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2021–22 Australian region cyclone season

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2021–22 Australian region cyclone season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed9 November 2021
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameRuby
 • Maximum winds110 km/h (70 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure982 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Tropical lows21
Tropical cyclones6
Severe tropical cyclones0
Total fatalities2
Total damage> $36,000 (2021 USD)
Related articles
Australian region tropical cyclone seasons
2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24

The 2021–22 Australian region cyclone season is the period of the year when most tropical cyclones form in the Southern Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans between 90°E and 160°E. The current season began from 1 November 2021 and will end on 30 April 2022, but a tropical cyclone could form at any time between 1 July 2021 and 30 June 2022 and would count towards the season total. During the season, tropical cyclones will be officially monitored by one of the three tropical cyclone warning centres (TCWCs) for the region which are operated by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, National Weather Service of Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and other national meteorological services including Météo-France and the Fiji Meteorological Service will also monitor the basin during the season.

Season summary

Cyclone BatsiraiCyclone RubyTropical cyclone scales#Comparisons across basins
A satellite image of Cyclone Cody and Cyclone Tiffany active on 9 January 2022

A tropical low developed to the north of the Western Region on 9 November, starting the season and the overall Southern Hemisphere season as well. After passing near the Cocos Islands with rainfall, it exiting the basin into the South-West Indian Ocean region on 14 November. Three days later, Tropical Low 02U formed near the Christmas Island and later became Tropical Cyclone Paddy, the first named cyclone in this season. On 22 November, Tropical Low 03U formed and it exited the basin on 28 November. On 1 December, Tropical Cyclone Teratai was designated by TCWC Jakarta, but BOM downgraded to a tropical low later that day due to limited deep convection. Ex-Teratai was monitored for redevelopment for a few days, and on 7 December, the system was re-upgraded to tropical storm status. The system later dissipated on 11 December. On 9 December, BOM designated Tropical Low 07U and later became Tropical Cyclone Ruby, which peaked as a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone before entering the South Pacific basin. About two weeks later, Tropical Low 08U was monitored for development but made landfall before further strengthening could occur. The tropical low later entered the Coral Sea where Tropical Cyclone Seth peaked with winds of 70 mph. A couple days after Seth dissipated, Tropical Low 10U rapidly organized and was named Tiffany. The tropical cyclone rapidly intensified to a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone before making landfall over Northern Queensland. Land interaction and wind shear significantly weakened the system and made a second landfall over Northern Territory without restrengthening much over the Gulf of Carpentaria. On 23 January, a tropical low was monitored for a couple days before entering the South-West Indian Ocean, which later became Cyclone Batsirai. On 29 January, BoM started to track Tropical Low 16U and exited the basin without affecting land. A week later, Tropical Low 17U formed and initially the system had deep convection and a well defined center, but easterly shear and dry air prevented strengthening and was last noted on 14 February. The same day that 17U was designated, Tropical Low 18U was briefly monitored before entering the South Pacific basin and became Severe Tropical Cyclone Dovi. On 13 February, Tropical Low 19U formed southeast of Christmas Island and exited the basin a few days later, which was later designated as Moderate Tropical Storm Fezile. On 23 February, Tropical Low 22U quickly developed deep convection and an inner core, and BoM upgraded the system to Tropical Cyclone Vernon.

Systems

Tropical Cyclone Paddy

Category 1 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration18 November – 25 November
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

On 16 November, the BoM first highlighted a possibility of another weak tropical low near or due west of Christmas Island. The agency also noted that this system may bring heavy rainfall to the island.[1] This became true when on the next day, the bureau noted that Tropical Low 02U developed from a trough at 100 kilometres (62 mi) to the northwest of the aforementioned territory under the influence of the weak Madden–Julian Oscillation in the basin.[2][3][4] On the next day, it became slow-moving as it meandered near the territory before resuming its movement eastwards to southeast.[5][6] On 21 November of 04:00 UTC, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for Invest 90S which the agency was tracking very recently.[7] By 03:00 UTC of 22 November, the BoM upgraded the tropical low to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale and named it Paddy, becoming the first named cyclone in this season.[8][9] The JTWC later did the same thing at 09:00 UTC.[10]

At this time, it started to incline south-southeastwards with its pressure bottoming to 997 mbar (29.44 inHg). Three hours later, the BoM noted that Paddy continued to organize, with gale-force winds circling along its western and southern sides, according to scatterometer passes. The agency also nudged the system's intensity to 40 kn (75 km/h; 45 mph), which would eventually be Paddy's eventual maximum 10-minute sustained winds. Sea surface temperatures around 28 °C (82 °F), low wind shear and favorable upper-level divergence were the factors behind Paddy's intensification.[11] Convection started to decrease by 12:00 UTC; however, it managed to maintain its sustained wind speed as Paddy turned towards the south.[12] Early on the next day, dry air started to affect the storm, leading to Paddy's further disorganization as the system turned west-southwestwards and southwestwards.[13] As it moved west-northwestwards, it started to weaken and as it turned further westwards by 18:00 UTC of 23 November, the BoM issued its final warning as Paddy weakened into a tropical low.[14][15] On the next day the JTWC issued a final warning.[16] The BoM still tracked the system until 26 November.

Tropical Cyclone Teratai

Category 1 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration30 November – 11 December
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

On 29 November, BoM predicted a formation of a tropical low which they designated as 05U.[17] On the next day, 05U formed which was located adjoining regions to the Christmas Island and the island of Java.[18] At 23:30 UTC of the same day, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system as the agencies found that the convection in associated with the system had increased.[19] At 09:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical storm, as it briefly attained sufficient convection.[20] Later, the BoM briefly upgraded it to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale at 12:00 UTC of 1 December, and named it Teratai which was given by TCWC Jakarta.[21] But at 18:00 UTC, the BoM downgraded to a tropical low as deep convection had become limited, with the LLCC displaced towards the south. This was caused due to the lack of sufficient outflow caused by the northerly strait line flow which inhibited the system from further intensifying, despite favorable conditions.[22][23] The JTWC followed the suite two hours later.[23] During the next few days, the BoM monitored ex-Teratai for redevelopment as the system executed a clockwise loop.[24] On 6 December the JTWC issued a TCFA,[25] and the next day it re-upgraded the system to a tropical storm.[26] However, by 09:00 UTC of 9 December, JTWC issued its final warning.[27] The BoM continued to track the system until 11 December.[28]

Tropical Cyclone Ruby

Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
Duration9 December – 13 December (Exited basin)
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min);
982 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Ruby

On 6 December 2021, the BoM predicted that a tropical low could form near the Solomon Sea.[29] Two days later, the BoM designated it as 07U when the system was expected to develop further.[30] The JTWC later issued a TCFA.[31] The system had fully organised into a tropical low, when the BoM had begun initiating advisories on 10 December. On the next day the JTWC upgrade to tropical storm.[32] and it was latter upgraded to Category 1 Tropical Cyclone on the Australian scale named it Ruby on 12 December, according to BoM.[33] At 18:00 UTC BoM upgrade to Category 2 system and JTWC following and upgrade to category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone,[34][35] and the next day Ruby crossed into the South Pacific basin.[36][37][38]

Tropical Cyclone Seth

Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration24 December – 6 January
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min);
983 hPa (mbar)

On 21 December 2021, the BoM started to monitor a possible tropical low near the Arafura Sea.[39] The JTWC also classified the system as Invest 97S late on 22 December. On the next day, the BoM designated the disturbance as Tropical Low 08U.[40] By 24 December, BoM began issuing advisories on the system, predicting a Category 1 intensity before landfall, while the JTWC issued a TCFA at 21:00 UTC on the same day.[41] However, the TCFA was cancelled at 18:00 UTC on 25 December, since the system moved inland, and the BoM ceased issuing advisories as well. However, the tropical low kept moving eastward and entered the Coral Sea. At 02:30 UTC on 30 December, the JTWC issued a TCFA again on the system; however, at 02:30 UTC on 31 December, the TCFA was cancelled, due to the system developing subtropical characteristics. At 03:00 UTC on the same day, the BoM upgraded the low to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale and named it Seth. At 15:00 UTC, the JTWC finally classified it as a tropical cyclone, designating the system with the identifier 04P. The cyclone reached its peak intensity at 18:00 UTC that day, while the BoM upgraded it to a Category 2 tropical cyclone, with sustained winds of 110 km/h (70 mph). At 00:00 UTC on 1 January, the BoM downgraded the system to a Category 1 tropical cyclone. At 06:00 UTC on the next day, the BoM classified the system as a subtropical cyclone, in their final advisory on the system.[citation needed] As a post-tropical cyclone, Seth killed 2 people; one in Queensland and the other in New South Wales.[42][43]

Tropical Cyclone Tiffany

Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
Duration8 January – 17 January
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
989 hPa (mbar)

On 4 January, the BoM started to monitor a possible tropical low near the Coral Sea.[44] By 8 January, BoM began issuing advisories on the system.[45] On the next day the BoM designated it as 10U.[46] Within few hours since the BoM began issuing advisories, the low was named as Tropical Cyclone Tiffany as it was rapidly consolidating itself.[47] It was followed by the rapid intensification for a span of 12 hours since it named from 06:00 UTC to 18:00 UTC of 9 January by windspeed increasing from 65 kmph to 120 kmph. With the same intensity on 00:00 UTC of 10 January, the storm made landfall over Northern Queensland. Due to land interaction, it rapidly weakened overland and became a weak tropical low. The low entered into the Gulf of Carpentaria with that intensity by the same night. Despite the considerable increase in wind shear, the low again re-intensified into a Category 1 tropical cyclone in Australian scale while meandering over the same area. The JTWC estimated secondary peak intensity of 100 kmph windspeed in one minute mean. On 00:00 UTC of 11 January, the storm made second landfall over the Northern Territory region and was followed by rapid weakening. The JTWC stopped issuing advisories by the same time.[citation needed]

Tiffany brought gusty winds and heavy rainfall exceeding 100 mm (3.9 in) to the Top End. A house near Katherine suffered around A$50,000 (US$36,000) in damage from fallen trees.[48]

Tropical Low (Batsirai)

Tropical low (Australian scale)
 
Duration23 January – 25 January
(Exited basin)
Peak intensityWinds not specified;
1003 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Batsirai

On 23 January the BoM, reported that tropical low had formed in the northwestern portion of the basin.[49][50] The system moved in a westward direction until it was last tracked on 25 January, when it had exited the basin and moved into the South-West Indian Ocean.[51] At its peak intensity in the Australian region, the BoM estimated the system's minimum atmospheric pressure as 1003 hPa.[52] The MFR began tracking the system, with the system intensifying into Moderate Tropical Storm Batsirai on 27 January.[53][54]

Tropical Low 16U

Tropical low (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration29 January – 3 February (Exited basin)
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

On 29 January, the BoM started tracking a tropical low. They designated it as 16U. On 3 February, 16U exited the basin and entered the South Pacific Basin.

Tropical Low 14U

Tropical low (Australian scale)
 
Duration30 January – 6 February
Peak intensityWinds not specified;
1003 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Low 14U formed on 30 January and dissipated on 6 February.

Tropical Low 17U

Tropical low (Australian scale)
 
Duration5 February – 14 February
Peak intensityWinds not specified;

Tropical Low 17U formed on 5 February and was last noted on 14 February when it had exited the basin.

Tropical Low 18U (Dovi)

Tropical low (Australian scale)
 
Duration5 February – 6 February (Exited basin)
Peak intensityWinds not specified;

Tropical Low 18U formed on 5 February near New Caledonia and the next day 18U crossed into the South Pacific basin, with the system intensifying into Tropical Cyclone Dovi on 9 February.[55]

Tropical Low 19U (Fezile)

Tropical low (Australian scale)
Monsoon depression
 
Duration13 February – 16 February (Exited basin)
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
999 hPa (mbar)

On 11 February, the BoM predicted that a tropical low could form in the next few days around southeast of Christmas Island, and was therefore designated as 19U. The area fully developed into a tropical low two days later.

Tropical Low 20U

Tropical low (Australian scale)
 
Duration17 February – 19 February
Peak intensityWinds not specified;

Tropical Cyclone Vernon

Tropical Cyclone Vernon
Current storm status
Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Current storm status
Category 1 tropical cyclone (1-min mean)
Satellite image
Forecast map
As of:08:00 AWST (00:00 UTC) 25 February
Location:13°30′S 95°18′E / 13.5°S 95.3°E / -13.5; 95.3 (Tropical Cyclone Vernon) ± 30
About 220 km (135 mi) SW of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Sustained winds:55 kn (100 km/h; 65 mph) (10-min mean)
gusting to 45 kn (85 km/h; 50 mph)
70 kn (130 km/h; 80 mph) (1-min mean)
Pressure:989 hPa (29.21 inHg)
Movement:WSW at 2 kn (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph)
See more detailed information.

On 20 February, the BoM predicted that a weak tropical low could develop near the Cocos Islands, and thus, designating it as 22U. Moving westwards, the system had fully developed into a tropical low three days later.

Current storm information

As of 08:00 AWST (00:00 UTC) 25 February, Tropical Cyclone Vernon is located within 30 nautical miles of 13°30′S 95°18′E / 13.5°S 95.3°E / -13.5; 95.3 (16U), approximately 220 km (135 mi) west-southwest of Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Maximum 10-minute sustained winds are at 40 knots (75 km/h; 45 mph), gusting up to 45 knots (85 km/h; 50 mph). The minimum barometric pressure is 1003 hPa (29.62 inHg) and the system moving east at 2 knots (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph).

For the latest official information, see

Tropical Low 21U

Tropical low (Australian scale)
 
Duration24 February – Present
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (10-min);

On 20 February, the BoM noted a possible formation of a tropical low that was located in the Arafura Sea, and thus, designating it as 21U. By 24 February, the system was already a developing tropical low as it was located in the Torres Strait.

Tropical Cyclone Anika

Tropical Cyclone Anika
Current storm status
Category 1 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Current storm status
Tropical storm (1-min mean)
Satellite image
As of:09:30 ACST (00:00 UTC), 25 February
Location:12°42′S 127°48′E / 12.7°S 127.8°E / -12.7; 127.8 (Tropical Cyclone Anika) ± 30
About 330 km (205 mi) W of Darwin, Northern Territory
About 245 km (150 mi) NNE of Kalumburu, Western Australia
Sustained winds:30 kn (55 km/h; 35 mph) (10-min mean)
gusting to 45 kn (85 km/h; 50 mph)
35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph) (1-min mean)
Pressure:995 hPa (29.38 inHg)
Movement:Slow moving
See more detailed information.

A tropical low designated by the BoM of 23U has formed in the Timor Sea. According to the agency, the trend is for the system to evolve into a tropical cyclone in the coming days.[56]

Current storm information

As of 09:00 ACST (00:00 UTC) 25 February, Tropical Low 23U is located within 30 nautical miles of 12°42′S 127°18′E / 12.7°S 127.3°E / -12.7; 127.3 (23U), approximately 330 km (205 mi) west of Darwin, Northern Territory and about 245 km (150 mi) north-northeast of Kalumburu, Western Australia. Maximum 10-minute sustained winds are at 30 knots (55 km/h; 35 mph), gusting up to 45 knots (85 km/h; 50 mph). The minimum barometric pressure is 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) and the system is slow moving.

For the latest official information, see

Other systems

Tropical Low 11U on 13 January 2022.

The Australian Bureau of Meteorology first noted the formation of a possible low-pressure system to the southwest of the island of Sumatra by 4 November.[57] This forecast was materialized when the BoM started to track a weak tropical low outside the Western Region on 9 November, while located at 400 kilometres (250 mi) to the north-northeast of the Cocos Islands.[58] It then entered the region by the next day while tracking slowly towards the island. Environmental conditions were analysed to be unfavorable for further development and as such, the BoM only forecasted a "very low" chance of the low becoming a tropical cyclone.[59] The tropical low then passed to the south of the archipelago before turning westwards and exiting the basin into the South-West Indian Ocean region by 14 November.[60][61][62]

On 22 November, a weak tropical low formed north of the Western Region, which was designated as 03U.[63] By 24 November, the tropical low had entered the region and was located 560 kilometres (350 mi) west-northwest of the Cocos Islands.[64] It meandered near the Cocos Islands, before moving westwards and exited the basin on 28 November.[65]

On 7 December, the BoM noted on a possibility of a weak tropical low developing over the northern part of the Arafura Sea.[66] The BoM designated the system as 06U.[67] By 13 December, the BoM stated that 06U was already forming.[68] The system was last noted on 15 December.[69]

On 26 December, a weak tropical low formed close to the Cocos Islands. It meandered over the same area and dissipated on 3 January.

On 6 January, the BoM first noted the possible formation of a weak tropical low.[70] By 13 January, 11U formed while moving west-southwestward, it dissipated by the next day.[71][72]

On 22 January, a weak tropical low formed north of the Timor Sea.[73] It was moving east before it changed to west. The system was last noted on 25 January.[74]

Storm names

Bureau of Meteorology

The Australian Bureau of Meteorology (TCWC Melbourne) monitors all tropical cyclones that form within the Australian region, including any within the areas of responsibility of TCWC Jakarta or TCWC Port Moresby.[75] Should a tropical low reach tropical cyclone strength within the TCWC Melbourne's area of responsibility, it will be assigned the next name from the following naming list. The next 12 names are listed below:

  • Paddy
  • Ruby
  • Seth
  • Tiffany
  • Vernon (active)
  • Anika (unused)
  • Billy (unused)
  • Charlotte (unused)
  • Darian (unused)
  • Ellie (unused)
  • Freddy (unused)
  • Gabrielle (unused)

TCWC Jakarta

TCWC Jakarta monitors Tropical Cyclones from the Equator to 11S and from 90E to 145E. Should a Tropical Depression reach Tropical Cyclone strength within TCWC Jakarta's Area of Responsibility then it will be assigned the next name from the following list.[75] The next six names on the naming list are listed below.

  • Teratai
  • Anggrek (unused)
  • Bakung (unused)
  • Cempaka (unused)
  • Dahlia (unused)
  • Flamboyan (unused)

TCWC Port Moresby

Tropical cyclones that develop north of 11°S between 151°E and 160°E are assigned names by the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. Tropical cyclone formation in this area is rare, with no cyclones being named in it since 2007.[76]

  • Hibu (unused)
  • Ila (unused)
  • Kama (unused)
  • Lobu (unused)
  • Maila (unused)
  • Alu (unused)
  • Buri (unused)
  • Dodo (unused)
  • Emau (unused)
  • Fere (unused)

Season effects

2021–22 Australian region cyclone season
Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(US$) 		Deaths
Category Wind speed
(km/h (mph)) 		Pressure
(hPa)
TL 9–14 Nov Tropical low Not specified 1006 None None 0
Paddy 18–25 Nov Category 1 tropical cyclone 75 (45) 995 Christmas Island None 0
03U 22–28 Nov Tropical low Not specified 1006 None None 0
Teratai 30 Nov – 11 Dec Category 1 tropical cyclone 65 (40) 998 Christmas Island None 0
Ruby 9–13 Dec Category 2 tropical cyclone 110 (70) 982 Solomon Islands None 0
06U 13–15 Dec Tropical low Not specified 1007 None None 0
Seth 24 Dec – 6 Jan Category 2 tropical cyclone 95 (60) 983 Northern Territory, Queensland None 2
TL 26 Dec – 3 Jan Tropical low Not specified Not specified None None 0
Tiffany 8–17 Jan Category 2 tropical cyclone 95 (60) 989 Queensland, Northern Territory >36,000 0 [48]
11U 13–14 Jan Tropical low Not specified 1008 None None 0
TL 22–25 Jan Tropical low Not specified 1005 None None 0
Batsirai 23–25 Jan Tropical low Not specified 1003 None None 0
16U 29 Jan – 3 Feb Tropical low 65 (40) 995 None None 0
14U 30 Jan – 6 Feb Tropical low Not specified 1003 None None 0
17U 5–14 Feb Tropical low Not specified Not specified None None 0
18U (Dovi) 5–6 Feb Tropical low Not specified Not specified None None 0
19U (Fezile) 13–16 Feb Tropical low 55 (35) 999 None None 0
20U 17–19 Feb Tropical low Not specified Not specified None None 0
Vernon 23 Feb – Present Category 2 tropical cyclone 100 (65) 989 None None 0
21U 24 Feb – Present Tropical low Not specified Not specified None None 0
23U 24 Feb – Present Tropical low 55 (35) 995 None None 0
Season aggregates
21 systems 9 Nov – Present 110 (70) 982 36,000 2

See also

References

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