (Prussia)
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Eagle, 1st class
- Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Zähringer Lion
- Grand Crosses of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order
- Recipients of the Ludwig Order
- Recipients of the Order of Philip the Magnanimous
- Grand Crosses of the Friedrich Order
- Commanders of the Order of Franz Joseph
- Recipients of the Order of the Iron Crown (Austria)
- Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz
- Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia)
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
- Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword
- Pending AfC submissions
- Pending AfC submissions in article space
- AfC submissions by date/02 March 2021